Application of olfactory ensheathing cells in peripheral nerve injury and its complication with pathological pain.

Direct or indirect injury of peripheral nerve can lead to sensory and motor dysfunction, which can lead to pathological pain and seriously affect the quality of life and psychosomatic health of patients. While the internal repair function of the body after peripheral nerve injury is limited. Nerve regeneration is the key factor hindering the recovery of nerve function. At present, there is no effective treatment. Therefore, more and more attention have been paid to the development of foreground treatment to achieve functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury, including relief of pathological pain. Cell transplantation strategy is a therapeutic method with development potential in recent years, which can exert endogenous alternative repair by transplanting exogenous functional bioactive cells to the site of nerve injury. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a special kind of glial cells, which have the characteristics of continuous renewal and survival. The mechanisms of promoting nerve regeneration and functional repair and relieving pathological pain by transplantation of OECs to peripheral nerve injury include secretion of a variety of neurotrophic factors, axonal regeneration and myelination, immune regulation, anti-inflammation, neuroprotection, promotion of vascular growth and improvement of inflammatory microenvironment around nerve injury. Different studies have shown that OECs combined with biomaterials have made some progress in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury and pathological pain. These biomaterials enhance the therapeutic effect of OECs. Therefore, the functional role of OECs in peripheral nerve injury and pathological pain was discussed in this paper.Although OECs are in the primary stage of exploration in the repair of peripheral nerve injury and the application of pain, but OECs transplantation may become a prospective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury and pathological pain.

Analysis of expression characteristics and identification of interaction proteins of transcription factor BnaABI5 in Brassica napus.

Rapeseed is one important oil crop in China. However, its planting benefit is frequently affected by environmental stresses such as drought in the northwest region of China. The abscisic acid(ABA) signaling pathway plays an important role in plant abiotic stress response and tolerance, and ABFs/AREBs(ABA-responsive element binding factors/ABA-responsive element binding proteins) are the core transcription factors that regulate the expression of ABA-responsive genes. To dissect the key transcription factors mediated abiotic stress, we mainly characterized abscisic acid insensitive 5(BnaABI5) in rapeseed, including its subcellular localization, expression pattern in response to various stress and tissue-specific expression analysis, transcriptional activity analysis as well as interaction screening with BnaMPKs(mitogen-activated protein kinases). Our results showed that the BnaABI5-GFP fusion protein was localized in the nucleus, and its transcript level is induced by drought stress and was mainly expressed in the roots of rapeseed. Furthermore, BnaABI5 showed transcriptional activation activity through a yeast transactivation assay and it also activated the promoter activity of EM6 target gene in the transient expression system in tobacco leaves. Moreover, BnaABI5 interacted with BnaMPK6 and BnaMPK13 through BiFC and Y2H analysis. This study preliminarily explored the expression characteristics of transcription factor BnaABI5 and its interaction with BnaMPKs, which might help us for further understanding the function of BnaABI5.

Effect of Combined Application of Wood Vinegar Solution and Biochar on Saline Soil Properties and Cotton Stress Tolerance.

Biomass pyrolysis by-products, such as biochar (BC) and wood vinegar (WV), are widely used as soil conditioners and efficiency enhancers in agriculture. A pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of WV, both alone and in combination with BC, on soil properties in mildly saline soil and on cotton stress tolerance. The results demonstrated that BC and WV application, either individually or together, increased soil nutrient content. The combined application was more effective than the individual applications, resulting in a 5.18-20.12% increase in organic matter, a 2.65-15.04% increase in hydrolysable nitrogen, a 2.23-58.05% increase in effective phosphorus, and a 2.71-29.38% increase in quick-acting potassium. Additionally, the combined application of WV and BC led to greater improvements in cotton plant height, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), leaf nitrate reductase (NR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities compared to the application of BC or WV alone. The enhancements in this study varied across different parameters. Plant height showed an increase of 14.32-21.90%. Net photosynthetic rate improved by 13.56-17.60%. Leaf nitrate reductase increased by 5.47-37.79%. Superoxide dismutase and catalase showed improvements of 5.82-64.95% and 10.36-71.40%, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, the combined treatment outperformed the individual applications of WV and BC, resulting in a significant decrease in MDA levels by 2.47-51.72% over the experimental period. This combined treatment ultimately enhanced cotton stress tolerance. Using the entropy weight method to analyze the results, it was concluded that the combined application of WV and BC could enhance soil properties in mildly saline soils, increase cotton resistance, and hold significant potential for widespread application.

Fluorescence-plane polarization for the real-time monitoring of transferase migration in living cells.

Transferases are enzymes that exhibit multisite migration characteristics. Significantly, enzyme activity undergoes changes during this migration process, which inevitably impacts the physiological function of living organisms and can even lead to related malignant diseases. However, research in this field has been severely hindered by the lack of tools for the simultaneous and differential monitoring of site-specific transferase activity. Herein, we propose a novel strategy that integrates a fluorescence signal response with high sensitivity and an optical rotation signal response with superior spatial resolution. To validate the feasibility of this strategy, transferase γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was used as a model system to develop dual-mode chiral probes ACx-GGTB (AC17-GGTB and AC15-GGTB) using chiral amino acids as specific bifunctional recognition groups. The probes undergo structural changes under GGT, resulting in the release of bifunctional recognition groups (chiral amino acids) and simultaneously generate fluorescence signals and optical rotation signals. This dual-mode output exhibits high sensitivity and facilitates differentiation of sites. Furthermore, it enables simultaneous and differential detection of GGT activity at different sites during migration. We anticipate that probes developed based on this strategy will facilitate imaging-based monitoring of the activity for other transferases, thus providing an imaging platform suitable for the real-time tracking of transferase activity changes during migration.

Surgical resection and neoadjuvant therapy in patients with gastric cancer and ovarian metastasis: A real-world study.

BACKGROUND: Regarding when to treat gastric cancer and ovarian metastasis (GCOM) and whether to have metastatic resection surgery, there is presently debate on a global scale. The purpose of this research is to examine, in real-world patients with GCOM, the survival rates and efficacy of metastatic vs non-metastasized resection. AIM: To investigate the survival time and efficacy of metastatic surgery and neoadjuvant therapy in patients with GCOM. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 41 GCOM patients admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from June 2009 to July 2023. The diagnosis of all patients was confirmed by pathology. The primary study endpoints included overall survival (OS), ovarian survival, OS after surgery (OSAS), disease-free survival (DFS), differences in efficacy. RESULTS: This study had 41 patients in total. The surgical group (n = 27) exhibited significantly longer median OS (mOS) and median overall months (mOM) compared to the nonoperative group (n = 14) (mOS: 23.0 vs 6.9 months, P = 0.015; mOM: 18.3 vs 3.8 months, P = 0.001). However, there were no significant differences observed in mOS, mOM, median OSAS (mOSAS), and median DFS (mDFS) between patients in the surgical resection plus neoadjuvant therapy group (n = 11) and those who surgical resection without neoadjuvant therapy group (n = 16) (mOS: 26.1 months vs 21.8 months, P = 0.189; mOM: 19.8 vs 15.2 months, P = 0.424; mOSAS: 13.9 vs 8.7 months, P = 0.661, mDFS: 5.1 vs 8.2 months, P = 0.589). CONCLUSION: Compared to the non-surgical group, the surgical group's survival duration and efficacy are noticeably longer. The efficacy and survival time of the direct surgery group and the neoadjuvant therapy group did not differ significantly.

Exploring emotional well-being, spiritual, religious and personal beliefs and telomere length in chronic pain patients-A pilot study with cross-sectional design.

Living with chronic pain is associated with substantial suffering and high societal costs. Patient reported outcomes (PROM's) and cellular ageing should be considered in pain management. The aim of this study was to explore correlations of PROM's and cellular ageing (telomere length [TL] and telomerase activity [TA]) amongst patients with chronic non-malignant pain. This was an explorative pilot study with cross-sectional design and recruitment was done at two pain rehabilitation facilities in Sweden, with inpatient setting/integrative care and outpatient setting/multimodal care, respectively. Eighty-four patients were enrolled by referral to pain rehabilitation in Sweden. The main outcome measures collected after admission in addition to TL and TA were the following PROMs: Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), WHO Quality of Life-Spiritual, Religious and Personal Beliefs (WHOQoL-SRPB) and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D). All the PROM's showed evidence of poor overall health status among the participants. TL correlated negatively with HADS score (r = -.219, p = .047) and positively with WHOQoL-SRPB (r = .224, p = .052). TL did not correlate with any of the pain measures. TA correlated positively with pain spread (r = .222, p = .049). A mediation of the direct effect of spiritual well-being on TL by anxiety and depression could be shown (b = 0.008; p = .045). The correlations between TL and SRPB and anxiety and depression suggest some importance of emotional and SRPB dimensions in pain management, with implications for cellular aging, which may warrant further study. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02459639.

Identifying freshness of various chilled pork cuts using rapid imaging analysis.

BACKGROUND: Determining the freshness of chilled pork is of paramount importance to consumers worldwide. Established freshness indicators such as total viable count, total volatile basic nitrogen and pH are destructive and time-consuming. Color change in chilled pork is also associated with freshness. However, traditional detection methods using handheld colorimeters are expensive, inconvenient and prone to limitations in accuracy. Substantial progress has been made in methods for pork preservation and freshness evaluation. However, traditional methods often necessitate expensive equipment or specialized expertise, restricting their accessibility to general consumers and small-scale traders. Therefore, developing a user-friendly, rapid and economical method is of particular importance. RESULTS: This study conducted image analysis of photographs captured by smartphone cameras of chilled pork stored at 4 °C for 7 days. The analysis tracked color changes, which were then used to develop predictive models for freshness indicators. Compared to handheld colorimeters, smartphone image analysis demonstrated superior stability and accuracy in color data acquisition. Machine learning regression models, particularly the random forest and decision tree models, achieved prediction accuracies of more than 80% and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study provides a feasible and practical non-destructive approach to determining the freshness of chilled pork. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Acid/base responsive pseudo[3]rotaxanes from amine naphthotubes and bis-pyridinium/isoquinolinium guests.

A novel cooperative pseudo[3]rotaxane system was successfully constructed by the inclusion complexation of two identical amine naphthotubes with a bis-pyridinium/isoquinolinium guest. Single crystal structure analysis revealed that weak Csp3-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the two hosts are responsible for the positive cooperativity during the formation of pseudo[3]rotaxanes. Moreover, intermolecular charge-transfer interactions between the electron-rich host and the electron-poor guests were observed. The pseudo[3]rotaxanes showed pH-controllable association/dissociation processes with naked-eye color changes in solution.

Insights into uncovered public health risks. The case of asthma attacks among archival workers: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To ascertain the prevalence of asthma attacks among archivists and identify the associated occupational factors in this understudied professional population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study among 1,002 archival workers. A multiple logistic regression was conducted to identify the association between asthma attacks and occupational exposures. The Strobe Protocol was applied. Results: 999 workers were included in the final analysis with the asthma prevalence of 33.3%. Main factors associated with asthma attacks (OR [95% CI]) were the presence of chemically irritating odors (2.152 [1.532-3.024]), mold odors (1.747 [1.148-2.658]), and insects (1.409[1.041-1.907]). A significant synergistic effect was observed between chemical irritants and mold, the odds ratio was 7.098 (95% CI, 4.752-10.603). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of asthma attacks among archival workers, an under-studied population. Chemical irritants, molds and insects were associated with their asthma attacks. Notably, this study's data analysis has revealed a strong synergy (OR = 7.098) between chemical odors and molds in the workplace. While the existing international literature on this specific interaction remains somewhat limited, previous studies have already demonstrated the potential for chemical irritants, such as sulfur dioxide and ozone, to synergistically interact with inhalable allergens, including fungi, molds and dust mites. Consequently, this interaction seems to exacerbate asthma symptoms and perpetuate untreated exposure. Furthermore, in damp and damaged buildings, the presence of microbial components, such as cellular debris or spores released during fungal growth can trigger an inflammatory response, potentially served as a shared pathway for the development of asthma among individuals exposed to these hazardous factors.

Predictive modeling of rice milling degree for three typical Chinese rice varieties using interpretative machine learning methods.

Brown rice over-milling causes high economic and nutrient loss. The rice degree of milling (DOM) detection and prediction remain a challenge for moderate processing. In this study, a self-established grain image acquisition platform was built. Degree of bran layer remaining (DOR) datasets is established with image capturing and processing (grain color, texture, and shape features extraction). The mapping relationship between DOR and the DOM is in-depth analyzed. Rice grain DOR typical machine learning and deep learning prediction models are established. The results indicate that the optimized Catboost model can be established with cross-validation and grid search method, with the best accuracy improving from 84.28% to 91.24%, achieving precision 91.31%, recall 90.89%, and F1-score 91.07%. Shapley additive explanations analysis indicates that color, texture, and shape feature affect Catboost prediction accuracy, the feature importance: color > texture > shape. The YCbCr-Cb_ske and GLCM-Contrast features make the most significant contribution to rice milling quality prediction. The feature importance provides theoretical and practical guidance for grain DOM prediction model. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Rice milling degree prediction and detection are valuable for rice milling process in practical application. In this paper, image processing and machine learning methods provide an automated, nondestructive, and cost-effective way to predict the quality of rice. The study may serve as a valuable reference for improving rice milling methods, retaining rice nutrition, and reducing broken rice yield.

Amide naphthotube as a novel supramolecular sequestration agent for tetracaine and decamethonium.

RATIONALE: Anesthetics are widely used for optimizing surgical conditions, postoperative pain management, and treating various chronic pain conditions. Tetracaine and decamethonium are representative drugs of local anesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents, respectively. However, overdose and toxicity of the drugs always lead to serious adverse events. Thus, there is a strong demand for effective antidotes. METHODS: The binding interactions of amide naphthotubes with tetracaine and decamethonium were systematically studied using 1H NMR, ITC, and DFT calculations. The antidotal effects of amide naphthotube to tetracaine toxicity were assessed in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanism of detoxification was explored at a cellular level. Additionally, mouse models were established to evaluate the reversal activities of amide naphthotube on decamethonium-induced mortality and muscle relaxation, and the reversal mechanism was investigated through pharmacokinetic experiments. RESULTS: We have demonstrated that the anti-isomer of amide naphthotube exhibits significant binding affinities towards tetracaine (K a = 1.89×107 M-1) and decamethonium (K a = 1.01×107 M-1) in water. The host displayed good biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. The administration of amide naphthotube following tetracaine overdose in mouse models notably increased the overall survival rate, indicating its effective antidotal properties. The host could reverse the tetracaine-induced Na+ channels blockage at the cellular level. Moreover, the injection of amide naphthotube also reversed the mortality and paralysis induced by decamethonium in mouse models following a pharmacokinetic mechanism. CONCLUSION: An emerging artificial receptor, amide naphthotube, has strong binding affinities towards tetracaine and decamethonium. It functions as a supramolecular antidote for tetracaine poisoning and a reversal agent for decamethonium by selectively sequestering these compounds in vivo.

Management strategies and outcomes in pregnancy-related acute aortic dissection: a multicentre cohort study in China.

BACKGROUND: Acute aortic dissection (AD) in pregnancy poses a lethal risk to both mother and fetus. However, well-established therapeutic guidelines are lacking. This study aimed to investigate clinical features, outcomes and optimal management strategies for pregnancy-related AD. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study including 67 women with acute AD during pregnancy or within 12 weeks postpartum from three major cardiovascular centres in China between 2003 and 2021. Patient characteristics, management strategies and short-term outcomes were analysed. RESULTS: Median age was 31 years, with AD onset at median 32 weeks gestation. Forty-six patients (68.7%) had type A AD, of which 41 underwent immediate surgery. Overall maternal mortality was 10.4% (7/67) and fetal mortality was 26.9% (18/67). Compared with immediate surgery, selective surgery was associated with higher risk of composite maternal and fetal death (adjusted RR: 12.47 (95% CI 3.26 to 47.73); p=0.0002) and fetal death (adjusted RR: 8.77 (95% CI 2.33 to 33.09); p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Immediate aortic surgery should be considered for type A AD at any stage of pregnancy or postpartum. For pregnant women with AD before fetal viability, surgical treatment with the fetus in utero should be considered. Management strategies should account for dissection type, gestational age, and fetal viability. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05501145.

Global incidence trends of autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: A systemic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

BACKGROUND: The analysis of the incidence trends of four autoimmune diseases (ADs) globally from 1990 to 2021, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and psoriasis, reveals significant patterns of change, which further projects the incidence of these diseases at the global, regional, and national levels up to the year 2050. METHODS: The estimates for the number of incident cases and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), along with the 95 % uncertainty intervals (UI) for RA, IBD, MS and psoriasis, were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to quantify the global incidence trends of these four ADs from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was employed to project the number of new cases and incidence rates of these four ADs up to 2050. RESULTS: From 1990 to 2021, the global ASIR of MS showed a declining trend (EAPC = -0.02 %, 95 % UI: -0.07 to 0.03), while the global ASIRs of IBD (EAPC = 0.29 %, 95 % UI: 0.20 to 0.38), RA (EAPC = 0.49 %, 95 % UI: 0.46 to 0.52), and psoriasis (EAPC = 0.23 %, 95 % UI: 0.21 to 0.26) demonstrated increasing trends. From 2022 to 2050, the global ASIRs of these four ADs are projected to rise, with the number of cases for all these conditions expected to continue increasing. CONCLUSIONS: The global incidence trends and projected changes in ADs reveal that the burden of ADs is expected to continue growing in the future, underscoring the necessity for developing targeted policies to address this emerging challenge.

MicroRNAs in metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases often refer to various diseases caused by metabolic problems such as glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. With the improvement of living standards, the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases has become a severe public health problem, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), diabetes and obesity. These diseases are both independent and interdependent, with complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the molecular mechanisms and find effective therapeutic targets of these diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of metabolic homoeostasis due to their multitargets and network regulatory properties within the past few decades. In this review, we discussed the latest progress in the roles of miRNA-mediated regulatory networks in the development and progression of MASLD, ALD, diabetes and obesity.

Genome-wide analysis of the passion fruit invertase gene family reveals involvement of PeCWINV5 in hexose accumulation.

BACKGROUND: Invertases (INVs) are key enzymes in sugar metabolism, cleaving sucrose into glucose and fructose and playing an important role in plant development and the stress response, however, the INV gene family in passion fruit has not been systematically reported. RESULTS: In this study, a total of 16 PeINV genes were identified from the passion fruit genome and named according to their subcellular location and chromosome position. These include six cell wall invertase (CWINV) genes, two vacuolar invertase (VINV) genes, and eight neutral/alkaline invertase (N/AINV) genes. The gene structures, phylogenetic tree, and cis-acting elements of PeINV gene family were predicted using bioinformatics methods. Results showed that the upstream promoter region of the PeINV genes contained various response elements; particularly, PeVINV2, PeN/AINV3, PeN/AINV5, PeN/AINV6, PeN/AINV7, and PeN/AINV8 had more response elements. Additionally, the expression profiles of PeINV genes under different abiotic stresses (drought, salt, cold temperature, and high temperature) indicated that PeCWINV5, PeCWINV6, PeVINV1, PeVINV2, PeN/AINV2, PeN/AINV3, PeN/AINV6, and PeN/AINV7 responded significantly to these abiotic stresses, which was consistent with cis-acting element prediction results. Sucrose, glucose, and fructose are main soluble components in passion fruit pulp. The contents of total soluble sugar, hexoses, and sweetness index increased significantly at early stages during fruit ripening. Transcriptome data showed that with an increase in fruit development and maturity, the expression levels of PeCWINV2, PeCWINV5, and PeN/AINV3 exhibited an up-regulated trend, especially for PeCWINV5 which showed highest abundance, this correlated with the accumulation of soluble sugar and sweetness index. Transient overexpression results demonstrated that the contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose increased in the pulp of PeCWINV5 overexpressing fruit. It is speculated that this cell wall invertase gene, PeCWINV5, may play an important role in sucrose unloading and hexose accumulation. CONCLUSION: In this study, we systematically identified INV genes in passion fruit for the first time and further investigated their physicochemical properties, evolution, and expression patterns. Furthermore, we screened out a key candidate gene involved in hexose accumulation. This study lays a foundation for further study on INV genes and will be beneficial on the genetic improvement of passion fruit breeding.

Why rejection sensitivity leads to adolescents' loneliness: Differential exposure, reactivity, and exposure-reactivity models.

INTRODUCTION: Rejection sensitivity is considered a risk factor for loneliness; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Adopting the constructs of exposure, reactivity, and exposure-reactivity from the personality framework, this study investigated three models of rejection sensitivity, bullying victimization, and loneliness to reveal why rejection sensitivity leads to loneliness among Chinese early adolescents. METHODS: Using a longitudinal design, three-wave data were obtained (with approximately 6-month intervals) from 2381 Chinese early adolescents (51.2% boys at Time 1, Mage = 13.38, SD = 0.59) from 7 secondary schools. Students reported on their rejection sensitivity at Time 1, bullying victimization at Times 1 and 2, and their loneliness at Times 2 and 3. A longitudinal moderated mediation model was conducted to analyze the association between variables. RESULTS: Path analyses demonstrated that rejection sensitivity was associated with greater loneliness for adolescents in which association was mediated by bullying victimization. High levels of rejection sensitivity exacerbate the adverse effect of bullying victimization on loneliness. Furthermore, in line with the differential exposure-reactivity model, the effect of rejection sensitivity on loneliness mediated by bullying victimization only existed for high rejection-sensitive adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The findings emphasize the dual role of rejection sensitivity in the development process of adolescents' loneliness and highlight the importance of identifying rejection-sensitive adolescents for intervention and prevention efforts.

Exploring the Mechanism of 4-Hydroxy-1,3,5-triazine-6-thiol Collector on Depressant-Free Flotation Separation of Galena from Sphalerite.

The flotation separation of galena from sphalerite was commonly implemented under pH > 10.5, which led to the consumption of lime. In this paper, 2-diethylamine-4-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazine-6-thiol (DEHTT) was synthesized and introduced as a highly selective collector to perform the depressant-free flotation separation of Pb/Zn sulfide minerals. The microflotation results indicated that 8.0 × 10-7 mol/L DEHTT recovered 94.17% galena and 26.67% sphalerite from their mixture at pH 8.5 regulated by Na2CO3, and under the same conditions, sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) floated out 94.94% galena and 50.41% sphalerite, deducing a superior flotation selectivity of DEHTT in comparison to SIBX. In situ AFM images displayed the more preferable adsorption of DEHTT on galena in comparison to that on sphalerite. The results of adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics inferred that the adsorption of DEHTT onto the galena surface was a spontaneous endothermic chemical process. XPS further indicated that DEHTT combined with interface Pb atoms to form the -S-Pb and -O-Pb bonds. The special affinity of DEHTT to galena achieved the selective flotation separation of galena from sphalerite without the addition of lime and depressants.

Ratiometric fluorescence sensing and discrimination of tetracycline analogs by using coumarin-embedded Eu-MOF nanosensor.

As widely used antibiotics, tetracycline residues exist in food and environmental media, which pose certain hidden dangers and negative effects on public health. Therefore, the sensing and discrimination of tetracycline analogs (TCs) have great significance for improving food safety and preventing environmental pollution. Herein, a 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid-embedded Eu-MOF (HC@Eu-MOF) material was constructed and then developed for the detection of TCs. Upon addition of TCs, the synthesized sensor displays opposite fluorescence changes at two different wavelengths due to the simultaneous presence of the inner filter effect (IFE) and the antenna effect (AE), and achieves a stable ratio signal response within 90 s. In addition, six important tetracycline analogs, including chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), metacycline (MC), doxycycline (DC) and demeclocycline (DMC) can be discriminated with 100 % accuracy through the principal component analysis even in extremely complicated mixtures. Further, a smartphone-assisted portable device was applied for visual sensing of TCs. The as-developed platform possessed the characteristics of simple synthesis, fast response, high sensitivity, and high stability, which further lays a further foundation for the on-site visual detection and discrimination of TCs in real samples.