[Influence of the Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes on the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case Study of Qingdao City, China].

The municipal solid waste (MSW) sector is an important source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. MSW classification can achieve waste reduction and improve resource utilization. However, few studies have investigated the effects of MSW classification on GHG emission reduction. Therefore, the GHG emissions under different MSW disposal modes before and after classification were studied based on the life cycle assessment method in the four districts of Qingdao City. The results showed that MSW classification could significantly reduce the GHG emissions during the whole MSW treatment process. The net carbon emissions(in CO2/MSW)during the whole process of waste treatment for mode 1 (mixed collection+landfill), mode 2 (mixed collection+incineration), mode 3 (waste classification+anaerobic digestion of food waste and other incineration), and mode 4 (waste classification+anaerobic digestion of food waste, recycling of recyclable waste, and other incineration) were 686.39, -130.12, -61.88, and -230.17 kg·t-1, respectively. Improving the classification efficiency of food waste had no significant impact on carbon emissions. The reduction in carbon emissions increased linearly with the improvement of waste recycling efficiency. For every 10% increase in the recovery efficiency of recyclable waste, the net carbon emission decreased by 26.6%(16.5 kg·t-1). Appropriate separation of food waste, improving the recycling efficiency of recyclable waste, and reducing the leakage rate of biogas from anaerobic digestion are feasible strategies to reduce carbon emissions from MSW disposal units through the classification of MSW.

Recent advance in the discovery of allosteric inhibitors binding to the AMP site of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase / 药学学报

Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the pathway of gluconeogenesis, can catalyze the hydrolysis of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate. Upon inhibiting the activity of FBPase, the production of endogenous glucose can be decreased and the level of blood glucose lowered. Therefore, inhibitors of FBPase are expected to be novel potential therapeutics for the treatment of type II diabetes. Recent research efforts were reviewed in the field of developing allosteric inhibitors interacting with the AMP binding site of FBPase.