SIRT3 facilitates mitochondrial structural repair and functional recovery in rats after ischemic stroke by promoting OPA1 expression and activity.

BACKGROUND: Optical atrophy 1 (OPA1), a protein accountable for mitochondrial fusion, facilitates the restoration of mitochondrial structure and function following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The OPA1-conferred mitochondrial protection involves its expression and activity, which can be improved by SIRT3 in non-cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, it remains obscure whether SIRT3 enhances the expression and activity of OPA1 after cerebral I/R injury. METHODS: Mature male Sprague Dawley rats were intracranially injected with adeno-associated viral-Sirtuin-3(AAV-SIRT3) and AAV-sh_OPA1, followed by a 90-min temporary blockage of the middle cerebral artery and subsequent restoration of blood flow. Cultured cortical neurons of rats were transfected with LV-SIRT3 or LV-sh_OPA1 before a 2-h oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation. The rats and neurons were subsequently treated with a selective OPA1 activity inhibitor (MYLS22). The interaction between SIRT3 and OPA1 was assessed by molecular dynamics simulation technology and co-immunoprecipitation. The expression, function, and specific protective mechanism of SIRT3 were examined by various analyses. RESULTS: SIRT3 interacted with OPA1 in the rat cerebral cortex before and after cerebral I/R. After cerebral I/R damage, SIRT3 upregulation increased the OPA1 expression, which enhanced deacetylation and OPA1 activity, thus alleviating cerebral infarct volume, neuronal apoptosis, oxidative pressure, and impairment in mitochondrial energy production; SIRT3 upregulation also improved neuromotor performance, repaired mitochondrial ultrastructure and membrane composition, and promoted the mitochondrial biogenesis. These neuroprotective effects were partly reversed by OPA1 expression interference and OPA1 activity inhibitor MYLS22. CONCLUSION: In rats, SIRT3 enhances the expression and activity of OPA1, facilitating the repair of mitochondrial structure and functional recovery following cerebral I/R injury. These findings highlight that regulating SIRT3 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.

SIRT1 restores mitochondrial structure and function in rats by activating SIRT3 after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury, which can be ameliorated by Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3). Under stress conditions, the SIRT3-promoted mitochondrial functional recovery depends on both its activity and expression. However, the approach to enhance SIRT3 activity after CI/R injury remains unelucidated. In this study, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intracranially injected with either adeno-associated viral Sirtuin-1 (AAV-SIRT1) or AAV-sh_SIRT1 before undergoing transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Primary cortical neurons were cultured and transfected with lentiviral SIRT1 (LV-SIRT1) and LV-sh_SIRT1 respectively before oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Afterwards, rats and neurons were respectively treated with a selective SIRT3 inhibitor, 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (3-TYP). The expression, function, and related mechanism of SIRT1 were investigated by Western Blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, etc. After CI/R injury, SIRT1 expression decreased in vivo and in vitro. The simulation and immune-analyses reported strong interaction between SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the cerebral mitochondria before and after CI/R. SIRT1 overexpression enhanced SIRT3 activity by increasing the deacetylation of SIRT3, which ameliorated CI/R-induced cerebral infarction, neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress, neurological and motor dysfunction, and mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction, promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, and retained mitochondrial integrity and mitochondrial morphology. Meanwhile, SIRT1 overexpression alleviated OGD/R-induced neuronal death and mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits. These effects were reversed by AAV-sh_SIRT1 and the neuroprotective effects of SIRT1 were partially offset by 3-TYP. These results suggest that SIRT1 restores the structure and function of mitochondria by activating SIRT3, offering neuroprotection against CI/R injury, which signifies a potential approach for the clinical management of cerebral ischemia.

In-Situ Self-Assembly Dipole Shielding Layer Toward Efficient and Stable Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells.

Despite CsPbI2.75Br0.25 inorganic perovskites exhibit high potential for single-junction and/or tandem solar cells, unexpected non-radiative recombination, and mismatched interfacial band alignment within the inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) disadvantageously affect their photovoltaic performance. Rational design of the dipole shielding layer (DSL) is vital to realize a win-win situation for the defect passivation and band alignment. Herein, A-site dipole molecules, that is, neopentylamine and 2-methylbutylamine, are employed for in-situ self-assembly of a thus-far unreported DSL at the interface between 3D perovskite and hole transport layer. The as-prepared DSL demonstrates a 2D RP phase perovskite and the lattice-matching structurally-stable DSL@3D perovskite enables to alleviate the unexpected surface defects and suppress the spontaneous non-radiative recombination by means of effectively tuning the surface work function via regulating the dipole moment length and Van der Waals gap. Accordingly, the top dipole-modified inorganic PSCs exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PSC) as high as 19.77% and a fill factor over 83%. Equally importantly, the corresponding solar cells demonstrate a remarkable enhanced stability, maintaining 90% of its initial efficiency for more than 1200 h without encapsulation under a 20% ± 5% relative humidity.

Self-injection-locked thin-film regenerative laser amplifier.

Organic lasers based on distributed feedback (DFB) microcavities have been extensively investigated. However, the application of these lasers is limited by their low output power and large beam divergence. Therefore, laser amplifiers are needed to achieve practically applicable laser intensity and controllable lasing modes for far-field applications. In this work, we report self-injection-locked laser amplifiers using the combination of a DFB microcavity and a Bragg reflector, where a high-reflection mirror acts as the Bragg reflector and its feedback supplies the external-cavity injection. The coherent coupling between the DFB microcavity and the Bragg amplifier is crucial for achieving high conversion efficiency and high-contrast transverse modes. An amplification factor larger than 20 and a single output laser spot with high contrast that has been achieved. Such an integration design of the self-injected DFB microcavity amplifier can be directly utilized in the realization of high-performance thin-film laser sources for practical applications.

Distribution and characteristics of bacteria on the hand during oropharyngeal swab collection: Which handwashing points are affected?

AIMS: To identify the contaminated areas of the hand collection and analyse the distribution characteristics of bacteria in the hand after swab collection. DESIGN: This study used a cross-sectional design. METHODS: A cross-sectional study sampling 50 pairs of hands (sampling hand and auxiliary hand) of healthcare workers was performed. Ten samples were collected from each participant. The optimal hand hygiene rates and bacterial colony counts of the whole hand and different hand sections without hand hygiene were identified as the primary outcomes. RESULTS: The optimal hand hygiene rates of the sampling hand and auxiliary hand were 88.8% (222/250) and 91.6% (229/250), respectively. The lowest optimal hand hygiene rates for the sampling hand and the auxiliary hand were both on the dorsal side of the finger and the dorsum of the hand (86.0%, 86.0% vs. 90.0%, 86.0%); the optimal hand hygiene rates for both sites of the sampling hand were 86.0% (43/50), and the optimal hand hygiene rates for the auxiliary hand were 90.0% (45/50) and 86.0% (43/50). The bacteria colony counts did not differ between the sampling hands and auxiliary hand. CONCLUSIONS: The dorsal side of the finger and dorsum of the hand were the most likely to be contaminated during oropharyngeal swab collection. Therefore, it is essential to pay extra attention to hand hygiene care of these two sites during the collection process to minimize the risk of cross-contamination. REPORTING METHOD: The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were adopted in this study.

Corrigendum: Persistent activation of autophagy after cisplatin nephrotoxicity promotes renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.918732.].

Efficacy of different doses of corticosteroids in treating severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the efficacy of different doses of corticosteroids in treating severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. METHODS: Between May 01, 2023, and June 20, 2023, 48 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were treated at the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Jinan Fourth People's Hospital. The observation group (21 patients) received standard care and high-dose corticosteroids, (high-dose group). The control group (27 patients) received standard care and low-dose corticosteroids (low-dose group). We collected baseline data and recorded inflammatory marker levels after 3 days of treatment, body temperature recovery time, length of stay, and 28-day all-cause mortality. The results of outpatient follow-up were recorded after 1 month. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in 28-day mortality and length of stay. The number of days it took for body temperature to return to normal in the high-dose group was less than in the low-dose group. The high-dose group had significantly more reduced inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6). A total of 20 discharged patients were given 8-16 mg of methylprednisolone, depending on chest computed tomography (CT) and clinical symptoms after 1 month; in all discharged patients using oral corticosteroids, CT features improved. CONCLUSION: High-dose corticosteroids had a significantly positive effect on the reduction of inflammatory factors and shortening body temperature recovery time. In the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia, early administration of high-dose, short-course corticosteroids should be implemented.

Differential inflammation responses determine the variable phenotypes of epilepsy induced by GABRG2 mutations.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism involved in variable phenotypes of epilepsy models induced by γ-aminobutyric acid type A γ2 subunit (GABRG2) mutations. METHODS: The zebrafish carrying wild-type (WT) GABRG2, mutant GABRG2(P282S), GABRG2(F343L) and GABRG2(I107T) were established by Tol2kit transgenesis system and Gateway method. Behavioral analysis of different transgenic zebrafish was performed with the DanioVision Video-Track framework and the brain activity was analyzed by field potential recording with MD3000 Bio-signal Acquisition and Processing System. The transcriptome analysis was applied to detect the underlying mechanisms of variable phenotypes caused by different GABRG2 mutations. RESULTS: The established Tg(hGABRG2P282S ) zebrafish showed hyperactivity and spontaneous seizures, which were more sensitive to chemical and physical epileptic stimulations. Traditional antiepileptic drugs, such as Clonazepam (CBZ) and valproic acid (VPA), could ameliorate the hyperactivity in Tg(hGABRG2P282S ) zebrafish. The metabolic pathway was significantly changed in the brain transcriptome of Tg(hGABRG2P282S ) zebrafish. In addition, the behavioral activity, production of pro-inflammatory factors, and activation of the IL-2 receptor signal pathway varied among the three mutant zebrafish lines. CONCLUSION: We successfully established transgenic zebrafish epileptic models expressing human mutant GABRG2(P282S), in which CBZ and VPA showed antiepileptic effects. Differential inflammatory responses, especially the SOCS/JAK/STAT signaling pathway, might be related to the phenotypes of genetic epilepsy induced by GABRG2 mutations. Further study will expand the pathological mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and provide a theoretical basis for searching for effective drug treatment.

Ligand-free Pd-catalyzed highly selective arylation of activated and unactivated alkenes via oxidative and reductive heck coupling.

In this work, an eco-friendly, green, efficient approach for oxidative and reductive Heck-Mizoroki (HM) reactions was developed, which offered acceptable yields from first-pass experiments. Mono-arylation was achieved without the use of ligands, directing groups, or prefunctionalized alkenes. Considering mild reaction conditions, good functional group compatibility, and great regioselectivity, the method can find broad applications in novel medicine and material development and discovery processes.

Corrigendum: Moderate-to-high risk of obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with postoperative neurocognitive disorders: a prospective one-year follow-up cohort study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1161279.].

Effect of fear of hypoglycaemia on sleep quality of patients with type 2 mellitus diabetes: The mediating role of alexithymia.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly experience poor sleep quality. This study aimed to investigate whether alexithymia mediates the association between fear of hypoglycaemia (FoH) and sleep quality in patients with T2DM. Methods: From September 2021 to November 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 407 patients with T2DM in China. Data collection was made possible through the administration of the Chinese Version of the Worry Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Multiple linear regression analyses were also performed. Results: A total of 65.6% of the participants were male, and 75.7% were aged 18-40 years. FoH showed a moderate and positive correlation with CPSQI scores (r = 0.308, p < 0.001). Alexithymia was weakly and positively correlated with CPSQI scores (r = 0.185, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, FoH exhibited a moderate and positive correlation with alexithymia (r = 0.422, p < 0.001), and difficulty in identifying (r = 0.414, p < 0.001) and describing feelings (r = 0.416, p < 0.001) and a weak and positive correlation with externally oriented thinking (r = 0.221, p < 0.001). The total effect (ß = 0.408, p < 0.001) of FoH on CPSQI comprised not only the direct (ß = 0.293, 95% confidence interval: 0.174-0.411, p < 0.001) but also the indirect effect (ß = 0.115, p < 0.001) of alexithymia. Conclusions: Alexithymia can mediate the association between FoH and sleep quality. Clinicians should recognize the potential effect of alexithymia and incorporate it in intervention planning and care. Addressing the affective disturbances arising from FoH can enhance emotional expression and sleep quality among T2DM patients.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive α-Chloro-Carbonyl Addition of Ketimine to Construct the ß-Tertiary Amino Acid Analogues.

ß-Tertiary amino acid derivatives constitute one of the most frequently occurring units in natural products and bioactive molecules. However, the efficient asymmetric synthesis of this motif still remains a significant challenge. Herein, we disclose a cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective reductive addition reaction of ketimine using α-chloro carbonyl compound as a radical precursor, providing expedient access to a diverse array of enantioenriched ß-quaternary amino acid analogues. This protocol exhibits outstanding enantioselectivity and broad substrate scope with excellent functional group tolerance. Preliminary mechanism studies rule out the possibility of Reformatsky-type addition and confirm the involvement of radical species in stereoselective addition process. The synthetic utility has been demonstrated through the rapid assembly of iterative amino acid units and oligopeptide, showcasing its versatile platform for late-stage modification of drug candidates.

Patterns of sleep quality and its influence factors: A latent class model among students of medical university in Hubei Province, China.

BACKGROUND: Sleep problem among undergraduate students has become one of the most pressing public health problems. This study aimed to explore the latent class of sleep patterns and the factors affecting sleep in Chinese students of medical university. METHODS: 3423 students participated in the cross-sectional study. The survey consisted of the reduced Morningness-Evening Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II. Latent profile analysis and multinominal logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Three potential sleep categories were identified: "sleep disorder group" (1.87 %), "daytime dysfunction group" (24.42 %), and "good sleep group" (73.71 %). Compared with the "good sleep group," the "sleep disorder group" showed monthly living expenses (RMB) ≥ 3000 yuan (OR) = 13.04), interpersonal relationships as poor (OR = 3.71), health status as poor (OR = 45.09), circadian rhythm as eveningness (OR = 6.17), and poor health-promoting lifestyles (OR = 2.090) as its risk factors (all p < 0.05). Meanwhile, sophomore (OR = 1.75), junior (OR = 1.52), interpersonal relationships as poor (OR = 1.88), health status as poor (OR = 4.62), intermediate-chronotype (OR = 2.19), eveningness chronotype (OR = 5.66), and health-promoting lifestyles as poor (OR = 1.55) were identified as risk factors for the "daytime dysfunction group" (all p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: Causal conclusions can not be drawn and recall bias in data collection. CONCLUSIONS: Significant population heterogeneity was found in the sleep quality. Implementing targeted interventions focusing on circadian rhythm and lifestyle is crucial to improve the sleep quality of students with different conditions.

Estimation of peer effect in university students' employment intentions: randomization evidence from China.

As a key determinant of employment behavior, employment intention is easily affected by the environment, others and their subconsciousness, thus deviating from the optimal decision predicted by the classical economic model. Peers are an important environmental factor that directly affects individual behavior, but their effect on employment intentions has not been fully verified. The paper analyzes the class peer effect on university students' employment intentions using random class assignment data from a central province in China. It is found that positive peer employment behavior has a significant positive effect on university students' employment intentions, and this result remains robust after replacing the proxy variables. Further analysis of the peer effect mechanism reveals that the provision and dissemination of school employment information enhances the peer effect in employment intentions, while the help given by parents and family background weakens the peer effect. The results of the dose effect of the peer effect show that the peer effect tends to increase over time.

Linggui Zhugan decoction delays ventricular remodeling in rats with chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction through the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.

CONTEXT: Traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of heart failure (HF). Linggui Zhugan decoction has been approved for clinical treatment of chronic HF. However, the mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: The effect of Linggui Zhugan decoction on the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in rat myocardium was studied to investigate the mechanism by Linggui Zhugan decoction effects ventricular remodeling in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction. METHOD: A rat model of HF after myocardial infarction was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. After 6 weeks of intervention with Linggui Zhugan decoction, the effect of Linggui Zhugan decoction on the cardiac function of chronic HF model rats was observed. Myocardial infarct size was measured by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure NT-proBNP and sST-2 concentrations in rat serum. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and Masson's trichrome staining were used to observe the morphology of myocardial tissue; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of type I collagen and type III collagen in myocardial tissue; and mRNA expression levels of Wnt3a, GSK-3ß, ß-catenin, and c-Myc in the infarct marginal zone were detected using PCR. Protein expression of Wnt3a, p-GSK-3ß, GSK-3ß, and ß-catenin in the infarct marginal zone was detected using western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the control, Linggui Zhugan decoction reduced the levels of serum ST-2 and NT-proBNP, improved cardiac function, and reduced the deposition of collagen fiber. In addition, Linggui Zhugan decoction inhibited the expression of Wnt3a, p-GSK-3ß, and ß-catenin in cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Linggui Zhugan decoction inhibits the expression of several key proteins in the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway, delays cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis, and improves cardiac function.

Selective Gain in a Periodic Array of Nano-organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

We report nanoscale organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) arranged periodically into a large-area array, which produces an amplified emission with a selected spectrum in a narrow band. These nano-OLEDs share a common active layer of super yellow light-emitting PPV copolymer (SY-PPV), which acts both as a waveguide and as a gain channel for the light-emitting signals. The periodic structure supplies Bragg-like diffraction of the emission from SY-PPV under electrical excitation so that the electroluminescence signal is coupled into and confined in the SY-PPV waveguide. During propagation, the waveguide resonance mode interacts with the nano-OLED region and gains amplification. Both the waveguide resonance mode and the output coupling process have strong spectral selectivity, so that the amplification is observed within a spectrum as narrow as 32 nm at FWHM. Such a nano-OLED design not only defines a new scheme of nano-OLEDs, but also proposes potential approaches for electrically pumped organic lasers.

Trends in innovative pediatric drug development in China based on clinical trial registration data.

In China, the focus of drug research and development has gradually shifted from generic to innovative drugs. Using the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry and Information Transparency Platform, we retrospectively analyzed clinical trials of innovative pediatric drugs conducted in mainland China over the last decade. The goal of this work was to better understand the characteristics of and historical changes in innovative pediatric drug research and development (R&D) in China and to provide effective data support for policy makers and other stakeholders. This study included 198 innovative pediatric drug clinical trials. The data showed that, although some progress has been made in the R&D of innovative pediatric drugs in China, many factors limiting this progress still exist, such as concentrated R&D areas, inadequate pediatric participants, and unbalanced source distributions. The level of innovative pediatric drug R&D in China currently lags behind the global level and has not kept pace with anti-neoplastic drug R&D in China. To promote the innovative development of pediatric drugs in China, the Chinese government must develop an R&D supervision framework, improve the motivation and innovation capabilities of pharmaceutical companies, and optimize the source distribution between regions.

The Mediating Effects of Nutritional Status on the Relationship between Number of Residual Teeth and Cognitive Function among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study.

The underlying mechanisms of the relationship between the number of teeth and cognition is still unclear. We aimed to construct a mediation model between the number of residual teeth and cognitive function, using nutritional status as a mediating factor. This study was completed using the West China Health and Aging Trend cohort. A total of 6634 multi-ethnic older adults, aged 50 years or older, were included. This study measured cognitive function using the Short-Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, and nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. The mediation analysis examined the potential mediating role of nutritional status. The pathway analysis was supplemented and validated using the structural equation modelling framework. Multiple linear regression demonstrated that a higher number of residual teeth was correlated with enhanced cognitive function (ß = -0.15; 95% CI: -0.19 to -0.111). The mediation model, from the number of residual teeth to cognitive impairment, was partially mediated by nutritional status (ß = -0.0608; 95% CI: -0.0762 to -0.0461). The proportion of the mediating effect, expressed as a percentage, was 40.66%. Furthermore, the estimated coefficients for the number of residual teeth and nutritional status varied across ethnic groups. This study indicated that enhancing the nutrition of older adults could reduce the adverse effects of the number of residual teeth on cognitive function among older adults.

Empagliflozin: a potential anticancer drug.

Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, is a highly effective and well-tolerated antidiabetic drug. In addition to hypoglycemic effects, empagliflozin has many other effects, such as being hypotensive and cardioprotective. It also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects in diabetic nephropathy. Several studies have shown that empagliflozin has anticancer effects. SGLT2 is expressed in a variety of cancer cell lines. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin has significant inhibitory effects on certain types of tumor cells, such as inhibition of proliferation, migration and induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, empagliflozin has promising applications in cancer therapy as a drug for the treatment of diabetes and heart failure. This article provides a brief review of the anticancer effects of empagliflozin.

Moderate-to-high risk of obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with postoperative neurocognitive disorders: a prospective one-year follow-up cohort study.

Background: Few studies found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be related to postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) including postoperative delirium (POD) and cognitive decline (POCD) in the early postoperative period. However, the results are controversial and need further verification, and no research has explored the effect of OSA on the incidence of PND during the 1-year follow-up periods. Furthermore, OSA patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) as a severe phenotype have more significant neurocognitive impairments, but the relationship between OSA with EDS and PND within 1 year after surgery has not been studied. Objectives: To explore the effect of moderate-to-high risk of OSA and the moderate-to-high risk of OSA with EDS on PND within 1 year after surgery. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, including 227 older patients, moderate-to-high risk of OSA (using STOP-BANG), subjective EDS (using Epworth Sleepiness Scale), and objective EDS (using Actigraphy) were selected as exposures. Key outcomes included POD during hospitalization (using Confusion Assessment Method-Severity), POCD at discharge, 1-month and 1-year after surgery (using Mini-Mental State Examination and Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-40). We applied multiple logistic regression models to estimate the effect of moderate-to-high risk of OSA and moderate-to-high risk of OSA with EDS on PND. Results: In the multivariate analysis, moderate-to-high risk of OSA was not associated with POD during hospitalization and POCD at discharge, 1-month, and 1-year after surgery (p > 0.05). However, the moderate-to-high risk of OSA with subjective EDS was related to POCD at discharge compared to the moderate-to-high risk of OSA or normal group (no moderate-to-high risk of OSA and no EDS) (p < 0.05). In addition, moderate-to-high risk of OSA with objective EDS was associated with POCD at discharge, 1-month, and 1-year postoperatively compared to the moderate-to-high risk of OSA or normal group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Moderate-to-high risk of OSA with EDS, not moderate-to-high risk of OSA alone, was a clinically helpful predictor for POCD within 1-year after surgery and should be routinely assessed before surgery.