[Research progress on the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease].

Globally, metabolic-asssociated fatty liver disease has become a significant health burden due to its complex pathogenesis, and there are no specific and effective therapeutic drugs to date. The onset and progression of metabolic-asssociated fatty liver disease is closely associated with improper dietary habits. The cornerstone to treat metabolic-asssociated fatty liver disease is weight loss through a well-balanced diet. This article summarizes and discusses the research progress at home and abroad in relationship to metabolic-asssociated fatty liver disease and dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, an energy-restricted balanced diet, a low fat diet, a low carbohydrate diet, a western diet, an animal food diet, a traditional diet, and others. In addition, it categorizes the effects of various dietary patterns on the prevention, treatment, or induction of several issues that need further metabolic-asssociated fatty liver disease research for subsequent reference.

[Analysis of abnormal dynamic functional connectivity of the raphe nucleus in adolescent patients with first-episode depression on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging].

Objective: To investigate the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) abnormalities of the raphe nucleus in adolescent patients with first-episode depression and its correlation with clinical characteristics and cognitive function. Methods: A total of 30 adolescent patients with untreated depression [Depression Groups, 17 males and 13 females, median age 16.5 (15.0, 17.0) years] and 29 age-, gender-and education-[Healthy Controls, 17 males and 12 females, median age 17.0 (16.0, 18.0) years] matched healthy controls underwent resting functional MRI examinations and their clinical data were obtained in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.The raphe nuclei was subdivided into dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN) and median raphe nuclei (MRN). Seed-based dFC of the raphe nucleus was conducted to analyze the abnormal dFC between DRN and whole brain gray matter as well as MRN. Clinical characteristics and cognitive function were evaluated using HAMD-17 and Wisconsin card sorting (WSCT), respectively. The difference of dFC between the two groups was compared. The variance values of dFC in the different brain regions were extracted and subsequently used for evaluating the correlation between the scores of HAMD-17 as well as cognitive tests. Results: Compared with HC, the depression group had an significantly increased variance of dFC in the right superior temporal gyrus (MNI coordinate:33,-12,-12; voxel size 468; t=4.715), extending to the right insula, lentiform nucleus, putamen and Rolandic_Oper_R (aal) (GRF correction, voxel-P<0.005,cluster-P<0.05). Significant negative correlations were observed between the variance in the different brain regions and the total scores andthe factor of retardation scores of HAMD-17 as well the total time, the time of correct thinking, the time of mistake thinking and the number of non-persistent errors of WSCT in depression groups (r=-0.388, -0.365, -0.488, -0.470, -0.412, -0.390, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusion: The variability of the dFC between the DRN and the temporal insula regions as well as striatum was increased in adolescent patients with untreated depression and associated with the severity and cognitive abnormality.

[The clinical features of patients with lymphoplasmacytic diseases harboring MyD88 L265P mutation].

Objective: To explore the clinical features of lymphoplasmacytic diseases with MyD88 L265P mutation. Methods: To analyze the distribution of MYD88 L265P mutation in patients with lymphoplasmacytic diseases by using of ARMS PCR-CE. Results: There were 25(30.9%) MyD88 L265P mutated patients in 81 patients. The mutation was frequently observed in 14 patients with WM (77.8%, 14/18), 2 patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (66.7%, 2/3), 1 acute lymphocytic leukemia patient (50.0%, 1/2), 3 multiple myeloma patients (30.0%, 3/10), 1 patient with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (25%, 1/4), 3 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (13.0%, 3/23) and 1 lymphoma patient (4.8%, 1/21). 20 (80%, 20/25) patients were identified with IgM subtype. Compared with wild-type group of 56 cases, mutated patients were older (median age: 67 years vs 55 years, P< 0.001), with lower WBC count (median count: 5.23 × 109/L vs 10.80 × 109/L, P=0.001), lower HGB level (median count: 85 g/L vs 119 g/L, P<0.001). Conclusion: MyD88 L265P mutation was mainly observed in patients with IgM subtype lymphoplasmacytic diseases, and Waldenstrom' s macroglobulinemia was the most common disease. Compared with the wild-type group, patients with MyD88 L265P mutation were older and had lower WBC count, lower level of HGB. However, further studies were needed to test the prognostic value of MyD88 L265P mutation.