[Analysis of 235 cases of pneumoconiosis identification in coal enterprises].

Objective: To analyze on the identification cases of pneumoconiosis in coal enterprises in Occupational disease identification institution from 2010 to 2017. Discussion on the characteristics of pneumoconiosis identification in Coal enterprises, analyze the existing problems and put forward the countermeasures. Methods: The data of 235 pneumoconiosis cases were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 235 cases during this period, the mean age of onset was (51.08 ±7.17) years. The mean service length was (20.65±7.96) years. 131 cases were coal miners, accounting for 55.74%, and 132 cases were exposed to coal dust, accounting for 56.17%. The number of Identification cases was the lowest in 2011 (13 cases) , and gradually increased in the following years, with the highest number of Identification cases in 2016 (47 cases) . 96 cases came from western Chongqing, accounting for 41.20%, and 88 cases came from northeastern Chongqing, accounting for 37.77%. Pneumoconiosis stage one have accounted to 58.29%. The results of 74 cases were not consistent with those of diagnosis, and the difference rate was 31.76%. The difference rate of observation object identification results was 60.53%, and the difference rate of nonpneumoconiosisin identification results was 40.00%. Conclusion: The main types of work are coal miners, and the dust exposed to them is coal dust. The regional distribution is mainly in the western part of Chongqing and the northeast part of Chongqing. The largest difference rate Pneumoconiosis Identification is observation object and nonpneumoconiosisin.

[Risk factors for acute kidney injury after pediatric congenital heart surgery].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) after pediatric congenital heart surgery among children aged<4 years old. Methods: A total of 410 children<4 years old with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiac pulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery from Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital between January 2017 and December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups:AKI group (n=42) and non-AKI group (n=368) according to whether AKI occurred after surgery. The clinical data of patients was compared between two groups, including demographic data(sex, age, weight), preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative clinical data, the length of mechanical ventilation, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital costs and death in hospital. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of postoperative AKI. Results: Compared with non-AKI group, children in AKI group had lower weight [(8.2±3.3) kg vs (9.9±2.6) kg,P=0.023] and mean arterial pressure (MAP) [(101.3±18.1) mmHg vs (118.2±15.6) mmHg,P<0.001], but longer duration of surgery [(210.3±74.8) min vs (149.1±52.2) min, P<0.001], CPB [(107.2±49.9) min vs (60.2±29.2) min,P<0.001],aortic clamping [62.0(50.0,88.0) min vs 34.5(18.3,52.3) min,P<0.001],mechanical ventilation duration, ICU stay, hospital stay, and higher mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower weight (OR=0.489, 95%CI:0.298-0.802, P=0.005), lower MAP (OR=0.929, 95%CI: 0.891-0.969, P=0.001), longer duration of surgery (OR=1.035, 95%CI: 1.016-1.054, P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for AKI. Conclusion: Children with lower weight, longer duration of surgery, lower MAP are at higher risk of getting AKI after congenital heart surgery.

[Effect of ultrasound guided patient-controlled paravertebral block on pulmonary function in patients with multiple fractured ribs].

Objective: To investigated the effects of patient controlled intravenous analgesia and ultrasound guided patient-controlled paravertebral block on pulmonary function in patients with multiple fractured ribs. Methods: From May 2015 to March 2016, 60 patients with multiple rib fractures in Ningbo NO.6 Hospital with American Society of Anesthesiologists Ⅱ-Ⅲ underwent internal fixation, including 30 males and 30 females aged from 16 to 70 years(mean age (54.6±15.2) years). All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each): patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) group and patient controlled thoracic paravertebral block(PCPB) group.PCIA solution contained sufentanil 2 µg/kg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCIA pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose with 15 minutes lockout interval and background infusion at 2 ml/hour.In PCPB group, the patients received paravertebral injection of 0.2% ropivocaine 15 ml on the corresponding area of fractured side under ultrasound guidance at the end of operation, and then received PCPB.PCPB solution contained 0.75% ropivacaine 67 ml in 250 ml of normal saline, and the pump was set up to deliver a 5 ml bolus dose, with 15 minutes lock out interval and background infusion at 5 ml/hour. Both analgesia lasted to 72 hours after operation.Before the operation, at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days after analgesia, arterial blood samples were collected to test the levels of pH, PaO2, PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2 and PA-aDO2. The pulmonary function was also examined before and 3 days after the operation through FEV1 and FEV1%. Results: Compared with PCIA group at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days after analgesia, the level of PaO2 ((85.1±9.7)mmHg vs.(72.4±12.3)mmHg, (90.3±12.4)mmHg vs.(73.5±7.8)mmHg, (94.2±8.2)mmHg vs.(86.1±5.6)mmHg, (98.5±7.0)mmHg vs. (88.8±7.5)mmHg, (99.6±9.8)mmHg vs. (91.3±8.6)mmHg, P<0.05)) and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly increased ((405.1±46.0)mmHg vs. (340.1±58.9)mmHg, (430.5±59.1)mmHg vs. (344.0±65.4)mmHg, (448.3±39.1)mmHg vs. (410.1±26.7)mmHg, (460.1±33.5)mmHg vs. (423.2±36.5)mmHg, (465.1±28.2)mmHg vs. (435.1±40.8)mmHg, P<0.05)), the level of PA-aDO2 was decreased ((22.9±4.6)mmHg vs. (36.6±5.1)mmHg, (17.7±4.7)mmHg vs. (34.5±2.9)mmHg, (13.8±4.1)mmHg vs. (21.9±3.2)mmHg, (13.5±4.6)mmHg vs. (19.2±3.8)mmHg, (12.4±2.0)mmHg vs. (17.7±2.4)mmHg, P<0.05)), and FEV1, FEV1% were significantly increased at 3 days after operation in PCPB group ((2.9±0.4)mmHg vs.(2.2±0.5)mmHg, (78.1±4.7)mmHg vs.(64.8±4.3)mmHg; P<0.01)). Conclusion: Ultrasound guided patient-controlled paravertebral block improves the arterial oxygenation function and accelerates the recovery of pulmonary function in patients with multiple-fractured ribs after internal fixation operation.

Correlation between the development of calcium oxalate stones and polymorphisms in the fibronectin gene in the Uighur population of the Xinjiang region of China.

Here, we have investigated the correlation between calcium oxalate stone formation and Fn gene polymorphisms in urinary calculi patients among the Uighur population (Xinjiang region). In this case control study, genomic DNA extracted from the peripheral blood of 129 patients with calcium oxalate stones (patient group) and 94 normal people (control group) was used to genotype polymorphisms in the rs6725958, rs10202709, and rs35343655 sites of the Fn gene by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Subsequently, the association between different genotypes and susceptibility to calcium oxalate stone formation was compared among the patient and control groups. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the rs6725958, rs10202709, and rs35343655 sites of the Fn gene among the patient and control groups. The genotype distributions of the three loci complied with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The results of allele frequencies of the patient/control group for polymorphisms in the rs6725958 site of the Fn gene were C = 179 (69.92%)/119 (63.30%) and A = 77 (30.08%)/69 (36.70%), in the rs10202709 site were C = 245 (95.70%)/176 (93.63%) and T = 11 (4.30%)/12 (6.38%), and in the rs35343655 site of the Fn gene were A = 139 (54.30%)/87 (46.28%) and G = 117 (45.70%)/101 (53.72%). We observed no significant differences between the three SNPs and development of calcium oxalate stones. Polymorphisms in rs6725958, rs10202709, and rs35343655 of the Fn gene had no obvious effect on the susceptibility to the development of calcium oxalate stones in the Uighur population, residing in the Xinjiang region of China.

Visible and near-infrared imaging spectrometer and its preliminary results from the Chang'E 3 project.

In order to conduct lunar surface mineral composition studies and content analysis, the Visible and Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer (VNIS), one of the scientific payloads of the Chang'E 3 Yutu rover, has been developed to detect lunar surface objects and to obtain their reflectance spectra and geometric images. This is achieved with a 45° visual angle and at a height of 0.69 m. VNIS is equipped with a lunar surface calibration function, and the spectral range is 0.45-2.40 µm with a spectral resolution of 2-12 nm. It is capable of synchronously acquiring the full spectrum of lunar surface objects and in situ calibration. Here, we describe the VNIS and explain the preliminary results of the lunar surface exploration and calibration, which provides valuable information for scientific data processing and applications.

Efficient doping and energy transfer from ZnO to Eu3+ ions in Eu(3+)-doped ZnO nanocrystals.

Successful doping of Eu3+ ions into ZnO nanocrystals has been realized by using a low temperature wet chemical doping technique. The substitution of Eu3+ for Zn2+ is shown to be dominant in the Eu-doped ZnO nanocrystals by analyzing the X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy images, Raman and selectively excited photoluminescence spectra. Measurement of the luminescence from the samples shows that the excited ZnO transfers the excited energy efficiently to the doped Eu3+ ions, giving rise to efficient emission at red spectral region. The red emission quantum yield is measured to be 31% at room temperature. The temperature dependence of photoluminescence and the photoluminescence excitation spectra have also been investigated, showing strong energy coupling between the ZnO host and Eu3+ ions through free and bound excitons. The result indicates that Eu3+ ion-doped ZnO nanocrystals are promising light-conversion materials and have potential application in highly distinguishable emissive flat panel display and LED backlights.

[Expression in Escherichia coli and immunogenicity of rotavirus VP7].

Rotaviruses are the single most important cause of severe diarrhea in young children all over the world. VP7 is the major outer capsid and is a primary candidate for inclusion in a subunit or recombinant vaccine. Part of the VP7 gene containing all the three antigenic regions was expressed as a chimeric protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) in E. coli. The chimeric protein, representing about 30% of the total protein of the recombinant-plasmid-carrying bacteria, reacted with polyclonal antibodies raised against whole virus. Immunization of sero-negative rabbits and mice with purified fusion-protein generated both virus-binding and neutralizing antibodies.

[Radioepidemiological studies in the nuclear industry of China].

The results of retrospective-cohort radioepidemiological studies on workers of mines and plants governed by China National Nuclear Corporation was reported. The total number was 40,122 persons and 575,411 person-years. The accumulated personal dose in workers of reactor, nuclear fuel reprocessing plants and research units was 57 mSv on the average. For fuel element fabrication and diffusion plants, it was about 5 mSv. Mortality of cancers, especially the non-cancerous diseases was not higher but lower than the controlled group and national values, showing the so-called health worker effect. 31,786 off springs of workers in the nuclear plants were examined. There were no significant difference in the incidence of hereditary-congenital diseases among exposed and controlled groups. The results mentioned above provide the direct medical evidences of the safety of nuclear industry in China. Owing to the high concentration of radon in the uranium prospective and mining tunnels in early years, the average cumulative exposure to radon progeny was about 80 WLM for miners who had the history of working underground. The relative risk of lung cancer was about 2. The excess relative risk per WLM was similar to the value reported abroad.

Effect of acupuncture on gastric acid secretion in healthy male volunteers.

Six randomized, placebo controlled studies were performed to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on gastric acid output in 38 healthy males. Electroacupuncture decreased basal acid output when compared to placebo acupuncture [from 3.50 +/- 0.59 mmol/hr to 2.54 +/- 0.56 mmol/hr (P < 0.05)] as well as sham feeding-stimulated acid output [from 18.52 +/- 2.25 mmol/hr to 5.38 +/- 2.11 mmol/hr (P < 0.005)], but had no effect on the pentagastrin stimulated acid output. The inhibitory effect of acupuncture on sham feeding-stimulated acid output was not affected by local anesthesia of the acupoint, but was prevented by a prior intravenous naloxone injection. Acupuncture did not alter plasma gastrin levels (20.7 +/- 7.6 micrograms/liter, vs control 21.2 +/- 7.2 micrograms/liter) but naloxone increased it (26.1 +/- 14.5 micrograms/liter) (P < 0.05). We conclude that the antisecretory effects of electroacupuncture do not result from decreased gastrin release or decreased parietal cell sensitivity to gastrin, but are mediated through naloxone-sensitive opioid neural pathways and vagal efferent pathways.