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1.
Hum Cell ; 2024 Sep 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39225978

RESUMEN

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinological disorder affected by ghrelin. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of ghrelin on PCOS manifestations in mice and to assess the therapeutic potential of ghrelin. Female C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously injected with 6 mg/100 g dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for 20 days to induce PCOS. Alterations in reproductive cycles, ovarian morphology, serum sex hormone levels, and related signaling markers were examined. Furthermore, ghrelin-induced effects on granulosa cells and the role of ghrelin/Gq/11/ Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling were studied by silencing Gαq/11 or YAP using si-RNAs. Finally, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of anti-ghrelin antibodies in DHEA-induced PCOS mice. DHEA administration led to significant PCOS-associated changes including weight gain, disrupted estrous cycles, ovarian morphological alterations, and hormonal imbalances in mice, with elevated Gαq/11 and acylated ghrelin expression, which was also noted in PCOS patients. However, treatment with anti-ghrelin antibodies effectively managed DHEA-induced damage in PCOS mice. In vitro, ghrelin exposure resulted in granulosa cell injury and modulated estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and YAP protein levels, whereas silencing YAP and Gαq/11 reversed ghrelin-induced detrimental effects and up-regulated ERα expression. This study revealed that DHEA-induced PCOS traits in mice could be improved by anti-ghrelin antibodies, with the ghrelin/Gq/11/YAP signaling pathway identified as a crucial mediator in granulosa cells, affecting ERα transcription to regulate PCOS. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PCOS.

2.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 677(Pt A): 1052-1068, 2024 Aug 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39134080

RESUMEN

Levofloxacin (LVX) is difficult to be naturally degraded by microorganisms in water, and its residues in water will pose significant risks to human health and ecological environment. In this study, Bi12O17Cl2 was used as the main body, Bi12O17Cl2/GO/Co3O4 composite photocatalyst was prepared by pyrolysis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) combined with in-situ precipitation method and used to degrade LVX. A sequence of characterizations shows that addition of Co3O4 and graphene oxide (GO) increases the visible light response range, improves the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes (e--h+) of photocatalyst, and thus improves the degradation efficiency of LVX. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the LVX degradation rate of Bi12O17Cl2/1.5GO/7.5Co3O4 can reach 91.2 % at 120 min, and its reaction rate constant is the largest (0.0151 min-1), which is 2.17, 13.14 and 1.53 times that of Bi12O17Cl2, Co3O4 and Bi12O17Cl2/7.5Co3O4, respectively, showing better photocatalytic performance. Simultaneously, the recycling stability of Bi12O17Cl2/1.5GO/7.5Co3O4 was also verified. The capture experiments and electron EPR test results showed that superoxide radicals (•O2-) and photogenerated holes (h+) were the primary active substances in the reaction process. Finally, combined with HPLC-MS results, the photocatalytic degradation pathway of LVX was derived. This work will provide a theoretical basis for the design of Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs)-derivative modified Bi12O17Cl2-based photocatalysts.

3.
Psychon Bull Rev ; 2024 Aug 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39147959

RESUMEN

In practical visual search fields, observers often encounter errors that result from an unknown number of targets, which may induce reduced accuracy and speed. Our current study addresses the potential enhancement of collaborative search efficiency as a dyad to mitigate such incurred search costs. Utilizing the capacity coefficient, we evaluated search efficiency and explored the interplay of task difficulty and termination rule in collaborative visual search. Our prediction that collaborative benefits increased with elevated task difficulty was not supported in Experiment 1, where participants were tasked with judging the presence of any target. In contrast, Experiment 2 demonstrated that dyads exhibited greater search efficiency during exhaustive searches for multiple targets with elevated task difficulty. Notably, our findings indicated an advantage in dyad searches compared to baseline predictions from individual searches. Our results underscored the significance of task difficulty and termination rules in leveraging human resources for improved collaborative visual search performance.

4.
Langmuir ; 2024 Aug 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39215707

RESUMEN

In this study, a novel AgNbO3/Bi2MoO6/PANI double Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was created via a solvothermal method, and the method investigates its photocatalytic degradation performance toward norfloxacin (NOR) and other antibiotics. When the content of AgNbO3 is 5 wt % and the content of PANI is 1 wt %, the rate of degradation of AgNbO3/Bi2MoO6/PANI on NOR under visible light is 95.56%, the rate of removal of total organic carbon is ∼57.45%, and its pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant is 0.01878 min-1, which surpasses those of AgNbO3, Bi2MoO6, and AgNbO3/Bi2MoO6 by factors of 14.22, 2.46, and 1.35, respectively. At the same time, the AgNbO3/Bi2MoO6/PANI photocatalyst still showed good stability after three cycles. The results demonstrated that the augmented photocatalytic performance of AgNbO3/Bi2MoO6/PANI can be attributed to the formation of a double Z-scheme heterojunction and the incorporation of PANI with excellent conductivity, resulting in the higher efficiency of migration of charge carriers while retaining strong redox ability. This work affords a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly reference for the development of a Bi2MoO6-based heterojunction photocatalyst and its application in the purification of antibiotics in water.

5.
Cell Death Dis ; 15(8): 624, 2024 Aug 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39191723

RESUMEN

Osteoporosis (OP) is a disorder of bone remodeling caused by an imbalance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Therefore, inhibiting excessive osteoclast activity is one of the promising strategies for treating OP. A major transient receptor potential cation channel, known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), was found to alleviate joint pain and cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. However, little research has focused on TRPA1 function in OP. As a result, this study aimed to explore the TRPA1 characteristics and its potential therapeutic function during osteoclastogenesis. The TRPA1 expression gradually increased in the osteoclast differentiation process; however, its suppression with small interfering RNA and an inhibitor (HC030031) significantly controlled the osteoclast count and the expression of osteoclast characteristic genes. Its suppression also inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related pancreatic ER kinase (PERK) pathways. An ER stress inhibitor (thapsigargin) reversed the down-regulated levels of ER stress and osteoclast differentiation by suppressing TRPA1. Transcriptome sequencing results demonstrated that TRPA1 negatively regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and significantly increased the expression of an antioxidant gene, SRXN1. The osteoclast differentiation and the levels of ER stress were enhanced with SRXN1 inhibition. Finally, TRPA1 knockdown targeting macrophages by adeno-associated virus-9 could relieve osteoclast differentiation and osteopenia in ovariectomized mice. In summary, silencing TRPA1 restrained osteoclast differentiation through ROS-mediated down-regulation of ER stress via inhibiting PERK pathways. The study also indicated that TRPA1 might become a prospective treatment target for OP.


Asunto(s)
Diferenciación Celular , Estrés del Retículo Endoplásmico , Osteoclastos , Osteogénesis , Osteoporosis , Canal Catiónico TRPA1 , Canal Catiónico TRPA1/metabolismo , Canal Catiónico TRPA1/genética , Animales , Osteoporosis/metabolismo , Osteoporosis/patología , Osteoporosis/genética , Ratones , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Células RAW 264.7 , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo
6.
Molecules ; 29(14)2024 Jul 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39064995

RESUMEN

The development of economical catalysts that exhibit both high activity and durability for chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) elimination remains a challenge. The oxidizing and acidic sites play a crucial role in the oxidation process of CVOCs; herein, praseodymium (Pr) was introduced into CrOx catalysts via in situ pyrolysis of MIL-101(Cr). With the decomposition of the ligand, a mixed micro-mesoporous structure was formed within the M-Cr catalyst, thereby reducing the contact resistance between catalyst active sites and the 1,2-dichloroethane molecule. Moreover, the synergistic interaction between chromium and praseodymium facilitates Oß species and acidic sites, significantly enhancing the low-temperature catalytic performance and durability of the M-PrCr catalyst for 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) oxidation. The M-30PrCr catalyst possess enhanced active oxygen sites and acid sites, thereby exhibiting the highest catalytic activity and stability. This study may provide a novel and promising strategy for practical applications in the elimination of 1,2-DCE.

7.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 16(26): 33021-33037, 2024 Jul 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38888460

RESUMEN

Hypoxia can lead to liver fibrosis and severely limits the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, carbon nitride (CN)-based hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) VPSGCNs@TSI for light-driven water splitting were utilized to solve this problem. CNs were doped with selenide glucose (Se-glu) to enhance their red/NIR region absorption. Then, vitamin A-poly(ethylene glycol) (VA-PEG) fragments and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizers TSI were introduced into Se-glu-doped CN NPs (VPSGCNs) to construct VPSGCNs@TSI NPs. The introduction of VA-PEG fragments enhanced the targeting of the NPs to activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and reduced their toxicity to ordinary liver cells. VPSGCN units could trigger water splitting to generate O2 under 660 nm laser irradiation, improve the hypoxic environment of the fibrosis site, downregulate HIF-1α expression, and activate HSC ferroptosis via the HIF-1α/SLC7A11 pathway. In addition, generated O2 could also increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of TSI units in a hypoxic environment, thereby completely reversing hypoxia-triggered PDT resistance to enhance the PDT effect. The combination of water-splitting materials and photodynamic materials showed a 1 + 1 > 2 effect in increasing oxygen levels in liver fibrosis, promoting ferroptosis of activated HSCs and reversing PDT resistance caused by hypoxia.


Asunto(s)
Ferroptosis , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas , Cirrosis Hepática , Nanopartículas , Fotoquimioterapia , Nanopartículas/química , Animales , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Cirrosis Hepática/tratamiento farmacológico , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/metabolismo , Ratones , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/metabolismo , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/patología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/química , Nitrilos/química , Nitrilos/farmacología , Humanos , Hipoxia/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoxia/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo
8.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B ; 25(6): 513-528, 2024 Jun 15.
Artículo en Inglés, Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38910496

RESUMEN

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive osteoarthropathy in the elderly. Osteoclast activation plays a crucial role in the occurrence of subchondral bone loss in early OA. However, the specific mechanism of osteoclast differentiation in OA remains unclear. In our study, gene expression profiles related to OA disease progression and osteoclast activation were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. GEO2R and Funrich analysis tools were employed to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses demonstrated that chemical carcinogenesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and response to oxidative stress were mainly involved in osteoclast differentiation in OA subchondral bone. Furthermore, fourteen DEGs that are associated with oxidative stress were identified. The first ranked differential gene, heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), was selected for further validation. Related results showed that osteoclast activation in the pathogenesis of OA subchondral bone is accompanied by the downregulation of HMOX1. Carnosol was revealed to inhibit osteoclastogenesis by targeting HMOX1 and upregulating the expression of antioxidant protein in vitro. Meanwhile, carnosol was found to alleviate the severity of OA by inhibiting the activation of subchondral osteoclasts in vivo. Our research indicated that the activation of osteoclasts due to subchondral bone redox dysplasia may serve as a significant pathway for the advancement of OA. Targeting HMOX1 in subchondral osteoclasts may offer novel insights for the treatment of early OA.


Asunto(s)
Hemo-Oxigenasa 1 , Osteoartritis , Osteoclastos , Hemo-Oxigenasa 1/metabolismo , Hemo-Oxigenasa 1/genética , Osteoartritis/patología , Osteoartritis/metabolismo , Osteoartritis/genética , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Animales , Estrés Oxidativo , Diferenciación Celular , Osteogénesis , Masculino , Ratones , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo
9.
Sensors (Basel) ; 24(11)2024 May 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38894251

RESUMEN

To investigate the pattern recognition of complex defect types in XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) cable partial discharges and analyze the effectiveness of identifying partial discharge signal patterns, this study employs the variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm alongside entropy theories such as power spectrum entropy, fuzzy entropy, and permutation entropy for feature extraction from partial discharge signals of composite insulation defects. The mean power spectrum entropy (PS), mean fuzzy entropy (FU), mean permutation entropy (PE), as well as the permutation entropy values of IMF2 and IMF13 (Pe) are selected as the characteristic quantities for four categories of partial discharge signals associated with composite defects. Six hundred samples are selected from the partial discharge signals of each type of compound defect, amounting to a total of 2400 samples for the four types of compound defects combined. Each sample comprises five feature values, which are compiled into a dataset. A Snake Optimization Algorithm-optimized Support Vector Machine (SO-SVM) model is designed and trained, using the extracted features from cable partial discharge datasets as case examples for recognizing cable partial discharge signals. The identification outcomes from the SO-SVM model are then compared with those from conventional learning models. The results demonstrate that for partial discharge signals of XLPE cable composite insulation defects, the SO-SVM model yields better identification results than traditional learning models. In terms of recognition accuracy, for scratch and water ingress defects, SO-SVM improves by 14.00% over BP (Back Propagation) neural networks, by 5.66% over GA-BP (Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation), and by 12.50% over SVM (support vector machine). For defects involving metal impurities and scratches, SO-SVM improves by 13.39% over BP, 9.34% over GA-BP, and 12.56% over SVM. For defects with metal impurities and water ingress, SO-SVM shows enhancements of 13.80% over BP, 9.47% over GA-BP, and 13.97% over SVM. Lastly, for defects combining metal impurities, water ingress, and scratches, SO-SVM registers increases of 11.90% over BP, 9.59% over GA-BP, and 12.05% over SVM.

10.
J Nucl Med ; 65(7): 1129-1136, 2024 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38697671

RESUMEN

Our aim was to investigate probable biomarkers specific to immune-related central nervous system toxicity (CNST) in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) by analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT images. Methods: Cancer patients receiving ICI treatment were enrolled in a multicenter observational study that analyzed regional metabolic changes before and during CNST onset from January 2020 to February 2022. In 1:1 propensity score-matched pairs, the regional SUVmean of each bilateral brain lobe of CNST patients (CNST+) was compared with that of patients who had central nervous system infections (CNSIs) and patients without CNST or CNSI (CNST-). In a validation cohort, patients were recruited from February 2022 to July 2023 and followed up for 24 wk after the start of ICI. Early changes in regional SUVmean at 5-6 wk after therapy initiation were evaluated for ability to predict later CNST onset. Results: Of 6,395 ICI-treated patients, 2,387 underwent prognostic 18F-FDG PET/CT and 125 of the scanned patients had CNST (median time from ICI treatment to onset, 9 wk; quartile range, 2-23 wk). Regional 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmean changes were higher in CNST+ than in CNST- patients (117 patient pairs) but were lower than in CNSI patients (50 pairs). Differentiating analysis reached an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.78-0.88) for CNST+ versus CNST- and of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.72-0.89) for CNST+ versus CNSI. Changes in SUVmean were also higher before CNST onset than for CNST- (60 pairs; AUC, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66-0.83). In a validation cohort of 2,878 patients, preonset changes in SUVmean reached an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.79-0.94) in predicting later CNST incidence. Conclusion: Brain regional hypermetabolism could be detected during and before CNST clinical onset. CNST may be a distinct pathologic entity versus brain infections defined by 18F-FDG PET/CT brain scans. Regional SUV differences may be translated into early diagnostic tools based on moderate differentiating accuracy in our study.


Asunto(s)
Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico , Neoplasias , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Adulto
11.
Exp Cell Res ; 439(1): 114089, 2024 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38740166

RESUMEN

Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) apoptosis and inflammation are the extremely critical factors of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Nevertheless, the underlying procedure remains mysterious. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine that promotes inflammation and has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on apoptosis and inflammation. For this research, we employed a model of NPCs degeneration stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and a rat acupuncture IVDD model to examine the role of MIF in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Initially, we verified that there was a significant rise of MIF expression in the NP tissues of individuals with IVDD, as well as in rat models of IVDD. Furthermore, this augmented expression of MIF was similarly evident in degenerated NPCs. Afterwards, it was discovered that ISO-1, a MIF inhibitor, effectively decreased the quantity of cells undergoing apoptosis and inhibited the release of inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6). Furthermore, it has been shown that the PI3K/Akt pathway plays a vital part in the regulation of NPCs degeneration by MIF. Ultimately, we showcased that the IVDD process was impacted by the MIF inhibitor in the rat model. In summary, our experimental results substantiate the significant involvement of MIF in the degeneration of NPCs, and inhibiting MIF activity can effectively mitigate IVDD.


Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Inflamación , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral , Factores Inhibidores de la Migración de Macrófagos , Núcleo Pulposo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Animales , Factores Inhibidores de la Migración de Macrófagos/antagonistas & inhibidores , Factores Inhibidores de la Migración de Macrófagos/metabolismo , Núcleo Pulposo/metabolismo , Núcleo Pulposo/patología , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/patología , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/patología , Ratas , Masculino , Humanos , Oxidorreductasas Intramoleculares/metabolismo , Oxidorreductasas Intramoleculares/antagonistas & inhibidores , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Isoxazoles/farmacología , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo
12.
Ther Clin Risk Manag ; 20: 239-247, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38736988

RESUMEN

Background: The impact of coagulation indicators on postoperative outcomes of patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy has been poorly investigated. This study aimed to assess the prognostic role of preoperative coagulation indicators in these patients. Methods: We retrospectively included 158 patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy. The diagnostic values of coagulation indicators for postoperative complications were evaluated by ROC curves. Patients were divided into two groups according to the cutoff value calculated by ROC curve. Postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of postoperative complications. Results: ROC curve showed that among different coagulation indicators, preoperative D-dimer (DD) level could effectively identify patients with postoperative complications (AUC 0.771, 95% CI 0.696-0.847, P < 0.001). Patients were divided into the low DD group and the high DD group. The comparison of postoperative outcomes suggested that high preoperative DD level was significantly associated with longer durations of vasoactive agents using (P = 0.018), intubation (P = 0.020), ICU stay (P = 0.008), chest drainage (P=0.004) and hospital stay (P = 0.002). Multivariable analysis showed that high preoperative DD level was the independent risk factor of postoperative complications (OR 6.892, 95% CI 2.604-18.235, P < 0.001). Conclusion: High preoperative DD level was significantly linked to poor postoperative outcomes and could provide an effective prediction ability for postoperative complications in patients with constrictive pericarditis.

13.
Materials (Basel) ; 17(9)2024 Apr 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38730910

RESUMEN

The development of efficient catalysts with longevity to remove chlorobenzene is challenging due to Cl poisoning. Herein, a series of Mn-Cr/ZrOx catalysts supported by Zr-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66)-derived ZrOx was prepared and investigated for chlorobenzene (CB) catalytic oxidation. MnCr/ZrOx-M prepared via a wet impregnation method presented an amorphous structure, indicating the homogeneous dispersion of Cr and Mn, which improved acid and redox properties. 40Mn7Cr3/ZrOx-M exhibited the best catalytic activity for chlorobenzene oxidation with T90 of 293 °C, which is mainly due to the strong interaction between manganese and chromium promoted by the large specific surface area of the ZrOx support. Furthermore, 40Mn7Cr3/ZrOx-M presented excellent stability for chlorobenzene oxidation.

15.
Microorganisms ; 12(4)2024 Mar 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38674651

RESUMEN

Isoprenoids and their derivatives, essential for all cellular life on Earth, are particularly crucial in archaeal membrane lipids, suggesting that their biosynthesis pathways have ancient origins and play pivotal roles in the evolution of early life. Despite all eukaryotes, archaea, and a few bacterial lineages being known to exclusively use the mevalonate (MVA) pathway to synthesize isoprenoids, the origin and evolutionary trajectory of the MVA pathway remain controversial. Here, we conducted a thorough comparison and phylogenetic analysis of key enzymes across the four types of MVA pathway, with the particular inclusion of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from uncultivated archaea. Our findings support an archaeal origin of the MVA pathway, likely postdating the divergence of Bacteria and Archaea from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA), thus implying the LUCA's enzymatic inability for isoprenoid biosynthesis. Notably, the Asgard archaea are implicated in playing central roles in the evolution of the MVA pathway, serving not only as putative ancestors of the eukaryote- and Thermoplasma-type routes, but also as crucial mediators in the gene transfer to eukaryotes, possibly during eukaryogenesis. Overall, this study advances our understanding of the origin and evolutionary history of the MVA pathway, providing unique insights into the lipid divide and the evolution of early life.

16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38683705

RESUMEN

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have advanced graph classification tasks, where a global pooling to generate graph representations by summarizing node features plays a critical role in the final performance. Most of the existing GNNs are built with a global average pooling (GAP) or its variants, which however, take no full consideration of node specificity while neglecting rich statistics inherent in node features, limiting classification performance of GNNs. Therefore, this article proposes a novel competitive covariance pooling (CCP) based on observation of graph structures, i.e., graphs generally can be identified by a (small) key part of nodes. To this end, our CCP generates node-level second-order representations to explore rich statistics inherent in node features, which are fed to a competitive-based attention module for effectively discovering key nodes through learning node weights. Subsequently, our CCP aggregates node-level second-order representations in conjunction with node weights by summation to produce a covariance representation for each graph, while an iterative matrix normalization is introduced to consider geometry of covariances. Note that our CCP can be flexibly integrated with various GNNs (namely CCP-GNN) to improve the performance of graph classification with little computational cost. The experimental results on seven graph-level benchmarks show that our CCP-GNN is superior or competitive to state-of-the-arts. Our code is available at https://github.com/Jillian555/CCP-GNN.

17.
Front Microbiol ; 15: 1361180, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38650881

RESUMEN

Rapid and accurate identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species would greatly improve the screening rate for functional LAB. Although many conventional and molecular methods have proven efficient and reliable, LAB identification using these methods has generally been slow and tedious. Single-cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS) provides the phenotypic profile of a single cell and can be performed by Raman spectroscopy (which directly detects vibrations of chemical bonds through inelastic scattering by a laser light) using an individual live cell. Recently, owing to its affordability, non-invasiveness, and label-free features, the Ramanome has emerged as a potential technique for fast bacterial detection. Here, we established a reference Ramanome database consisting of SCRS data from 1,650 cells from nine LAB species/subspecies and conducted further analysis using machine learning approaches, which have high efficiency and accuracy. We chose the ensemble meta-classifier (EMC), which is suitable for solving multi-classification problems, to perform in-depth mining and analysis of the Ramanome data. To optimize the accuracy and efficiency of the machine learning algorithm, we compared nine classifiers: LDA, SVM, RF, XGBoost, KNN, PLS-DA, CNN, LSTM, and EMC. EMC achieved the highest average prediction accuracy of 97.3% for recognizing LAB at the species/subspecies level. In summary, Ramanomes, with the integration of EMC, have promising potential for fast LAB species/subspecies identification in laboratories and may thus be further developed and sharpened for the direct identification and prediction of LAB species from fermented food.

18.
IEEE Trans Cybern ; 54(7): 4280-4293, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38517724

RESUMEN

Multiview subspace clustering aims to discover the inherent structure of data by fusing multiple views of complementary information. Most existing methods first extract multiple types of handcrafted features and then learn a joint affinity matrix for clustering. The disadvantage of this approach lies in two aspects: 1) multiview relations are not embedded into feature learning and 2) the end-to-end learning manner of deep learning is not suitable for multiview clustering. Even when deep features have been extracted, it is a nontrivial problem to choose a proper backbone for clustering on different datasets. To address these issues, we propose the multiview deep subspace clustering networks (MvDSCNs), which learns a multiview self-representation matrix in an end-to-end manner. The MvDSCN consists of two subnetworks, i.e., a diversity network (Dnet) and a universality network (Unet). A latent space is built using deep convolutional autoencoders, and a self-representation matrix is learned in the latent space using a fully connected layer. Dnet learns view-specific self-representation matrices, whereas Unet learns a common self-representation matrix for all views. To exploit the complementarity of multiview representations, the Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) is introduced as a diversity regularizer that captures the nonlinear, high-order interview relations. Because different views share the same label space, the self-representation matrices of each view are aligned to the common one by universality regularization. The MvDSCN also unifies multiple backbones to boost clustering performance and avoid the need for model selection. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of the MvDSCN.

19.
Midwifery ; 132: 103963, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38457994

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: There are inconsistent results on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale's (EPDS) factor structure and longitudinal invariance among different cultures. Furthermore, limited relevant studies in Chinese pregnant women exist. PURPOSE: To test the factor structure of the Chinese Mainland EPDS during pregnancy and conduct longitudinal invariance analyses. METHODS: A national multi-centre cohort study was conducted among 1207 pregnant women selected consecutively by convenience sampling from five hospitals in Zhuhai, Taiyuan, Haidian, Changchun, and Shenzhen in China between August 2015 and October 2016. Depression was measured by the EPDS during gestational weeks 10-13, 15-18, 23-25, 30-32 and 36-37, respectively.s RESULTS: Three factors with eigenvalues nearly larger than 1.0 were optimal for the Chinese Mainland EPDS, labelled "anxiety," "anhedonia," and "depression," and contained items 3-5, 1-2, and 6-10, respectively. The confirmatory factor analysis results of standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.034, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.049, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.968, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.954, and χ2, p < 0.05 indicated good fit. For the longitudinal invariance tests, the configural invariance was met, with the CFI and TLI both higher than 0.90 and the RMSEA lower than 0.08 (CFI = 0.919, TLI = 0.908, and RMSEA = 0.034). The metric-, scalar-, and strict invariances were met. CONCLUSIONS: The three-factor model of the Chinese Mainland EPDS is invariant in pregnancy, suggesting stability and comparability in identifying the women screened positive at different points during pregnancy and making the scale feasible to screen prenatal depression and anxiety simultaneously.


Asunto(s)
Mujeres Embarazadas , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Psicometría , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , China , Adulto , Psicometría/métodos , Psicometría/instrumentación , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica/normas , Mujeres Embarazadas/psicología , Análisis Factorial , Estudios de Cohortes , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Longitudinales , Depresión Posparto/diagnóstico , Depresión Posparto/psicología , Depresión/diagnóstico , Depresión/psicología , Pueblos del Este de Asia
20.
Cell Mol Life Sci ; 81(1): 138, 2024 Mar 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38478029

RESUMEN

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered significant attention in the field of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's diseases due to their covalently closed loop structure. However, the involvement of circRNAs in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is still largely unexplored. To identify the genes differentially expressed between non-POCD (NPOCD) and POCD mice, we conducted the whole transcriptome sequencing initially in this study. According to the expression profiles, we observed that circAKT3 was associated with hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in POCD mice. Moreover, we found that circAKT3 overexpression reduced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and alleviated POCD. Subsequently, through bioinformatics analysis, our data showed that circAKT3 overexpression in vitro and in vivo elevated the abundance of miR-106a-5p significantly, resulting in a decrease of HDAC4 protein and an increase of MEF2C protein. Additionally, this effect of circAKT3 was blocked by miR-106a-5p inhibitor. Interestingly, MEF2C could activate the transcription of miR-106a-5p promoter and form a positive feedback loop. Therefore, our findings revealed more potential modulation ways between circRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA, providing different directions and targets for preclinical studies of POCD.


Asunto(s)
MicroARNs , Complicaciones Cognitivas Postoperatorias , Animales , Ratones , Complicaciones Cognitivas Postoperatorias/genética , ARN Circular/genética , Retroalimentación , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo
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