Mini-review: Evaluation and Management of Retroperitoneal Masses in Patients with Testicular Cancer.

Testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs) account for the majority of testicular malignancies. Seminomas and nonseminomas differ in prognosis and management strategies. While cisplatin-based chemotherapy has significantly improved survival rates, identification of residual masses after chemotherapy is crucial for determining further treatment and survival. For seminomas, spontaneous resolution of residual masses occurs in a significant percentage of cases. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) is recommended for evaluation of residual masses after chemotherapy. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) offers therapeutic benefits but is challenging because of an increase in desmoplasia after chemotherapy. For nonseminomas, residual masses are common after chemotherapy, with surgical resection necessary for masses larger than 1 cm. FDG PET has limited utility, and timely surgical intervention is crucial for favourable outcomes. Teratoma, if left unresected, can lead to serious complications, including growing teratoma syndrome, malignant transformation, and late relapse. Extraretroperitoneal residual masses, particularly those containing teratoma, are associated with poorer prognosis. Surgical resection remains the mainstay treatment, with significantly higher progression-free and recurrence-free survival rates for fibrosis/necrosis in comparison to teratoma or viable cancer. Understanding the characteristics and management of residual masses after chemotherapy is paramount for optimising treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes in testicular GCT. PATIENT SUMMARY: We reviewed treatment options for patients with testicular cancer who still have tumour tissue in the lower abdomen after chemotherapy. Surgical removal of the tumour is the main option; removal of lymph nodes can also help, but may be difficult because of tissue reactions to chemotherapy. Survival rates differ according to the tumour type and are lower for tumours beyond the lower abdomen.

Effects of physical processing on food protein allergenicity: A focus on differences between animal and alternative proteins.

In recent years, physical technologies have been widely employed to reduce food protein allergenicity due to their simplicity and stability. This paper summarizes recent research advances in these technologies, focusing on differences in their effects on allergenicity between animal and alternative proteins. The mechanisms of allergenicity reduction and the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies were compared. It was found that heating, although affording better allergenicity reduction than non-thermal treatment technologies, affects other properties of the food. Because of their higher molecular weights and more complex structures, animal proteins are less affected by physical technologies than alternative proteins. It is worth noting that there is a scarcity of existing technology to reduce the allergenicity of food proteins, and more technologies should be explored for this purpose. In addition, better allergenicity-reducing processing technologies should be designed from the perspectives of processing conditions, technological innovations, and combined processing technologies in the future.

Efficacy and safety of aspirin in venous thromboembolism prevention after total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty or fracture.

Background: This study aims to analyse the efficacy and safety of aspirin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or fracture. Patients and methods: Two independent investigators searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2000 to June 2023 to retrieve randomized control trials (RCTs) about aspirin in VTE prevention after arthroplasty or fracture. Then, the relative risk (RR) was utilized to evaluate its efficiency and safety. Results: A total of 16 RCTs with 27,864 patients were included. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis (RR: 1.31, p = 0.100), pulmonary embolism (RR:1.05, p = 0.850), VTE (RR:1.28, p = 0.290), major bleeding (RR:0.96, p = 0.900), and death (RR:1.01, p = 0.960) between the aspirin group and the anticoagulants group. Subgroup analysis showed that a relatively higher incidence of deep-vein thrombosis in patients undergoing TKA (RR:1.49, p = 0.030), fracture (RR:1.48, p = 0.001), patients receiving 81 mg aspirin twice daily (RR:1.48, p = 0.001) and patients from North America (RR:1.57, p<0.001) when comparing aspirin with anticoagulants. Meanwhile, the incidence of VTE was higher in patients receiving 100 mg aspirin once daily (RR:1.82, p<0.001) compared with anticoagulants. Additionally, the incidence of all bleeding (RR:2.00, p = 0.030) was higher in patients receiving aspirin in Asia compared with anticoagulants. Conclusions: In terms of clinical effectiveness and safety, aspirin (antiplatelet agent) was generally not inferior to anticoagulants in the prevention of VTE after THA, TKA, or fracture. Notably, the clinical effectiveness of aspirin was affected by different surgical types, the doses of aspirin and races.

Effects of Metformin on CIMT and FMD in PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to analyze the efficacy of metformin on carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to December 2023 was conducted. Then, after studies selection and data extraction, the mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate metformin efficacy in CIMT and FMD for PCOS patients. Heterogeneity was investigated through subgroup and sensitivity analysis. The protocol of our study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024497239). RESULTS: A total of 12 studies with 248 patients were included. CIMT was lower in the endpoint group (after metformin) compared with the baseline group (before metformin) (MD = -0.11, 95% CI = -0.21 to -0.01, p = 0.04). FMD was higher in the endpoint group compared with the baseline group (MD = 3.25, 95% CI = 1.85 to 4.66, p < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was observed in nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) between the two groups (MD = 0.65, p = 0.51). Subgroup analysis showed that a relatively lower MD of CIMT in PCOS patients from Europe in the endpoint group compared with the baseline group (MD = -0.09, 95% CI = -0.14 to -0.04, p < 0.001). However, the MD in CIMT was not significantly different between the endpoint group and baseline group in PCOS patients from Asia (p = 0.270). CONCLUSION: Metformin may have a beneficial effect on CIMT and FMD, but not on NMD, suggesting that metformin may help reduce cardiovascular events in PCOS patients. Notably, the clinical efficacy of metformin can be influenced by regional differences and study types.

Research advances in detection of food adulteration and application of MALDI-TOF MS: A review.

Food adulteration and illegal supplementations have always been one of the major problems in the world. The threat of food adulteration to the health of consumers cannot be ignored. Food of questionable origin causes economic losses to consumers, but the potential health risks cannot be ignored. However, the traditional detection methods are time-consuming and complex. This review mainly discusses the types of adulteration and technologies used to detect adulteration. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is also emphasized in the detection of adulteration and authenticity of origin analysis of various types of food (milk, meat, edible oil, etc.), and the future application direction and feasibility of this technology are analyzed. On this basis, MALDI-TOF MS was compared with other detection methods, highlighting the advantages of this technology in the detection of food adulteration. The future development prospect and direction of this technology are also emphasized.

Capsaicin pretreatment attenuates salt-sensitive hypertension by alleviating AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.

Background: Long term hypertension seriously promotes target organ damage in the brain and heart, and has increasingly become serious public health problem worldwide. The anti-hypertensive effects of capsaicin has been reported, however, the role and mechanism of capsaicin within the brain on salt-induced hypertension have yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that capsaicin attenuates salt-induced hypertension via the AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Methods: Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats were used as animal model for the present study. Rats were randomly divided into four groups based on their dietary regimen (0.3% normal salt diet and 8% high salt diet) and treatment methods (infusion of vehicle or capsaicin in the PVN). Capsaicin was chronically administered in the PVN throughout the animal experiment phase of the study that lasted 6 weeks. Results: Our results demonstrated that PVN pretreatment with capsaicin can slow down raise of the blood pressure elevation and heart rate (HR) of Dahl S hypertensive rats given high salt diet. Interestingly, the cardiac hypertrophy was significantly improved. Furthermore, PVN pretreatment with capsaicin induced decrease in the expression of mRNA expression of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), NOX4, p-IKKß and proinflammatory cytokines and increase in number of positive cell level for Nrf2 and HO-1 in the PVN of Dahl S hypertensive rats. Additionally, the protein expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase-B (p-AKT) were decreased, phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) were increased after the PVN pretreatment with capsaicin. Conclusion: Capsaicin pretreatment attenuates salt-sensitive hypertension by alleviating AMPK/Akt/iNOS pathway in the PVN.

Radiofrequency catheter ablation for re-do procedure after single-shot pulmonary vein isolation with pulsed field ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: case report.

Background: Catheter ablation is frequently used to manage recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) resistant to drug therapy, with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) as a key tactic. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an innovative technology for PVI but poses challenges for redo procedures. Case presentation: We report on a 73-year-old female patient who experienced recurrent AF after initial successful PVI using a novel PFA technology and subsequently underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation during a repeat intervention. The reconnection of pulmonary veins was discovered primarily in the anterior region of the right superior PV and the superior portion of the left superior PV. An anatomically-based segmental approach and larger circumferential PVI, followed by additional linear ablations at non-PV trigger sites, proved decisive in preventing further recurrence of atrial tachycardia. Conclusion: While PFA exhibits promise as a secure and efficient modality for PVI, it necessitates excellent contact quality to ensure lasting results. For patients experiencing AF recurrences post-PFI, expanded strategies incorporating both comprehensive PVI and linear ablations at targeted non-PV sites might enhance treatment outcomes.

Multiphoton Ionization/Dissociation of Molecular Sulfur S2 in the UV Region.

The multiphoton ionization/dissociation dynamics of molecular sulfur (S2) in the ultraviolet range of 205-300 nm is studied using velocity map ion imaging (VMI). In this one-color experiment, molecular sulfur (S2) is generated in a pulsed discharge and then photodissociated by UV radiation. At the three-photon level, superexcited states are accessed via two different resonant states: the B3Σu- (v' = 8-11) valence states at the one-photon level and a Rydberg state at the two-photon level. Among the decay processes of these superexcited states, dissociation to electronically excited S atoms is dominant as compared to autoionization to ionic states S2+ (X2Πg) at wavelengths λ < 288 nm. The anisotropy parameter extracted from these images reflects the parallel character of these electronic transitions. In contrast, autoionization is found to be particularly efficient at S(1D) and S(1S) detection wavelengths around 288 nm. Information obtained from the kinetic energy distributions of S atoms has revealed the existence of vibrationally excited S2+ (X2Πg (v+ > 11)) that dissociates to ionic products following one-photon absorption. This work also reveals many interesting features of S2 photodynamics compared to those of electronically analogous O2.

Self-assembled bifunctional nanoflower-enabled CRISPR/Cas biosensing platform for dual-readout detection of Salmonella enterica.

Sensitive detection and point-of-care test of bacterial pathogens is of great significance in safeguarding the public health worldwide. Inspired by the characteristics of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), we synthesized a hybrid nanoflower with peroxidase-like activity via a three-component self-assembled strategy. Interestingly, the prepared nanozyme not only could act as an alternative to HRP for colorimetric biosensing, but also function as a unique signal probe that could be recognized by a pregnancy test strip. By combining the bifunctional properties of hybrid nanoflower, isothermal amplification of LAMP, and the specific recognition and non-specific cleavage properties of CRISPR/Cas12a system, the dual-readout CRISPR/Cas12a biosensor was developed for sensitive and rapid detection of Salmonella enterica. Moreover, this platform in the detection of Salmonella enterica had limits of detection of 1 cfu/mL (colorimetric assay) in the linear range of 101-108 cfu/mL and 102 cfu/mL (lateral flow assay) in the linear range of 102-108 cfu/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the developed biosensor exhibited good recoveries in the spiked samples (lake water and milk) with varying concentrations of Salmonella enterica. This work provides new insights for the design of multifunctional nanozyme and the development of innovative dual-readout CRISPR/Cas system-based biosensing platform for the detection of pathogens.

CodLncScape Provides a Self-Enriching Framework for the Systematic Collection and Exploration of Coding LncRNAs.

Recent studies have revealed that numerous lncRNAs can translate proteins under specific conditions, performing diverse biological functions, thus termed coding lncRNAs. Their comprehensive landscape, however, remains elusive due to this field's preliminary and dispersed nature. This study introduces codLncScape, a framework for coding lncRNA exploration consisting of codLncDB, codLncFlow, codLncWeb, and codLncNLP. Specifically, it contains a manually compiled knowledge base, codLncDB, encompassing 353 coding lncRNA entries validated by experiments. Building upon codLncDB, codLncFlow investigates the expression characteristics of these lncRNAs and their diagnostic potential in the pan-cancer context, alongside their association with spermatogenesis. Furthermore, codLncWeb emerges as a platform for storing, browsing, and accessing knowledge concerning coding lncRNAs within various programming environments. Finally, codLncNLP serves as a knowledge-mining tool to enhance the timely content inclusion and updates within codLncDB. In summary, this study offers a well-functioning, content-rich ecosystem for coding lncRNA research, aiming to accelerate systematic studies in this field.

Photoionization cross sections measurements of the excited states of lutetium and ytterbium in the near threshold region.

In this work, the threshold photoionization cross sections from the excited states of lutetium and ytterbium atoms were investigated by the laser pump-probe scheme under the condition of saturated resonant excitation. We obtained the resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization spectra of the lutetium and ytterbium atoms of the lanthanide metals in the range of 307.50-312.50 nm and 265.00-269.00 nm, respectively; the photoionization cross sections of the 5d6s(1D)6p(2D05/2) and 5d6s(3D)6p(2P01/2) states of lutetium and the 4f13(2F0)5d6s2(J = 1) states of ytterbium above threshold regions (0.4-1.6 eV) were measured, and measured values ranged from 2.3 ± 0.2 to 17.7 ± 1.5 Mb.

Colorimetric biosensor based on aptamer recognition-induced multi-DNA release and peroxidase-mimicking three-way junction DNA-Ag/PtNCs for the detection of Salmonella typhimurium.

Salmonella typhimurium, as a major foodborne pathogen, poses a serious threat to public health safety worldwide. Here, we present a colorimetric biosensor based on aptamer recognition-induced multi-DNA release and peroxidase-mimicking three-way junction DNA-silver/platinum bimetallic nanoclusters (3WJ/DNA-Ag/PtNCs) for the detection of S. typhimurium. In this method, S. typhimurium specifically binds to the aptamer and releases multiple cDNAs to form the three-way junction DNA structure and synthesize silver/platinum bimetallic nanoclusters, which induces signaling changes. Interestingly and importantly, the use of 3WJ/DNA as the template for synthesizing Ag/PtNCs gives the method an extremely low background signal. Under the optimal conditions, the constructed biosensor had a linear response range of 2.6 × 102-2.6 × 106 CFU/mL and a detection limit of 2.6 × 102 CFU/mL for the detection of S. typhimurium. In addition, the proposed method can effectively detect S. typhimurium in milk.

Patterns of unhealthy lifestyle and their associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese young adults: A latent class analysis.

BACKGROUND: There is little evidence on the association between patterns of unhealthy lifestyle and mental health among young adults. METHOD: This study included a total of 28,978 young adults aged 18 to 44 years old in Guangdong province in south China, which was conducted from September to December in 2022. We used latent class analysis to classify the patterns of unhealthy lifestyle among young adults and used multiple logistic regression to explore their associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms. RESULT: The weighted prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were 28.0 % and 19.5 %, respectively. The cumulative effect of unhealthy lifestyles on depressive and anxiety symptoms was significant. Five patterns of unhealthy lifestyle were classified. Compared to the relatively healthy lifestyle class, the class with more unhealthy lifestyles (OR = 6.54, 95 % CI: 5.70-7.51) and insufficient sleep (OR = 6.16, 95 % CI: 4.92-7.70) had higher risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Meaningfully, having adequate mental health literacy could reduce the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms from unhealthy lifestyle by half. LIMITATIONS: The cross-section design study limited causal inferences, and the self-report information may lead to recall bias. CONCLUSIONS: Unhealthy lifestyles have a negative impact on depressive and anxiety symptoms through independent, cumulative and combined effects, and they could be interrelated. Unhealthy lifestyle patterns differed in younger population by socio-demographic characteristics and mental health literacy. Health-care professionals and policymakers may provide programs to intervene multiple unhealthy lifestyles and improve mental health literacy by integrating healthy lifestyle education to promote youngers' mental health.

The Immunomodulatory Effects of A2 ß-Casein on Immunosuppressed Mice by Regulating Immune Responses and the Gut Microbiota.

The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of A2 ß-casein (ß-CN) in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Experiments conducted in vitro revealed that A2 ß-CN digestive products have potent immunostimulatory activities. Animal studies demonstrated that A2 ß-CN improved the immunological organ index reduction trend caused by cyclophosphamide, reduced the pathological damage to the spleen tissue in immunosuppressed mice, increased the release of IL-17A, IgG, and IgA, and reduced the production of IL-4. By regulating the relative abundance of advantageous bacteria like Oscillospira, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacteria and harmful bacteria like Coprococcus and Desulfovibrionaceae, A2 ß-CN improved gut microbiota disorders in immunosuppressed mice. Moreover, A2 ß-CN promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids and increased the diversity of the gut microbiota. Therefore, ingestion of A2 ß-CN is beneficial to the host's immune system and gut health. These findings provide insights for the future application of A2 ß-CN-related dairy products.

Osr1-mediated mesothelial transition of liver mesenchymal cells exacerbates fibrotic liver damage.

In chronic liver diseases, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are induced to form the myofibroblasts responsible for scar formation, leading to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing with in vivo lineage tracing in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model mice reveals a subpopulation of HSCs transitioning back to a state resembling their developmental precursors, mesothelial cells (MCs), after liver injury. These damage-associated intermediates between HSCs and MCs (DIHMs) can be traced with a dual recombinase system by labeling Krt19-expressing cells within prelabeled Pdgfrb+ HSCs, and DIHMs highly express inflammation- and fibrosis-associated genes. Cre and Dre-inducible depletion of DIHMs by administering diphtheria toxin reduces liver fibrosis and alleviates liver damage in NASH model mice. Importantly, knockdown of Osr1, a zinc finger transcription factor of the OSR gene family, can block DIHM induction in vitro. Conditional knockout Osr1 in Pdgfrb-expressing mesenchymal cells in NASH model mice can reduce liver fibrosis in vivo. Our study collectively uncovers an injury-induced developmental reversion process wherein HSCs undergo what we call a mesenchymal-to-mesothelial transition, which can be targeted to develop interventions to treat chronic liver diseases.

Optical nanosensors based on noble metal nanoclusters for detecting food contaminants: A review.

Food contaminants present a significant threat to public health. In response to escalating global concerns regarding food safety, there is a growing demand for straightforward, rapid, and sensitive detection technologies. Noble metal nanoclusters (NMNCs) have garnered considerable attention due to their superior attributes compared to other optical materials. These attributes include high catalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility, and outstanding photoluminescence properties. These features render NMNCs promising candidates for crafting nanosensors for food contaminant detection, offering the potential for the development of uncomplicated, swift, sensitive, user-friendly, and cost-effective detection approaches. This review investigates optical nanosensors based on NMNCs, including the synthesis methodologies of NMNCs, sensing strategies, and their applications in detecting food contaminants. Furthermore, it involves a comparative assessment of the applications of NMNCs in optical sensing and their performance. Ultimately, this paper imparts fresh perspectives on the forthcoming challenges. Hitherto, optical (particularly fluorescent) nanosensors founded on NMNCs have demonstrated exceptional sensing capabilities in the realm of food contaminant detection. To enhance sensing performance, future research should prioritize atomically precise NMNCs synthesis, augmentation of catalytic activity and optical properties, development of high-throughput and multimode sensing, integration of NMNCs with microfluidic devices, and the optimization of NMNCs storage, shelf life, and transportation conditions.

Effects of different reducing carbohydrate types on the physicochemical characteristics of infant formula food stored for special medical purposes.

The formula of food for special medical purpose has a direct impact on physicochemical stability, especially in hot climes and high temperature transport storage environments. An accelerated test (50 °C for 7 weeks) was used to analyze the mechanism of the physicochemical instability of formula A with lactose and maltodextrin, and formula B with maltodextrin. Deep dents and wrinkles were observed on the surface of the formula B, and more fat globules covered the surface of formula A particles after storage for a long time. Significantly higher amounts of furosine and Nε-carboxymethl-l-lysine (CML) were formed and the loss of available lysine was greater in formula A than in formula B. No significant difference was observed in lipid oxidation indicators between the two formulas. The results of this research demonstrated lactose was more active than maltodextrin and led to physicochemical instability.

Recent advances in the bovine ß-casein gene mutants on functional characteristics and nutritional health of dairy products: Status, challenges, and prospects.

ß-casein is the second most abundant form of casein in milk. Changes in amino acid sequence at specific positions in the primary structure of ß-casein in milk will produce gene mutations that affect the physicochemical properties of dairy products and the hydrolysis site of digestive enzymes. The screening method of ß-casein allele frequency detection in dairy products also has attracted the extensive attention of scientists and farmers. The A1 and A2 ß-casein is the two usual mutation types, distinguished by histidine and proline at position 67 in the peptide chain. This paper summarizes the effects of A1 and A2 ß-casein on the physicochemical properties of dairy products and evaluates the effects on human health, and the genotyping methods were also concluded. Impressively, this review presents possible future opportunities and challenges for the promising field of A2 ß-casein, providing a valuable reference for the development of the functional dairy market.

G-triplex/hemin DNAzyme mediated colorimetric aptasensor for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection based on exonuclease III-assisted amplification and aptamers-functionalized magnetic beads.

Escherichia coli O157: H7 (E. coli O157: H7) is one of the most common foodborne pathogens and is widespread in food and the environment. Thus, it is significant for rapidly detecting E. coli O157: H7. In this study, a colorimetric aptasensor based on aptamer-functionalized magnetic beads, exonuclease III (Exo III), and G-triplex/hemin was proposed for the detection of E. coli O157: H7. The functional hairpin HP was designed in the system, which includes two parts of a stem containing the G-triplex sequence and a tail complementary to cDNA. E. coli O157: H7 competed to bind the aptamer (Apt) in the Apt-cDNA complex to obtain cDNA. The cDNA then bound to the tail of HP to trigger Exo III digestion and release the single-stranded DNA containing the G-triplex sequence. G-triplex/hemin DNAzyme could catalyze TMB to produce visible color changes and detectable absorbance signals in the presence of H2O2. Based on the optimal conditions, E. coli O157: H7 could be detected down to 1.3 × 103 CFU/mL, with a wide linear range from 1.3 × 103 to 1.3 × 107 CFU/mL. This method had a distinguished ability to non-target bacteria, which showed good specificity. In addition, the system was successfully applied to detect E. coli O157: H7 in milk samples.

Detection of trace phosphorus in water by plasma amplification laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

For monitoring the extent of eutrophication in water, phosphorus (P) was detected by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). A plasma amplification method was proposed and the filtered aerosol was guided to interact with the collinear laser in conjunction with a nebulizer, cyclonic spray chamber, and quartz tube. With this method, the length of the plasma was amplified from 5.27∼8.73 to 17.58 mm. Moreover, the limit of detection (LoD) values of P in water improved from 6.13∼17.75 to 3.60 ppm. Furthermore, the average relative error (REAV) values reduced from 10.23∼23.84 to 6.17%. The root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) values decreased from 16.68∼64.29 to 3.24 ppm. This demonstrated that plasma amplification LIBS could improve the quantitative analysis performance of LIBS detection of trace phosphorus in water.