Solid Electrolyte Interphase Recombination on Graphene Nanoribbons for Lithium Anode.

The practical application of lithium metal batteries is hindered by the lithium dendrite issue, which is seriously affected by the composition and structure of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Modifying the SEI can regulate lithium dendrite formation and growth. Here, we experimentally realize a Li protective layer of LiTFSI-ether electrolyte induced a natural SEI grafted on graphene nanoribbons (SEI@GNRs) via their in situ reactions. The experimental results and theoretical calculations uncover that the 3D structure of SEI@GNRs can reduce the local current density and Li+ flux. The natural SEI in SEI@GNRs, especially the rich inorganic species of LiF, Li3N, and Li2S, decreases the Li+ nucleation overpotential, makes Li+ ion deposition and nucleation uniform, and isolates electron transport. Their synergetic effect suppresses Li dendrite formation and growth, increasing the electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries. The design strategy is beneficial for the development of lithium metal batteries.

Zincophilic Metal-Organic-Framework Interface Mitigating Dendrite Growth for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Batteries.

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries are the ideal candidate for large-scale energy storage systems owing to their high safety and low cost. However, the uncontrolled deposition and parasitic reaction of Zn metal anode hinder their commercial application. Here, the 2D metal-organic-framework (MOF) nanoflakes covered on the surface of Zn are proposed to enable dendrite-free for long lifespan Zn metal batteries. The MOF can facilitate the desolvation process to accelerate reaction kinetic due to its special channel structure. The abundant zincopilicity sites of MOF can realize the homogenous Zn2+ deposition. Consequently, their synergetic effect makes the MOF protected Zn anode good electrochemical performance with a long cycle life of 1400 h at 1 mA cm-2 and a high depth of discharge of 30 mAh cm-2 (DOD ≈ 54%) continued for over 700 h. This work provides a novel strategy for high-performance rechargeable Zn-ion batteries.

Distribution characteristics of soil AM fungi community in soft sandstone area.

To explore the diversity and distribution characteristics of soil arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) communities in the soft sandstone area, thirteen arsenic sandstone rock samples were collected from three planting plots (SI, SII and SIII) and one bare control plot (CK), separately. The sampling locations are as follows: the top of the slope (denoted by the number 1), sunny slope (2), shady slope (3) and gully bottom (4). These samples were then tested with an Illumina HiSeq PE250 high-throughput sequencing platform. Experimental results show that the SIII4 sample (from the gully bottom of the SIII plot) has the highest moisture content of 9.1%, while the CK sample in the control plot has lowest moisture content. SI2 has the highest pH of 9.58 and CK has the lowest pH of 8.73. SII1 has the highest available phosphorus (AP) content of 9.61 mg/kg, while SII3 has the lowest AP content of 2.29 mg/kg. Furthermore, SI2 has the highest NH4-N content of 11.24 mg/kg, while SII1 has the lowest NH4-N of 4.09 mg/kg. SII1 has the highest available potassium (AK) content of 48.92 mg/kg and CK has the lowest AK content of 1.82 mg/kg. In the observed-species index reflecting AMF genetic diversity, SI1 differences significantly from SII4 and SIII3 (P < 0.05). In the Shannon index, SI1 is significantly different from SI2, SI3, SI4; SII2 is significantly different from SII3; SI2, SI4, SII1 and SII3 are quite different from CK (P < 0.05). The dominant genera of AMF in these plots include Glomus (17.24%-65.53%), Scutellospora (0.04%-67.38%), Septoglomus (2.83%-43.03%) and Kamienskia (0.64%-46.38%). The dominant genera of AMF vary significantly between sunny slope and shady slope. Positive correlation exists between soil NH4-N and the AM fungal community structure. There are prominent positive correlations exist among genetic diversity index chao1, observed-species, pH and AP (P < 0.05), and obviously negative correlation between observed species and AK (P < 0.05). The research findings on the distribution characteristics of AM fungus community in the arsenic sandstone plot and their relationship with environmental factors can help with arsenic sandstone management in other similar areas.