Dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan improves sheep growth performance by enhancing ruminal functions, antioxidant capacity, and tryptophan metabolism: in vitro and in vivo studies.

Background: Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) can regulate the synthesis of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and melatonin (MT). In a previous metabolome analysis, we found that 5-HTP is an effective ingredient in yeast culture for regulating rumen fermentation. However, research on the effect of this microbial product (5-HTP) as a functional feed additive in sheep production is still not well explained. Therefore, this study examined the effects of 5-HTP on sheep rumen function and growth performance using in vitro and in vivo models. Methods: A two-factor in vitro experiment involving different 5-HTP doses and fermentation times was conducted. Then, in the in vivo experiment, 10 sheep were divided into a control group which was fed a basal diet, and a 5-HTP group supplemented with 8 mg/kg 5-HTP for 60 days. Results: The results showed that 5-HTP supplementation had a significant effect on in vitro DMD, pH, NH3-N, acetic acid, propionic acid, and TVFA concentrations. 5-HTP altered rumen bacteria composition and diversity indices including Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson. Moreover, the in vivo study on sheep confirmed that supplementing with 8 mg/kg of 5-HTP improved rumen fermentation efficiency and microbial composition. This led to enhanced sheep growth performance and increased involvement in the tryptophan metabolic pathway, suggesting potential benefits. Conclusion: Dietary 5-HTP (8 mg/kg DM) improves sheep growth performance by enhancing ruminal functions, antioxidant capacity, and tryptophan metabolism. This study can provide a foundation for the development of 5-HTP as a functional feed additive in ruminants' production.

Genetically Programmed Temperature-Responsive Barnacle-Derived Protein with an Enhanced Adhesion Ability.

There is an emerging strong demand for smart environmentally responsive protein-based biomaterials with improved adhesion properties, especially underwater adhesion for potential environmental and medical applications. Based on the fusion of elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), SpyCatcher and SpyTag modules, biosynthetic barnacle-derived protein was genetically engineered and self-assembled with an enhanced adhesion ability and temperature response. The water resistance ability of the synthetic protein biopolymer with a network structure increased to 98.8 from 58.5% of the original Cp19k, and the nonaqueous adhesion strength enhanced to 1.26 from 0.68 MPa of Cp19k. The biopolymer showed an improved adhesion ability toward hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces as well as diatomite powders. The combination of functional module ELPs and SpyTag/SpyCatcher could endow the biosynthetic protein with temperature response, an insoluble form above 42 °C and a soluble form at 4 °C. The combinational advantages including temperature response and adhesion performance make the self-assembled protein an excellent candidate in surgical adhesion, underwater repair, and surface modification of various coatings. Distinct from the traditional approach of utilizing solely ELPs, the integration of short ELPs with Spy partners exhibited a synergistic enhancement in the temperature response. The synergistic effects of two functional modules provide a technical method and insight for designing smart self-assembled protein-based biopolymers.

Albiflorin Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Improves Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury Through Regulating LSD1-Mediated Microglial Activation and Ferroptosis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious, prolonged, and irreversible injury with few therapeutic options. Albiflorin (AF) possesses powerful pharmacodynamic properties and exerts protective effects against neuroinflammation. However, no research has examined the neuroprotective effect of AF following SCI. Rats were received laminectomy to establish SCI animal model and treated with AF (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg). Behavioral experiments were conducted to assess the impacts of AF on motor function after SCI in rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining, and Prussian Blue staining were performed to observe histological changes, neuronal damage, and iron deposition, respectively. Transmission electron microscope was adopted to observe the ultrastructure of spinal cord tissues. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to examine neurons and microglia. ELISA assay was used to examine the production of cytokines. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression level of ferroptosis-related proteins. Microglia BV-2 cells were induced by LPS to mimic the neuroinflammatory condition. Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay, and lipid peroxidase level was measured by C11 BODIPY 581/591 staining. Molecular docking technology was utilized to confirm the relationship between AF and LSD1. AF improved the motor functional recovery after SCI in rats. Meanwhile, AF attenuated neuron apoptosis and microglia activation, reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iron accumulation, and inhibited spinal cord ferroptosis following SCI in rats. LSD1 was verified to be a target protein of AF, and AF could concentration-dependently downregulate LSD1 expression in injured spinal cords in vivo and LPS-induced BV-2 cells in vitro. In addition, AF not only inhibited ferroptosis through reducing lipid peroxidase and iron levels and regulating ferroptosis-related proteins, but also inhibited microglial activation and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines production in LPS-induced BV-2 cells; however, these changes were partly counteracted by LSD1 overexpression. AF could reduce microglial activation and ferroptosis, attenuate neuroinflammation, and improve functional recovery following SCI by downregulating LSD1, providing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of SCI.

Controllable Preparation of a N-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon Framework Derived from ZIF-8 for Highly Efficient Capacitive Deionization.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising desalination technology, and metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived carbon as an electrode material has received more and more attention due to its designable structure. However, MOF-derived carbon materials with single-pore structures have been difficult to meet the technical needs of related fields. In this work, the ordered hierarchical porous carbon framework (OMCF) was prepared by the template method using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) as a precursor. The pore structures, surface properties, electrochemical properties, and CDI performances of the OMCF were investigated and compared with the microporous carbon framework (MCF), also derived from ZIF-8. The results show that the hierarchical porous carbon OMCF possessed a higher specific surface area, better hydrophilic surface (with a contact angle of 13.45°), and higher specific capacitance and ion diffusion rate than those of the MCF, which made the OMCF exhibit excellent CDI performances. The adsorption capacity and salt adsorption rate of the OMCF in a 500 mg·L-1 NaCl solution at 1.2 V and a 20 mL·min-1 flow rate were 12.17 mg·g-1 and 3.34 mg·g-1·min-1, respectively, higher than those of the MCF. The deionization processes of the OMCF and MCF closely follow the pseudo-first-order kinetics, indicating the double-layer capacitance control. This work serves as a valuable reference for the CDI application of N-doped hierarchical porous carbon derived from MOFs.

Timing of Percutaneous Balloon Kyphoplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (PKP) is widely used to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). In addition to rapid and effective pain relief, the ability to recover the lost height of fractured vertebral bodies and reduce the risk for complications are believed to be the main advantages of this procedure. However, there is no consensus on the appropriate surgical timing for PKP. OBJECTIVES: This study systematically evaluated the relationship between the surgical timing of PKP and clinical outcomes to provide more evidence for clinicians to choose the intervention timing. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials and prospective, and retrospective cohort trials published up to November 13, 2022. All included studies explored the influence of PKP intervention timing for OVCFs. Data regarding clinical and radiographic outcomes and complications were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: Thirteen studies involving 930 patients with symptomatic OVCFs were included. Most patients with symptomatic OVCFs achieved rapid and effective pain relief after PKP. In comparison to delayed PKP intervention, early PKP intervention was associated with similar or better outcomes in terms of pain relief, improvement of function, restoration of vertebral height, and correction of kyphosis deformity. The meta-analysis results showed there was no significant difference in cement leakage rate between early PKP and late PKP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.60, 95% CI, 0.97-2.64, P = 0.07), whereas delayed PKP had a higher risk for adjacent vertebral fractures (AVFs) than early PKP (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13-0.76, P = 0.01). LIMITATIONS: The number of included studies was small, and the overall quality of the evidence was very low. CONCLUSIONS: PKP is an effective treatment for symptomatic OVCFs. Early PKP may achieve similar or better clinical and radiographic outcomes for treating OVCFs than delayed PKP. Furthermore, early PKP intervention had a lower incidence of AVFs and a similar rate of cement leakage compared with delayed PKP. Based on current evidence, early PKP intervention might be more beneficial to patients.

An international analysis of stem cell research in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Stem cell therapy has been increasingly investigated as a promising strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, no international analysis of stem cell research has yet been conducted. This study aimed to analyze the major characteristics of published reports of stem cell use for IDD and to present a global insight into stem cell research. The study period spanned from the inception of the Web of Science database to 2021. A search strategy using specific keywords was implemented to retrieve relevant publications. The numbers of documents, citations, countries, journals, article types, and stem cell types were evaluated. A total of 1170 papers were retrieved. The analysis showed a significant increase in the number of papers over time (p < 0.001). High-income economies accounted for the majority of papers (758, 64.79 %). China produced the most articles (378, 32.31 %), followed by the United States (259, 22.14 %), Switzerland (69, 5.90 %), United Kingdom (54, 4.62 %), and Japan (47, 4.02 %). The United States ranked first in terms of the number of citations (10,346), followed by China (9177) and Japan (3522). Japan ranked first in terms of the number of citations per paper (74.94), followed by United Kingdom (58.54) and Canada (53.74). When standardized by population, Switzerland ranked first, followed by Ireland and Sweden. When gross domestic product was considered, Switzerland ranked first, followed by Portugal and Ireland. The number of papers was positively correlated with gross domestic product (p < 0.001, r = 0.673); however, there was no significant correlation with population (p = 0.062, r = 0.294). Mesenchymal stem cells were the most investigated stem cells, followed by nucleus pulposus-derived stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells. A sharp increase in stem cell research was observed in the field of IDD. China produced the most, although several European countries were more productive relative to their populations and economies.

Effects of yeast culture and oxalic acid supplementation on in vitro nutrient disappearance, rumen fermentation, and bacterial community composition.

Hemicellulose is an important polysaccharide in ruminant nutrition, but it has not been studied as thoroughly as cellulose. Further research is needed to explore supplements that can improve its digestibility and ruminal buffering effects. Our previous research demonstrated the efficacy of oxalic acid (OA) as an essential nutrient in yeast culture (YC) for improving rumen fermentation performance. Consequently, we conducted in vitro rumen digestion experiments to examine the effects of YC and OA on rumen fermentation and bacterial composition. Two diets containing different levels of hemicellulose were formulated: diet 1 with 10.3% and diet 2 with 17% hemicellulose. Three levels of YC (0.00, 0.625, and 1.25 g/kg) and three doses of OA (0.0, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg, DM) were added into each diet with a 3 × 3 factorial design. A comprehensive assessment was conducted on a total of 18 experimental treatments at fermentation periods of 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. In the first experiment (diet 1), the supplementation of YC, OA, and their interaction significantly increased in vitro DM disappearance (IVDMD) and NDF disappearance (IVNDFD; p < 0.001). In the second experiment (diet 2), the supplementation of OA and the interaction between YC and OA (p < 0.001) increased IVDMD and IVCPD, but had no significant effects on IVNDFD. The interactions of YC and OA significantly increased ammonia nitrogen (p < 0.001). The production of acetic acid, propionic acid, and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), and pH levels were significantly higher in treatments supplemented with YC and OA (p < 0.001). YC and OA in both diets significantly altered the rumen bacterial community leading to increased Shannon and Simpson diversity indices (p < 0.001). In both diets, OA supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and Prevotella genus. The result also showed a positive correlation between the Prevotella and Selenomonas genera with IVDMD, IVNDFD, propionic acid, and TVFA production, suggesting that these dominant bacteria enhanced nutrient disappearance in the rumen. In conclusion, adding YC and OA resulted in modifications to the bacterial community's composition and diversity, and improved nutrient disappearance. These changes indicate improved rumen fermentation efficiency, which is promising for future in vivo studies.

A 3D printable, highly stretchable, self-healing hydrogel-based sensor based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium tetraborate/sodium alginate for human motion monitoring.

Self-healing hydrogels have great application potential in the field of bio-sensors due to their self-healing, flexibility and excellent tensile properties. However, most hydrogel-based sensors are processed by template method, which is unable to fabricate complex three-dimensional (3D) structures, and limits the development of hydrogel-based sensor devices. A simple yet efficient one-pot method was proposed to fabricate polyvinyl alcohol/sodium tetraborate/sodium alginate hydrogel inks (SPB), also a fabricating process of self-healing hydrogel based on 3D printing technology has been proposed. The SPB hydrogel rapidly healed (<30 s) at room temperature, while its mechanical properties and conductivity also recovered quickly after healing. Besides, it could be used as wearable strain sensors, whose high stretchability (>2800 % strain) and sensitivity (gauge factor: 18.56 at 2000 % strain) could not only detect very large stretch deformations, but also detect the tiny pressure changes in the human body, such as finger flexion, knee flexion, and respiration. This study provides a method for the rapid fabrication of complex-structured hydrogel-based sensors, which is helpful for the hydrogel-based sensor applications in human motion detection and wearable devices.

Design of a genetically programmed barnacle-curli inspired living-cell bioadhesive.

In nature, barnacles and bacterial biofilms utilize self-assembly amyloid to achieve strong and robust interface adhesion. However, there is still a lack of sufficient research on the construction of macroscopic adhesives based on amyloid-like nanostructures through reasonable molecular design. Here, we report a genetically programmed self-assembly living-cell bioadhesive inspired by barnacle and curli system. Firstly, the encoding genes of two natural adhesion proteins (CsgA and cp19k) derived from E. coli curli and barnacle cement were fused and expressed as a fundamental building block of the bioadhesive. Utilizing the natural curli system of E. coli, fusion protein can be delivered to cell surface and self-assemble into an amyloid nanofibrous network. Then, the E. coli cells were incorporated into the molecular chain network of xanthan gum (XG) through covalent conjugation to produce a living-cell bioadhesive. The shear adhesive strength of the bioadhesive to the surface of the aluminum sheet reaches 278 â€‹kPa. Benefiting from living cells encapsulated inside, the bioadhesive can self-regenerate with adequate nutrients. This adhesive has low toxicity to organisms, strong resistance to the liquid environment in vivo, easy to pump, exhibiting potential application prospects in biomedical fields such as intestinal soft tissue repair.

The homologous region hr4a of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus specifically enhances viral early promoters.

Autographa californica multiple nucleocapsid polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) genome contains several homologous regions (hrs) which can be used as origins of viral DNA replication and transcriptional enhancers. Early studies have found that some hrs can not only stimulate viral early promoters, but also enhance gene expression driven by viral late promoters. In this study, by adding hr4a to the upstream of different types of viral promoters and enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) reporter gene, we investigated the enhancement effect of hr4a on eGFP expression. The results showed that hr4a increased the gene transcription controlled by early promoters, but had no enhancer effect on late promoters.

[The adhesion mechanism of barnacle and its cement proteins: a review].

The adhesive protein secreted by marine sessile animals can resist the resistance of water and exert stickiness under the humid environment. It has become a candidate for the development of high-performance materials in the field of biomedicine and bionics. Barnacles are as one of the marine macrofoulers that can be firmly attached to the underwater substrate materials with different surface characteristics through its cement proteins. To date, the adhesion process of barnacle has been understood in-depth, but the specific underwater adhesion mechanism has not been elucidated and needs further exploration. This review first presented an overview of barnacle and its adhesion process, followed by summarizing the advances of barnacle adhesive protein, its production methods, and applications. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives were prospected.

How international are the editorial boards in the field of foot and ankle surgery?: A STROBE-compliant cross-sectional study.

Very low proportions of publications from low- and middle-income countries (LAMIC) have been proved in multiple fields. Some researchers from these countries believe that there is a biased attitude of editors against their studies. Under-representation of editorial board members from LAMIC were revealed in many research fields. However, it has not been investigated in the field of foot and ankle surgery. The current study aimed to analyze the composition of the editorial board members in leading foot and ankle journals, and to provide the international representation of editorial boards in the field of foot and ankle surgery. Five leading journals in the field of foot and ankle surgery were included. The editorial board members were collected from the official websites of these journals. The countries of board members were classified based on World Bank. The board compositions of the journals were analyzed. In total, 229 editorial board members were identified. These editors were from 29 countries. The United States (29.69%) had the greatest number of editors, followed by the United Kingdom (20.52%), Australia (8.30%), Italy (6.11%), and Germany (5.68%). When the editors were classified by regions, 49.34% of board members were from Europe & Central Asia, followed by North America (31.44%), East Asia & Pacific (14.41%), Latin America & Caribbean (2.62%), and Middle East & North Africa (2.18%). No editors were from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. A total of 217 editors (94.76%) were from high-income countries, followed by upper-middle-income countries (3.06%), and lower-middle-income countries (2.18%). No members were from low-income countries. There is a lack of international representation on editorial boards of leading foot and ankle journals. Editorial board members in the field of foot and ankle surgery are largely composed by editors from high-income countries with sever under-representation of LAMIC.

Self-Healing Mechanism and Conductivity of the Hydrogel Flexible Sensors: A Review.

Sensors are devices that can capture changes in environmental parameters and convert them into electrical signals to output, which are widely used in all aspects of life. Flexible sensors, sensors made of flexible materials, not only overcome the limitations of the environment on detection devices but also expand the application of sensors in human health and biomedicine. Conductivity and flexibility are the most important parameters for flexible sensors, and hydrogels are currently considered to be an ideal matrix material due to their excellent flexibility and biocompatibility. In particular, compared with flexible sensors based on elastomers with a high modulus, the hydrogel sensor has better stretchability and can be tightly attached to the surface of objects. However, for hydrogel sensors, a poor mechanical lifetime is always an issue. To address this challenge, a self-healing hydrogel has been proposed. Currently, a large number of studies on the self-healing property have been performed, and numerous exciting results have been obtained, but there are few detailed reviews focusing on the self-healing mechanism and conductivity of hydrogel flexible sensors. This paper presents an overview of self-healing hydrogel flexible sensors, focusing on their self-healing mechanism and conductivity. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of sensors have been summarized and discussed. Finally, the key issues and challenges for self-healing flexible sensors are also identified and discussed along with recommendations for the future.

Long noncoding RNA ROR1-AS1 enhances STC2-mediated cell growth and autophagy in cervical cancer through miR-670-3p.

PURPOSE: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks the fourth among female malignancies and has become a dominating cause for tumor-associated death nowadays. More and more documents have proposed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which emerge as pivotal biomarkers, actively participate in the regulation of human carcinomas. LncRNA ROR1-AS1 is a recently identified RNA that is highlighted for its crucial role in the biological processes of cancers. However, the role and molecular mechanism of ROR1-AS1 in CC have not been clarified yet. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the current study, RT-qPCR analysis uncovered that ROR1-AS1 expression was evidently upregulated in CC tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments (CCK-8, EdU, TUNEL, wound healing and Transwell assays as well as western blot analysis) revealed that knockdown of ROR1-AS1 markedly suppressed the malignant phenotypes of CC cells via decreasing cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and autography, and facilitating cell apoptosis. Subsequently, by performing luciferase reporter and RNA pulldown assays, miR-670-3p was identified to be sponged by ROR1-AS1. Additionally, STC2 was disclosed to be targeted by miR-670-3p in CC cells. Rescue assays illuminated that upregulation of STC2 counteracted ROR1-AS1 knockdown-induced suppression on CC cell growth. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested that ROR1-AS1 contributed to the malignant properties of CC cells through sponging miR-670-3p and upregulating of STC2.

Design of a Genetically Programmed Biomimetic Lipase Nanoreactor.

Alternative to the traditionally independent production of lipase, chemical synthesis of nano-carriers, and then preparing nanoimmobilized enzymes, we exploit a yeast genetically programmed virus biomimetic lipase nanoreactor in a sustainable manner. The nanoreactor biogenesis process integrated lipase production, protein component (coat-protein subunit and scaffold protein) production, self-assembly of protein components, and the encapsulation of lipase into protein nanocages using a simple process. It included overexpression of nanocage components, coat-protein subunits, and fused lipase-scaffold proteins and subsequent spontaneous self-assembly and encapsulation based on the specific interaction between the coat-protein subunit and the scaffold protein fused in the target lipase enzyme. The genetically programmable lipase nanoreactor showed improved stability under various harsh conditions, and was validated in fatty acid methyl ester synthesis with 86% yield at a high concentration of waste cooking oil (200 mM), which demonstrates the robustness and feasibility of the lipase nanoreactor in biodiesel production.

Duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding and factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in patients with COVID-19.

To investigate the factors associated with the duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA shedding in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A retrospective cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted to a designated hospital in Beijing was analyzed to study the factors affecting the duration of viral shedding. The median duration of viral shedding was 11 days (IQR, 8-14.3 days) as measured from illness onset. Univariate regression analysis showed that disease severity, corticosteroid therapy, fever (temperature>38.5°C), and time from onset to hospitalization were associated with prolonged duration of viral shedding (P < .05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that fever (temperature>38.5°C) (OR, 5.1, 95%CI: 1.5-18.1), corticosteroid therapy (OR, 6.3, 95%CI: 1.5-27.8), and time from onset to hospitalization (OR, 1.8, 95%CI: 1.19-2.7) were associated with increased odds of prolonged duration of viral shedding. Corticosteroid treatment, fever (temperature>38.5°C), and longer time from onset to hospitalization were associated with prolonged viral shedding in COVID-19 patients.

Texture Synthesis Repair of RealSense D435i Depth Images with Object-Oriented RGB Image Segmentation.

A depth camera is a kind of sensor that can directly collect distance information between an object and the camera. The RealSense D435i is a low-cost depth camera that is currently in widespread use. When collecting data, an RGB image and a depth image are acquired simultaneously. The quality of the RGB image is good, whereas the depth image typically has many holes. In a lot of applications using depth images, these holes can lead to serious problems. In this study, a repair method of depth images was proposed. The depth image is repaired using the texture synthesis algorithm with the RGB image, which is segmented through a multi-scale object-oriented method. The object difference parameter is added to the process of selecting the best sample block. In contrast with previous methods, the experimental results show that the proposed method avoids the error filling of holes, the edge of the filled holes is consistent with the edge of RGB images, and the repair accuracy is better. The root mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and structural similarity index measure from the repaired depth images and ground-truth image were better than those obtained by two other methods. We believe that the repair of the depth image can improve the effects of depth image applications.

EEG-Controlled Wall-Crawling Cleaning Robot Using SSVEP-Based Brain-Computer Interface.

The assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative applications of EEG-based robot control and navigation are undergoing a major transformation in dimension as well as scope. Under the background of artificial intelligence, medical and nonmedical robots have rapidly developed and have gradually been applied to enhance the quality of people's lives. We focus on connecting the brain with a mobile home robot by translating brain signals to computer commands to build a brain-computer interface that may offer the promise of greatly enhancing the quality of life of disabled and able-bodied people by considerably improving their autonomy, mobility, and abilities. Several types of robots have been controlled using BCI systems to complete real-time simple and/or complicated tasks with high performances. In this paper, a new EEG-based intelligent teleoperation system was designed for a mobile wall-crawling cleaning robot. This robot uses crawler type instead of the traditional wheel type to be used for window or floor cleaning. For EEG-based system controlling the robot position to climb the wall and complete the tasks of cleaning, we extracted steady state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) from the collected electroencephalography (EEG) signal. The visual stimulation interface in the proposed SSVEP-based BCI was composed of four flicker pieces with different frequencies (e.g., 6 Hz, 7.5 Hz, 8.57 Hz, and 10 Hz). Seven subjects were able to smoothly control the movement directions of the cleaning robot by looking at the corresponding flicker using their brain activity. To solve the multiclass problem, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the wall within a short period, the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) classification algorithm had been used. Offline and online experiments were held to analyze/classify EEG signals and use them as real-time commands. The proposed system was efficient in the classification and control phases with an obtained accuracy of 89.92% and had an efficient response speed and timing with a bit rate of 22.23 bits/min. These results suggested that the proposed EEG-based clean robot system is promising for smart home control in terms of completing the tasks of cleaning the walls with efficiency, safety, and robustness.

Design and Quantitative Analysis of Cancer Detection System Based on Fluorescence Immune Analysis.

Human blood is an important medical detection index. With the development in clinical medical detection instruments and detection technology, the requirements for detection accuracy and efficiency have been gradually improved. Fluorescent immunochromatography is a new detection technique. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, convenience, no pollution, and wide detection range. Human blood can be detected quickly using fluorescent immunochromatography. At present, it has received great attention from the field of clinical testing. In this paper, a set of fluorescent immunochromatographic analyzer has been designed. It is mainly based on the principle of fluorescence immunochromatography. A new method of signal analysis and system design for fluorescent immunochromatography analyzer is proposed. By using the improved threshold function denoising algorithm, the quantitative detection of fluorescent immunochromatographic strip is realized. The concentration of pathogenic factors (cancer cells) in human serum can be measured conveniently and accurately. The system integrates many peripheral modules, including fluorescence signal acquisition, fluorescence signal processing, quantitative curve fitting, and test results. In this paper, the quantitative detection experiments of the system are carried out in three aspects: linearity, repeatability, and sensitivity. The experimental results show that the linear correlation coefficient is up to 0.9976, and the limit of detection is up to 0.05 ng/ml. The requirements of the system are satisfied. The system performance is good, and the quantitative result is accurate. Therefore, the establishment of a fluorescence analysis system is of great significance.