High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation combined with hysteroscopy for the treatment of uterine arteriovenous fistula associated with retained products of conception: a prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combining high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation with hysteroscopic removal of retained products of conception in the presence of a uterine arteriovenous fistula (UAVF). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study SETTING: Tertiary hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 17 patients with UAVF and retained products of conception. INTERVENTIONS: HIFU ablation combined with hysteroscopic removal of retained products of conception RESULTS: All patients presented with irregular vaginal bleeding following pregnancy termination and not responsive to medical treatment. Patients were confirmed to have a UAVF along with concurrent intrauterine residue using three-dimensional color Doppler ultrasonography, uterine angiography, or pelvic-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; and demonstrated a poor response to medical treatment. Under real-time ultrasound guidance, HIFU was used to ablate the arteriovenous malformation region. Patients underwent hysteroscopic removal of retained products of conception; the removed tissue was subjected to pathological examination. All patients underwent monthly uterine color Doppler ultrasound examinations and menstrual status follow-up within 3 months postoperatively and showed normal menstrual recovery without signs of arteriovenous malformations on ultrasonography. Pathological examination of the tissues removed during hysteroscopic clearance revealed characteristics consistent with pregnancy, with abnormal blood vessels in some tissues. All patients experienced normal menstrual recovery postoperatively, without intrauterine adhesions. CONCLUSION: Combining HIFU ablation with postoperative hysteroscopic surgery effectively treats pregnancy related UAVF with minimal complications, preserves fertility; it offers an additional treatment option for patients wanting future fertility.

Association of serum calcium levels with diabetic kidney disease in normocalcemic type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study.

To explore the association between serum calcium levels within normal ranges and Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) in type 2 diabetes patients. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed clinical data from type 2 diabetes patients admitted to the Endocrinology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 1, 2021, to December 1, 2022. We measured serum calcium levels, corrected for albumin, and screened for diabetes-related complications, including DKD. The association between corrected serum calcium levels and DKD was evaluated using logistic regression, with adjustments made for potential confounders and a generalized additive model (GAM) to explore non-linear relationships, supplemented by subgroup analyses. Among the 3016 patients (52.55% male, 47.45% female), the mean corrected serum calcium was 2.29 ± 0.08 mmol/L. DKD was present in 38.73% of patients. A 0.1 mmol/L increase in corrected serum calcium was associated with a 44% increased risk of DKD (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.28-1.61, p < 0.0001). The GAM indicated a linear relationship between corrected serum calcium and DKD risk, consistent across subgroups. Corrected serum calcium levels were linearly associated with DKD risk in type 2 diabetes patients, underlining its potential role in risk assessment. These findings emphasize the clinical importance of monitoring serum calcium levels. However, the need for further prospective studies to confirm these findings is underscored by the study's cross-sectional design.

Current antiviral agents against human adenoviruses associated with respiratory infections.

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are important pathogens responsible for respiratory infections. In children and immunocompromised patients, respiratory infections can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are no approved effective and safe antiviral therapeutics for the clinical treatment of HAdV infections, even those that have undergone preclinical/clinical trials. However, many compounds and molecules with anti-HAdV activity have been explored, and some candidates are undergoing clinical development. Here, we reviewed the reported in vitro and in vivo efficacies, as well as the therapeutic potential of these antiviral compounds, providing an overview and a summary of the current status of anti-HAdV drug development.

MAPK signaling pathway induced LOX-1+ polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in biliary atresia.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe pediatric liver disease characterized by progressive bile duct destruction and fibrosis, leading to significant liver damage and frequently necessitating liver transplantation. This study elucidates the role of LOX-1+ polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in BA pathogenesis and assesses their potential as non-invasive early diagnostic biomarkers. Using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and molecular profiling, we analyzed the expression and activity of these cells in peripheral blood and liver tissues from BA patients and controls. Our findings reveal a significant increase in the frequencies and function of LOX-1+PMN-MDSCs in BA patients, along with MAPK signaling pathway upregulation, indicating their involvement in disease mechanisms. Additionally, the frequencies of LOX-1+PMN-MDSC in peripheral blood significantly positively correlate with liver function parameters in BA patients, demonstrating diagnostic performance comparable to traditional serum markers. These findings suggest that LOX-1+PMN-MDSCs contribute to the immunosuppressive environment in BA and could serve as potential diagnostic targets.

4-Hydroxynonenal Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression through Regulating Cancer Stem Cell Fate.

AIMS: Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in sustaining cancer stem cells (CSCs). 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is abundantly present in the TME of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the contribution of 4-HNE to CSCs and cancer progression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of 4-HNE on the regulation of CSC fate and tumor progression. METHODS: Human CRC cells were exposed to 4-HNE, and CSC signaling was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescent staining, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and bioinformatic analysis. Tumor-promoting role of 4-HNE was confirmed using a xenograft model. RESULTS: Exposure of CRC cells to 4-HNE activated non-canonical Hedgehog (HH) signaling and homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathways in LGR5+ CSCs. Furthermore, blocking HH signaling led to a significant increase in the expression of γH2AX, indicating that 4-HNE induces double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) and simultaneously activates HH signaling to protect CSCs from 4-HNE-induced damage via the HRR pathway. Additionally, 4-HNE treatment increased the population of LGR5+ CSCs and promoted asymmetric division in these cells, leading to enhanced self-renewal and differentiation. Notably, 4-HNE also promoted xenograft tumor growth and activated CSC signaling in vivo. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that 4-HNE, as a signaling inducer in the TME, activates the non-canonical HH pathway to shield CSCs from oxidative damage, enhances the proliferation and asymmetric division of LGR5+ CSCs, and thereby facilitates tumor growth. These novel insights shed light on the regulation of CSC fate within the oxidative TME, offering potential implications for understanding and targeting CSCs for CRC therapy.

A multi-center study on genetic variations in the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus from children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in China during 2017-2021.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in children under five years of age. Between 2017 and 2021, 396 complete sequences of the RSV F gene were obtained from 500 RSV-positive throat swabs collected from ten hospitals across nine provinces in China. In addition, 151 sequences from China were sourced from GenBank and GISAID, making a total of 549 RSV F gene sequences subjected to analysis. Phylogenetic and genetic diversity analyses revealed that the RSV F genes circulating in China from 2017 to 2021 have remained relatively conserved, although some amino acids (AAs) have undergone changes. AA mutations with frequencies ≥ 10% were identified at six sites and the p27 region: V384I (site I), N276S (site II), R213S (site Ø), and K124N (p27) for RSV A; F45L (site I), M152I/L172Q/S173L/I185V/K191R (site V), and R202Q/I206M/Q209R (site Ø) for RSV B. Comparing mutational frequencies in RSV-F before and after 2020 revealed minor changes for RSV A, while the K191R, I206M, and Q209R frequencies increased by over 10% in RSV B. Notably, the nirsevimab-resistant mutation, S211N in RSV B, increased in frequency from 0% to 1.15%. Both representative strains aligned with the predicted RSV-F structures of their respective prototypes exhibited similar conformations, with low root-mean-square deviation values. These results could provide foundational data from China for the development of RSV mAbs and vaccines.

Impact of Organic Anions on Metal Hydroxide Oxygen Evolution Catalysts.

Structural metamorphosis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) eliciting highly active metal-hydroxide catalysts has come to the fore lately, with much promise. However, the role of organic ligands leaching into electrolytes during alkaline hydrolysis remains unclear. Here, we elucidate the influence of organic carboxylate anions on a family of Ni or NiFe-based hydroxide type catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction. After excluding interfering variables, i.e., electrolyte purity, Ohmic loss, and electrolyte pH, the experimental results indicate that adding organic anions to the electrolyte profoundly impacts the redox potential of the Ni species versus with only a negligible effect on the oxygen evolution activities. In-depth studies demonstrate plausible reasons behind those observations and allude to far-reaching implications in controlling electrocatalysis in MOFs, mainly where compositional modularity entails fine-tuning organic anions.

Introgression of tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum 6EL segments enhances the stripe rust resistance of adult wheat plants.

Preventing the widespread occurrence of stripe rust in wheat largely depends on the identification of new stripe rust resistance genes and the breeding of cultivars with durable resistance. In previous study, we reported 6E of wheat-tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum 6E (6D) substitution line contains adult-stage stripe rust resistance genes. In this study, three novel wheat-tetraploid Th. elongatum translocation lines were generated from the offspring of a cross between common wheat and the 6E (6D) substitution line. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization chromosome painting (FISH painting), repetitive sequential FISH, and 55 K SNP analyses indicated that K227-48, K242-82, and K246-6 contained 42 chromosomes and were 6DL·6ES, 2DL·6EL, and 6DS·6EL translocation lines, respectively. The assessment of stripe rust resistance revealed that K227-48 was susceptible to a mixture of Pst races, whereas the 6EL lines K242-82 and K246-6 were highly resistance to stripe rust at the adult stage. Thus, this resistance was due to the chromosome arm 6EL of tetraploid Th. elongatum. The improved agronomic performance of 6DS·6EL translocation line may be a useful novel germplasm resource for wheat breeding programs. For the application of marker-assisted selection (MAS), 47 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed, showing specific amplification on the chromosome 6E using the whole-genome sequence of diploid Th. elongatum. The 6DS·6EL translocation line and SSR markers have the potential to be deploy for future stripe rust resistance wheat breeding program. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01493-6.

Development of preoperative nomograms to predict the risk of overall and multifocal positive surgical margin after radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To develop preoperative nomograms using risk factors based on clinicopathological and MRI for predicting the risk of positive surgical margin (PSM) after radical prostatectomy (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively enrolled patients who underwent prostate MRI before RP at our center between January 2015 and November 2022. Preoperative clinicopathological factors and MRI-based features were recorded for analysis. The presence of PSM (overall PSM [oPSM]) at pathology and the multifocality of PSM (mPSM) were evaluated. LASSO regression was employed for variable selection. For the final model construction, logistic regression was applied combined with the bootstrap method for internal verification. The risk probability of individual patients was visualized using a nomogram. RESULTS: In all, 259 patients were included in this study, and 76 (29.3%) patients had PSM, including 40 patients with mPSM. Final multivariate logistic regression revealed that the independent risk factors for oPSM were tumor diameter, frank extraprostatic extension, and annual surgery volume (all p < 0.05), and the nomogram for oPSM reached an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.717 in development and 0.716 in internal verification. The independent risk factors for mPSM included the percentage of positive cores, tumor diameter, apex depth, and annual surgery volume (all p < 0.05), and the AUC of the nomogram for mPSM was 0.790 in both development and internal verification. The calibration curve analysis showed that these nomograms were well-calibrated for both oPSM and mPSM. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed nomograms showed good performance and were feasible in predicting oPSM and mPSM, which might facilitate more individualized management of prostate cancer patients who are candidates for surgery.

Diterpenoids target SARS-CoV-2 RdRp from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.

Introduction: Currently, the development of new antiviral drugs against COVID-19 remains of significant importance. In traditional Chinese medicine, the herb Euphorbia fischeriana Steud is often used for antiviral treatment, yet its therapeutic effect against the COVID-19 has been scarcely studied. Therefore, this study focuses on the roots of E. fischeriana Steud, exploring its chemical composition, antiviral activity against COVID-19, and the underlying basis of its antiviral activity. Methods: Isolation and purification of phytochemicals from E. fischeriana Steud. The elucidation of their configurations was achieved through a comprehensive suite of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses as well as X-ray diffraction. Performed cytopathic effect assays of SARS-CoV-2 using Vero E6 cells. Used molecular docking to screen for small molecule ligands with binding to SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) was used to determine the dissociation constant Kd. Results: Ultimately, nine new ent-atisane-type diterpenoid compounds were isolated from E. fischeriana Steud, named Eupfisenoids A-I (compounds 1-9). The compound of 1 was established as a C-19-degraded ent-atisane-type diterpenoid. During the evaluation of these compounds for their antiviral activity against COVID-19, compound 1 exhibited significant antiviral activity. Furthermore, with the aid of computer virtual screening and microscale thermophoresis (MST) technology, it was found that this compound could directly bind to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, NSP12) of the COVID-19, a key enzyme in virus replication. This suggests that the compound inhibits virus replication by targeting RdRp. Discussion: Through this research, not only has our understanding of the antiviral components and material basis of E. fischeriana Steud been enriched, but also the potential of atisane-type diterpenoid compounds as antiviral agents against COVID-19 has been discovered. The findings mentioned above will provide valuable insights for the development of drugs against COVID-19.

Development of a Robust Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain for Efficient Co-Fermentation of Mixed Sugars and Enhanced Inhibitor Tolerance through Protoplast Fusion.

The economical and efficient commercial production of second-generation bioethanol requires fermentation microorganisms capable of entirely and rapidly utilizing all sugars in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. In this study, we developed a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, BLH510, through protoplast fusion and metabolic engineering to enhance its ability to co-ferment glucose, xylose, cellobiose, and xylooligosaccharides while tolerating various inhibitors commonly found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. The parental strains, LF1 and BLN26, were selected for their superior glucose/xylose co-fermentation capabilities and inhibitor tolerance, respectively. The fusion strain BLH510 demonstrated efficient utilization of mixed sugars and high ethanol yield under oxygen-limited conditions. Under low inoculum conditions, strain BLH510 could completely consume all four kinds of sugars in the medium within 84 h. The fermentation produced 33.96 g/L ethanol, achieving 84.3% of the theoretical ethanol yield. Despite the challenging presence of mixed inhibitors, BLH510 successfully metabolized all four sugars above after 120 h of fermentation, producing approximately 30 g/L ethanol and reaching 83% of the theoretical yield. Also, strain BLH510 exhibited increased intracellular trehalose content, particularly under conditions with mixed inhibitors, where the intracellular trehalose reached 239.3 mg/g yeast biomass. This elevated trehalose content contributes to the enhanced stress tolerance of BLH510. The study also optimized conditions for protoplast preparation and fusion, balancing high preparation efficiency and satisfactory regeneration efficiency. The results indicate that BLH510 is a promising candidate for industrial second-generation bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, offering improved performance under challenging fermentation conditions. Our work demonstrates the potential of combining protoplast fusion and metabolic engineering to develop superior S. cerevisiae strains for lignocellulosic bioethanol production. This approach can also be extended to develop robust microbial platforms for producing a wide array of lignocellulosic biomass-based biochemicals.

Encapsulation of Immobilized ß-Glucosidase with Calcium Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Stability in Hydrolysis of Cellobiose.

ß-Glucosidase (ß-G) holds promising applications in various fields, such as biomass energy, food, pharmaceuticals, and environmental protection, yet its industrial application is still limited by issues of stability and recycling. Herein, we first immobilized ß-G onto the surface of magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (MCS/ß-G) through adsorption methods. Subsequently, utilizing the metal-organic framework (MOF), CaBDC, which possesses good stability under acidic conditions, we encapsulated MCS/ß-G. The resulting biocatalyst (MCS/ß-G@CaBDC) exhibited excellent activity and recyclability. MCS/ß-G@CaBDC can convert 91.5% of cellobiose to glucose in 60 min and maintained 81.9% activity after 10 cycles. The apparent Km value of MCS/ß-G@CaBDC was 0.148 mM, lower than free ß-G (0.166 mM) and MCS/ß-G (0.173 mM). The CaBDC layer increased the mass transfer resistance of the reaction but also triggered structural rearrangement of ß-G during the encapsulation process. This resulted in the ß-sheet content rising to 68.4%, which, in turn, contributed to enhancing the rigidity of ß-G. Moreover, the saturated magnetic strength of this biocatalyst could reach 37.3 emu/g, facilitating its magnetic recovery. The biocatalyst prepared in this study exhibits promising application prospects, and the immobilization method can provide valuable insights into the field of enzyme immobilization.

Potential SARS-CoV-2 Mpro steroid inhibitors from Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. N. Parker.

Herein, six previously undescribed steroids (1-6), were isolated from leaves and twigs of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. N. Parker (Meliaceae). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and IR. Antiviral activity of these compounds were evaluated. Compounds 1-6 showed varying degrees of inhibitory activity against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro) at 200 µM.

Transformation of antibiotics to non-toxic and non-bactericidal products by laccases ensure the safety of Stropharia rugosoannulata.

The substantial use of antibiotics contributes to the spread and evolution of antibiotic resistance, posing potential risks to food production systems, including mushroom production. In this study, the potential risk of antibiotics to Stropharia rugosoannulata, the third most productive straw-rotting mushroom in China, was assessed, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Tetracycline exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations (<500 µg/L) did not influence the growth of S. rugosoannulata mycelia, while high concentrations of tetracycline (>500 mg/L) slightly inhibited its growth. Biodegradation was identified as the main antibiotic removal mechanism in S. rugosoannulata, with a degradation rate reaching 98.31 % at 200 mg/L tetracycline. High antibiotic removal efficiency was observed with secreted proteins of S. rugosoannulata, showing removal efficiency in the order of tetracyclines > sulfadiazines > quinolones. Antibiotic degradation products lost the ability to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, and tetracycline degradation products could not confer a growth advantage to antibiotic-resistant strains. Two laccases, SrLAC1 and SrLAC9, responsible for antibiotic degradation were identified based on proteomic analysis. Eleven antibiotics from tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and quinolones families could be transformed by these two laccases with degradation rates of 95.54-99.95 %, 54.43-100 %, and 5.68-57.12 %, respectively. The biosafety of the antibiotic degradation products was evaluated using the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST), revealing a decreased toxicity or no toxic effect. None of the S. rugosoannulata fruiting bodies from seven provinces in China contained detectable antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). This study demonstrated that S. rugosoannulata can degrade antibiotics into non-toxic and non-bactericidal products that do not accelerate the spread of antibiotic resistance, ensuring the safety of S. rugosoannulata production.

Oral behaviors and anxiety are significant predictors of jaw function limitation in patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe jaw function characteristics in patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWoR) using the jaw function limitation scale (JFLS), and to investigate the effects of biopsychosocial risk factors on limited jaw function. DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study of 636 patients with ADDWoR (females, 568; males, 68), we used the JFLS to assess jaw function. Behavioral, psychological, sociodemographic, and biomedical data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors affecting limited jaw function. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive effect of these risk factors. RESULTS: ADDWoR-associated limitations included restricted jaw mobility and mastication, which exceeded median global functional limitations scale scores, especially mouth opening to bite an apple and chewing tough food. Females had greater limitations in jaw mobility, verbal and emotional communication, and overall. Multivariate logistic regression analysis findings indicated that oral behaviors, anxiety, sex, pain intensity, and maximal mouth opening (MMO) were predictive of limited jaw function (area under the curve, 72 %). CONCLUSION: Patients with ADDWoR reported mastication and jaw mobility restrictions, with females having more pronounced limitations, and specific risk factors identified as significant predictors of jaw function limitations. Along with pain relief and improvement in MMO, appropriate psychological counseling and oral behavioral correction facilitates recovery of jaw function in such patients.

Simultaneous ST-elevation in lead augmented vector right (aVR) and III in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes.

Background: The value of ST-elevation in lead augmented vector right (aVR) remains controversial in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the association of simultaneous ST-elevation in lead aVR and III with angiographic findings and clinical outcomes in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS). Methods: In this observational study, patients who had been diagnosed with NSTEACS and presented with ST-elevation in lead aVR and without ST-elevation in any other two contiguous leads were enrolled from January 2018 to June 2019. Demographic, baseline clinical, angiographic and interventional characteristics as well as clinical outcomes were collected and recorded on standardized case report forms. Results: A total of 157 patients meeting the criteria were finally enrolled in this study and classified into two groups according to the presence of ST-elevation in lead III. Patients in the two groups were similar in average age and previous history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular diseases (all P>0.05). Patients with ST-elevation in lead III tended to present with myocardial hypertrophy in the echocardiography (P=0.02). The cases with ST-elevation in lead III showed higher high sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT; P=0.08) and creatinine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB; P<0.01) whereas those without ST-elevation in lead III showed higher N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; P=0.02). Of note, patients with ST-elevation in lead III presented with more ST-depression in multiple leads [especially in lead I, augmented vector left (aVL), V3-V6] as well as higher degree of ST-depression (all P<0.05) and were more likely to develop multi-vessel and left main trunk (LM) lesions (P=0.04), with 20% of the cases having a LM lesion and 60% having triple vessel lesions. Patients with ST-elevation in lead III were at increased risk of 3-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), despite no significant statistical difference between the two groups (hazard ratio =1.29; P=0.26). Conclusions: The NSTEACS cases with simultaneous ST-elevation in lead III and aVR tended to present with more multiple leads with ST-depression, higher degree of ST-depression, and more LM or multi-vessel lesions, suggesting a broader range of severe myocardial ischemia. The concurrent presentation of ST-elevation in lead III and aVR may play a vital role in the diagnosis, risk-stratification, and prediction of poor prognosis during the management of NSTEACS patients.

Reactivity-matched synthesis of monodisperse Ag(In,Ga)S2 QDs with efficient luminescence.

I-III-VI quantum dots (QDs) have gained widespread attention owing to their significant advantages of non-toxicity, large structural tolerance, and efficient photoluminescence potential. However, the disbalance of reactivity between the elements will result in undesired products and compromised optical properties. Reducing the activity of highly reactive group IB elements is the most common approach, but it will reduce the overall reactivity and lead to a wide dispersion of QD sizes. In this study, we propose a method to improve the overall reactivity of the reaction system using the highly active IIIA precursor InI3, which triggers rapid nucleation and promotes the formation of Ag(In,Ga)S2 (AIGS) QDs, resulting in monodisperse particle size distributions and a significantly improved photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) (from 12% to 72%). Furthermore, narrow band edge emission is realized by coating a gallium sulfide (GaSx) shell on the basis of obtaining high-quality AIGS QDs. The core/shell QDs exhibit a 90% PLQY with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of only 31 nm at 530 nm. This study provides a viable design strategy to synthesize monodisperse AIGS QDs with a narrow peak width and efficient luminescence, promoting the application of AIGS QDs in the field of luminescent displays.

Mass Spectrometry Imaging Combined with Sparse Autoencoder Method Reveals Altered Phosphorylcholine Distribution in Imipramine Treated Wild-Type Mice Brains.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is essential for visualizing drug distribution, metabolites, and significant biomolecules in pharmacokinetic studies. This study mainly focuses on imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant that affects endogenous metabolite concentrations. The aim was to use atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-MALDI)-MSI combined with different dimensionality reduction methods to examine the distribution and impact of imipramine on endogenous metabolites in the brains of treated wild-type mice. Brain sections from both control and imipramine-treated mice underwent AP-MALDI-MSI. Dimensionality reduction methods, including principal component analysis, multivariate curve resolution, and sparse autoencoder (SAE), were employed to extract valuable information from the MSI data. Only the SAE method identified phosphorylcholine (ChoP) as a potential marker distinguishing between the control and treated mice brains. Additionally, a significant decrease in ChoP accumulation was observed in the cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, midbrain, caudate putamen, and striatum ventral regions of the treated mice brains. The application of dimensionality reduction methods, particularly the SAE method, to the AP-MALDI-MSI data is a novel approach for peak selection in AP-MALDI-MSI data analysis. This study revealed a significant decrease in ChoP in imipramine-treated mice brains.

Analysis of an adult diabetes mellitus caused by a rare mutation of the gene: A case report.

BACKGROUND: This study presents the clinical and genetic mutation characteristics of an unusual case of adult-onset diabetes mellitus occurring in adolescence, featuring a unique mutation in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene. Data Access Statement: Research data supporting this publication are available from the NN repository at www.NNN.org/download/. CASE SUMMARY: The methodology employed entailed meticulous collection of comprehensive clinical data from the probands and their respective family members. Additionally, high-throughput sequencing was conducted to analyze the PPARG genes of the patient, her siblings, and their offspring. The results of this investigation revealed that the patient initially exhibited elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy, accompanied by insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia. Furthermore, these strains displayed increased susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease without any discernible aggregation patterns. The results from the gene detection process demonstrated a heterozygous mutation of guanine (G) at position 284 in the coding region of exon 2 of PPARG, which replaced the base adenine (A) (exon2c.284A>Gp.Tyr95Cys). This missense mutation resulted in the substitution of tyrosine with cysteine at the 95th position of the translated protein. Notably, both of her siblings harbored a nucleotide heterozygous variation at the same site, and both were diagnosed with diabetes. CONCLUSION: The PPARG gene mutation, particularly the p.Tyr95Cys mutation, may represent a newly identified subtype of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. This subtype is characterized by insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders.

Granting analysis of the credit financing of the platform-type highway transportation supply chain.

Against the background of digital development, this study's research object is the platform-based highway transportation supply chain. It also analyzes two modes of supply chain financial credit financing, namely, upstream, and downstream enterprises of the platform, and network freight platform as the main financing body. Notably, the financial provider sets up a transaction credit based on the principle of business truth, and closed-loop transactions, determine the upper limit of the credit line based on the principle of financing self-compensation, build the expected profit maximization model, and establish the optimal credit line. Combined with the Highway Freight Index and Logistics Prosperity Index, the dynamic early warning value is established for the financing mode, where the platform as the main financing body. Through numerical analysis, the credit line and expected profit increase with the transaction credit, expected freight volume, and credit interest rate under the two modes, and the increase deriving from the credit interest rate is more significant. Finally, this paper describes the two-dimensional credit matrix of the financing subject via transaction credit and credit interest rate, which provides an intuitive credit reference for financial institutions to conduct the credit financing of the platform-based highway transportation supply chain.