Oceanobacillus picturae alleviates cadmium stress and promotes growth in soybean seedlings.

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that significantly impacts human health and the environment. Microorganisms play a crucial role in reducing heavy metal stress in plants; however, the mechanisms by which microorganisms enhance plant tolerance to Cd stress and the interplay between plants and microorganisms under such stress remain unclear. In this study, Oceanobacillus picturae (O. picturae) was isolated for interaction with soybean seedlings under Cd stress. Results indicated that Cd treatment alone markedly inhibited soybean seedling growth. Conversely, inoculation with O. picturae significantly improved growth indices such as plant height, root length, and fresh weight, while also promoting recovery in soil physiological indicators and pH. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identified 157 genes related to aspartic acid, cysteine, and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Sixty-three microbial species were significantly associated with metabolites in these pathways, including pathogenic, adversity-resistant, and bioconductive bacteria. This research experimentally demonstrates, for the first time, the growth-promoting effect of the O. picturae strain on soybean seedlings under non-stress conditions. It also highlights its role in enhancing root growth and reducing Cd accumulation in the roots under Cd stress. Additionally, through the utilization of untargeted metabolomics, metagenomics, and transcriptomics for a multi-omics analysis, we investigated the impact of O. picturae on the soil microbiome and its correlation with differential gene expression in plants. This innovative approach unveils the molecular mechanisms underlying O. picturae's promotion of root growth and adaptation to Cd stress.

Underwater blue-green LED communication using a double-layered, curved compound-eye optical system.

Optical receiving systems with single-lens structures have problems such as low receiving efficiency and small field of view when applied to underwater optical wireless communication systems. In this study, a design scheme for a double-layered fly-eye-lens optical system with wide-angle focusing is proposed. Based on the analysis of the LED light source transmission model and seawater channel, the optical-power receiving equation of the fly-eye lens system is deduced. The fly-eye-lens receiving system was designed and simulated using Zemax according to the geometrical optics principle of the lens array. An experimental device for measuring the insertion loss and receiving efficiency of an underwater blue-green LED communication system was built, and the optical power of the receiving optical system was experimentally measured. For the link distances of 1, 3, and 5 m, the received optical power of the double-layered-compound eye system was higher than that of the single-layered system, with a power increase of 72%, 65%, and 60%, respectively. The results show that the double-layered fly-eye-lens receiving antenna can significantly improve the optical power received by the receiving end; therefore, this antenna structure has strong practicability and good development prospects in the field of underwater optical wireless communication.

A new chromone from Angelica polymorpha with cytotoxic activity.

A new chromone polymorchromone B was isolated and characterized from the roots of Angelica polymorpha Maxim, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. On the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, and hydrolysis followed by chromatographic analysis, the structure of the new chromone was elucidated as 5-hydroxy-2-[(angeloyloxy)methyl]-2'-(dimethyl)-3'-(2S,3S-epoxy-2-methylbutanoate)-dihydropyran [3',2':6,7]chromone. Moreover, it was found that polymorchromone B showed remarkable cytotoxic activity against A-549 cell lines.

[Inhibition of HBsAg and HBeAg expression by shRNA expressing vectors targeting HBV s and e gene].

AIM: To constructed the shRNA expressing vectors targeting HBsAg gene and HBeAg gene of HBV, Pgs1, Pgs2, Pgs3 and psiHBV4, psiHBV6 in order to prove their inhibitation on the HBV antigen expression in outlive HepG2. 2. 15 cells. METHODS: PTZ was used as negative control, both the shRNA expressing vectors targeting HBsAg and HBEAg gene of HBV was together transfected into HepG-2. 2. 15 cells with different combinations, and detected the expression liquid and the cultivated supernatant with MEIA after 24 h. RESULT: The group transfecting psiHbv4 and PgS2, psiHBV4 and PgS3 could significantly inhibit HBsAg and HBeAg expression compared with control group (P < 0.05) in the cell disruption liquid and the cultivated supernatant. But the group transfecting psiHBV5 and PgS1, psiHBV6 and PgS3 cannot significantly inhibit HBeAg expression (P > 0.05) in the cell disruption liquid. CONCLUSION: The shRNA expressing vectors targeting HBsAg and HBeAg gene of HBV psiHBV4 and PgS2, psiHBV4 and HBeS3 could significantly inhibit the antigen expression of HBV than only one.

[Studies on chemical constituents from roots of Angelica polymorpha].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Angelica polymorpha. METHOD: Silica gel column chromatography was employed for the isolation and purification of chemical constituents. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence. RESULT: Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as follows, 5-hydroxy-2-[(angeloyloxy) methyl] furan [3', 2': 6, 7] chromone (1), octacosanoic acid (2), isoimperatorin (3), 3'S-(-)-O-acetylhamaudol (4), bergapten (5), iso-oxypeucedanin (6), beta-sitosterol (7), angeliticin A (8) , saxalin (9), pabulenol (10), noreugenin (11), oxypeucedanin hydrate (12), daucosterol (13), sucrose (14). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a new chromone, named polymorchromone A. Compounds 2, 4, 11, 13, 14 were isolated from A. polymorpha for the first time.