Development of New Composite Materials by Modifying the Surface of Porous Hydroxyapatite Using Cucurbit[n]urils.

This study represents an advancement in the field of composite material engineering, focusing on the synthesis of composite materials derived from porous hydroxyapatite via surface modification employing cucurbit[n]urils, which are highly promising macrocyclic compounds. The surface modification procedure entailed the application of cucurbit[n]urils in an aqueous medium onto the hydroxyapatite surface. A comprehensive characterization of the resulting materials was undertaken, employing analytical techniques including infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, the materials were subjected to rigorous evaluation for their hemolytic effect, anti-inflammatory properties, and cytotoxicity. Remarkably, the findings revealed a notable absence of typical hemolytic effects in materials incorporating surface-bound cucurbit[n]urils. This observation underscores the potential of these modified materials as biocompatible alternatives. Notably, this discovery presents a promising avenue for the fabrication of resilient and efficient biocomposites, offering a viable alternative to conventional approaches. Furthermore, these findings hint at the prospect of employing supramolecular strategies involving encapsulated cucurbit[n]urils in analogous processes. This suggests a novel direction for further research, potentially unlocking new frontiers in material engineering through the exploitation of supramolecular interactions.

Obtaining New Biocompatible Composite Materials with Antibacterial Properties Based on Diatomite and Biologically Active Compounds.

This study aimed to create new composite materials based on diatomite-a non-organic porous compound-through its surface modification with bioactive organic compounds, both synthetic and natural. Chloramphenicol, tetrahydroxymethylglycoluril and betulin were used as modifying substances. Composite materials were obtained by covering the diatomite surface with bioactive substance compounds as a solution and material dispersion in it. The materials were characterized by IR spectroscopy, SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For the biocomposites, the hemolytic effect, plasma proteins' adsorption on the surface and the antibacterial activity of the obtained materials were studied. Results show that the obtained materials are promising for medicine and agriculture.

The Determination of the Biocompatibility of New Compositional Materials, including Carbamide-Containing Heterocycles of Anti-Adhesion Agents for Abdominal Surgery.

Due to traumatic injuries, including those from surgical procedures, adhesions occur in over 50% of cases, necessitating exclusive surgical intervention for treatment. However, preventive measures can be implemented during abdominal organ surgeries. These measures involve creating a barrier around internal organs to forestall adhesion formation in the postoperative phase. Yet, the effectiveness of the artificial barrier relies on considerations of its biocompatibility and the avoidance of adverse effects on the body. This study explores the biocompatibility aspects, encompassing hemocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities, as well as the adhesion of blood serum proteins and macrophages to the surface of new composite film materials. The materials, derived from the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose modified by glycoluril and allantoin, were investigated. The research reveals that film materials with a heterocyclic fragment exhibit biocompatibility comparable to commercially used samples in surgery. Notably, film samples developed with glycoluril outperform the effects of commercial samples in certain aspects.

Absorption of Water Vapor by Bambus[6]uril and a Density Functional Theory Study of Its Aqua Complexes.

The absorption/desorption of water vapor by bambus[6]uril (Bu[6]) has been studied. According to kinetic experiments, the absorption capacity of Bu[6] is 4 moles of water per 1 mole of Bu[6] with the absorption duration of 20 min and the complete desorption duration of 100 min. Experimental rate constants for water vapor absorption and desorption by Bu[6] have been determined to be 0.166 min-1 and 0.0221 min-1, respectively. The obtained results are in agreement with theoretical calculations using the DFT method. A hypothetical structure of bambus[6]uril tetrahydrate (Bu[6]·4H2O) has been proposed based on the experimental and DFT data.

Development of Novel Composite Biocompatible Materials by Surface Modification of Porous Inorganic Compounds Using Bambus[6]Uril.

In this present investigation, a novel series of composite materials based on porous inorganic compounds-hydroxyapatite and diatomite-have been innovatively formulated for the first time through surface modification employing the promising macromolecular compound, bambus[6]uril. The process entailed the application of a bambus[6]uril dispersion in water onto the surfaces of hydroxyapatite and diatomite. Extensive characterization was carried out, involving IR spectroscopy and SEM. The materials underwent assessment for hemolytic effects and plasma protein adsorption. The results revealed that materials containing surface-bound bambus[6]uril did not demonstrate inherent hemolytic effects, laying a robust groundwork for their use as biocompatible materials. These findings hold significant promise as an alternative pathway for the development of durable and efficient bio-composites, potentially unveiling supramolecular strategies incorporating encapsulated bambus[6]urils in analogous processes.

Nanoparticles Based on Silver Chloride and Bambusuril[6] for the Fine-Tuning of Biological Activity.

The prevalence of numerous infectious diseases has emerged as a grave concern within the realm of healthcare. Currently, the issue of antibiotic resistance is compelling scientists to explore novel treatment approaches. To combat these infectious diseases, various treatment methods have been developed, harnessing cutting-edge disinfecting nanomaterials. Among the range of metallic nanoparticles employed in medicine, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stand out as both highly popular and well-suited for the task. They find extensive utility in cancer diagnosis and therapies and as effective antibacterial agents. The interaction between silver and bacterial cells induces significant structural and morphological alterations, ultimately leading to cell demise. In this study, nanoparticles based on silver and bambusuril[6] (BU[6]) were developed for the first time. These NPs can be used for different biomedical purposes. A simple, single-step, and effective synthesis method was employed to produce bambusuril[6]-protected silver chloride nanoparticles (BU[6]-Ag/AgCl NPs) through the complexation of BU[6] with silver nitrate. The NPs were characterized using X-ray phase analysis (XPS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). When the SEM images were examined, it was seen that the synthesized BU[6]-Ag/AgCl NPs were distributed with homogeneous sizes, and the synthesized NPs were mostly spherical and cubic. The EDS spectra of BU[6]-Ag/AgCl NPs demonstrated the presence of Ag, Cl, and all expected elements. BU[6]-Ag/AgCl NPs showed high antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aureus bacteria.

Methods of Analysis and Identification of Betulin and Its Derivatives.

This scientific work presents practical and theoretical material on the methods of analysis and identification of betulin and its key derivatives. The properties of betulin and its derivatives, which are determined by the structural features of this class of compounds and their tendency to form dimers, polymorphism and isomerization, are considered. This article outlines ways to improve not only the bioavailability but also the solubility of triterpenoids, as well as any hydrophobic drug substances, through chemical transformations by introducing various functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino, phosphate/phosphonate and carbonyl. The authors of this article summarized the physicochemical characteristics of betulin and its compounds, systematized the literature data on IR and NMR spectroscopy and gave the melting temperatures of key acids and aldehydes based on betulin.

Tetra-ethyl-ammonium dicyanido(5,10,15,20-tetra-phenyl-porphyrinato)ferrate(III) di-chloro-methane monosolvate.

The title compound, (C8H20N)[Fe(C44H28N4)(CN)2]·CH2Cl2 or (Et4N)[Fe(TPP)(CN)2], was recrystallized from di-chloro-methane-diethyl ether. The compound crystallizes with the two unique halves of the Fe(III) porphyrinato complex, one tetra-ethyl-ammonium cation and one inter-stitial di-chloro-methane mol-ecule within the asymmetric unit. Both anionic Fe(III) complexes exhibit inversion symmetry. Both the cation and the solvent mol-ecules show positional disorder. The cation is disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.710 (3):0.290 (3); the solvent mol-ecule is disordered over three positions with a 0.584 (6):0.208 (3):0.202 (5) ratio. The crystal packing features columns of [Fe(TPP)(CN)2](-) anions that propagate along [001]. The columns further pack into layers that are parallel to (011) and also include the Et4N(+) cations. The inter-stitial CH2Cl2 mol-ecules appear in the inter-layer space. This complex may serve as a useful precursor for the assembly of multinuclear and extended CN-bridged complexes for the design of single-mol-ecule and single-chain magnets, respectively.