Myo1b promotes tumor progression and angiogenesis by inhibiting autophagic degradation of HIF-1α in colorectal cancer.

Myosin 1b (Myo1b) is an important single-headed membrane-associated motor of class I myosins that participate in many critical physiological and pathological processes. Mounting evidence suggests that the dysregulation of Myo1b expression has been extensively investigated in the development and progression of several tumors. However, the functional mechanism of Myo1b in CRC angiogenesis and autophagy progression remains unclear. Herein, we found that the expression of Myo1b was upregulated in CRC tissues and its high expression was correlated with worse survival. The overexpression of Myo1b promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Conversely, silencing of Myo1b suppressed tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo. Further studies indicated that Myo1b inhibited the autophagosome-lysosome fusion and potentiated the VEGF secretion of CRC cells to promote angiogenesis. Mechanistically, Myo1b blocked the autophagic degradation of HIF-1α and then led to the accumulation of HIF-1α, thus enhancing VEGF secretion and then promoting tumor angiogenesis in CRC. Together, our study provided novel insights into the role of Myo1b in CRC progression and revealed that it might be a feasible predictive biomarker and promising therapeutic target for CRC patients.

The Effects of Different Fluences of 1064 nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser on Skin Repair and Skin Barrier Dysfunction in Mice.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different fluences of Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser on skin repair and barrier, and clarify its mechanisms. BACKGROUND DATA: The Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser is widely used for rejuvenation, which needs appropriate fluence data to optimize efficacy and minimize side effects, and for elucidation of action mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The dorsal skin of BABL/c mice was administered 0, 1, 1.5, and 2 J/cm2 energy level laser, twice a week for 4 weeks. Immediately, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after last treatment, the skin elasticity, moisture content, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured; 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after last treatment, the hydroxyproline content, mRNA level of procollagen types I and III, protein level of keratin-10 (K-10), filaggrin, transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFßRII), Smad2, and p65 were detected. RESULTS: Compared with the unirradiated control, the laser treatments decreased skin elasticity immediately, but increased skin moisture content in the 2 J/cm2 group, and then from day 21 to day 28, the skin elasticity, moisture content, hydroxyproline content, and gene expression of types I and III procollagen increased significantly. The TEWL value of the irradiated group significantly increased after irradiation immediately and 7 days after, K-10 and filaggrin were also decreased at 7 days after. The phosphorylation of TGFßRII (p-TGFßRII) increased at days 7 and 21, and phosphorylation of Smad2 (p-Smad2) was induced at 21 days. CONCLUSIONS: Irradiation of 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was able to markedly promote repair of mouse skin within 28 days through stimulation of collagen synthesis, with less skin barrier dysfunction, especially at the 1.5 J/cm2 fluence, and the activation of TGFß1-signaling pathways seemed to play an important role in repair.

Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps.

BACKGROUND: Mumps is an infectious disease caused by the mumps virus. Chinese physicians generally believe that Chinese medicinal herbs are effective in alleviating symptoms and reducing the duration of mumps. Herbalists tend to develop a treatment plan according to the individual's symptoms. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicinal herbs combined with routine treatments for mumps. SEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL (2015, Issue 1), MEDLINE (1948 to January week 4, 2015), EMBASE (1974 to February 2015), CINAHL (1981 to February 2015), AMED (1985 to April 2014), the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1980 to February 2015), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (1979 to February 2015), VIP Information (1989 to February 2015), and relevant databases of ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps (with or without complications). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently evaluated trial quality and conducted data extraction. We contacted the trial authors for missing data regarding participant allocation. Some trials allocated participants according to the participants' admission sequence, making it a pseudo-random allocation. None of the trials concealed participants' allocation or used blinding. MAIN RESULTS: We did not identify any eligible trials for inclusion. We identified 108 studies that claimed to use random allocation. We excluded 104 studies because the allocation methods the authors had used were not actually randomised. We were unable to contact the trial authors of the remaining four studies. These trials require further evaluation and have been allocated to the 'Studies awaiting classification' section. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any RCTs for or against Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of mumps. We hope more high-quality RCTs will be conducted in the future.

Effects of fermentable dietary fiber supplementation on oxidative and inflammatory status in hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND: Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and malnutrition are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. High dietary intake in soluble fiber can decrease the elevated level of serum c-reactive protein in patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of dietary water-soluble fiber on oxidative and inflammatory status in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, we examined the effects of supplementation of dietary fiber on oxidative and inflammatory status in hemodialysis patients. 124 hemodialysis patients were randomly selected and given either 10 g/d, 20 g/d of fiber or placebo for 6 weeks. Anthropometric indices and 24 h diet recall intake was assessed. The CRP, albumin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL were measured before and after of the intervention. The malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), Cu-Zn superoxidase dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) high-sensitivity C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of intervention, in 10 g and 20 g/d of fiber supplement groups, TC and LDL level and TC:LDL ratio were significantly decreased, T-AOC was significantly increased, MDA level was significantly deceased, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and CRP level were significantly deceased. TG, HDL, SOD and GSH-Px had no change before and after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary fermentable fiber supplementation improved lipid profile and oxidative status, decreased systemic inflammatory state of hemodialysis patients. Thus, it may decrease the risk of cardiovascular events in these patients.

Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps.

BACKGROUND: Mumps is an infectious disease caused by the mumps virus. Chinese physicians generally believe that Chinese medicinal herbs are effective in alleviating symptoms and reducing the duration of mumps. Herbalists tend to develop a treatment plan according to the individual's symptoms. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps. SEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL Issue 4, 2012, MEDLINE (1948 to April week 3, 2012), EMBASE (1974 to April 2012), CINAHL (1981 to April 2012), AMED (1985 to April 2012), the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1980 to May 2012), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (1979 to May 2012), VIP Information (1989 to May 2012), and relevant databases of ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps (with or without complications). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors (MS, ZL) independently evaluated trial quality and conducted data extraction. We contacted the trial authors for missing data regarding participant allocation. Some trials allocated participants according to the participants' admitting sequence, making it a pseudo-random allocation. None of the trials concealed participants allocation or used blinding. MAIN RESULTS: We did not identify any eligible trials for inclusion. We identified 102 studies which claimed to use random allocation. Ninety-nine studies were excluded because the allocation methods the authors had used were not actually randomised. We were unable to contact the trial authors of the remaining three studies. These trials require further evaluation and have been allocated to the 'Studies awaiting classification' section. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any RCTs for or against Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of mumps. We hope more high-quality RCTs will be conducted in the future.

[Effect of low dose radiation on human [corrected] bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by using proteomic analysis].

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of low dose radiation (LDR) on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by using proteomic analysis. The bidirectional gel electrophoresis was used to establish the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns of proteome in group of MSCs exposed to LDR and in group of sham irradiated MSCs, the matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in two groups. The results showed that among the differentially expressed proteins in the two groups, the expressions of 12 proteins were up-regulated, the expressions of 12 protein were down-regulated, 3 proteins disappeared after LDR, 12 proteins had been identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. In conclusion, the identified 12 proteins, such as prolyl 4-hydroxylase, dihydropyrimidinase-like 2 variant, ARP3 (actin-related protein 3, yeast) homolog, guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), phosphoglycerate mutase 1 may be related to mechanism of LDR effect. The study provides some new explanation for the mechanism of low dose radiation injury.

[Serum proteome in mice after low dose radiation].

This study was purposed to investigate the mechanism of low dose radiation (LDR) by proteomic technology and to find the key proteins of the hormesis and adaptive response induced LDR, which provided the foundation of experimental and theoretical basis for the clinical application of LDR. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to screen protein patterns of normal serum and serum of mice exposed to LDR in different time for qualitative and quantitative differences in protein expression. And the differentially-expressed proteins between the two groups were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The result showed that among the differentially-expressed proteins between the group exposed to LDR and the control group (shom-irradiated group), it was found that after LDR new 4 proteins appeared, 13 proteins were up-regulated, 6 proteins were down-regulated, 3 proteins disappeared in the group exposed to LDR. In different time the quantity of some proteins was different, the protein expression had some characteristics, the estrogen receptor 2 was down-regulated, the vitamin D-binding protein and apolipoprotien were up-regulated in the group exposed to LDR. It is concluded that LDR up-regulate or down-regulate some proteins, some proteins related with LDR were found. It may provide some new explanations for the effect mechanism of the LDR.