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Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas, similar in incidence to cervical and esophageal cancers, arise from various soft tissues like smooth muscle, fat, and fibrous tissue. Effective segmentation of sarcomas in imaging is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Methods: This study collected multi-modal MRI images from 45 patients with thigh soft tissue sarcoma, totaling 8,640 images. These images were annotated by clinicians to delineate the sarcoma regions, creating a comprehensive dataset. We developed a novel segmentation model based on the UNet framework, enhanced with residual networks and attention mechanisms for improved modality-specific information extraction. Additionally, self-supervised learning strategies were employed to optimize feature extraction capabilities of the encoders. Results: The new model demonstrated superior segmentation performance when using multi-modal MRI images compared to single-modal inputs. The effectiveness of the model in utilizing the created dataset was validated through various experimental setups, confirming the enhanced ability to characterize tumor regions across different modalities. Discussion: The integration of multi-modal MRI images and advanced machine learning techniques in our model significantly improves the segmentation of soft tissue sarcomas in thigh imaging. This advancement aids clinicians in better diagnosing and understanding the patient's condition, leveraging the strengths of different imaging modalities. Further studies could explore the application of these techniques to other types of soft tissue sarcomas and additional anatomical sites.
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Mortality rates due to lung cancer are high worldwide. Although PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors boost the survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), resistance often arises. The Warburg Effect, which causes lactate build-up and potential lysine-lactylation (Kla), links immune dysfunction to tumor metabolism. The role of non-histone Kla in tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy remains to be clarified. Here, global lactylome profiling and metabolomic analyses of samples from patients with NSCLC is conducted. By combining multi-omics analysis with in vitro and in vivo validation, that intracellular lactate promotes extracellular lipolysis through lactyl-APOC2 is revealed. Mechanistically, lactate enhances APOC2 lactylation at K70, stabilizing it and resulting in FFA release, regulatory T cell accumulation, immunotherapy resistance, and metastasis. Moreover, the anti-APOC2K70-lac antibody that sensitized anti-PD-1 therapy in vivo is developed. This findings highlight the potential of anti lactyl-APOC2-K70 approach as a new combination therapy for sensitizing immunotherapeutic responses.
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We present an innovative process for directly transforming poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a polymer extensively used in food and beverage packaging, into trans-isomer-enriched 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), a key ingredient in advanced specialty polymers. Our approach leverages a dual-catalyst system featuring palladium on reduced graphene oxide (Pd/r-GO) and oxalate-gel-derived copper-zinc oxide (og-CuZn), utilizing hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis relay catalysis. This method efficiently transforms PET into polyethylene-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate (PECHD), which is then converted into CHDM with an impressive overall yield of 95 % in a two-stage process. Our process effectively handles various post-consumer PET plastics, converting them into CHDM with yields between 78 % and 89 % across different substrates. Additionally, we demonstrate the applicability and scalability of this approach through a temperature-programmed three-stage relay process on a 10-gram scale, which results in purified CHDM with an isolated yield of 87 % and a notably higher trans/cis ratio of up to 4.09/1, far exceeding that of commercially available CHDM. This research not only provides a viable route for repurposing PET waste but also enhances the control of selectivity patterns in multistage relay catalysis.
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In experiments, the distributions of mRNA or protein numbers in single cells are often fitted to the random telegraph model which includes synthesis and decay of mRNA or protein, and switching of the gene between active and inactive states. While commonly used, this model does not describe how fluctuations are influenced by crucial biological mechanisms such as feedback regulation, non-exponential gene inactivation durations, and multiple gene activation pathways. Here we investigate the dynamical properties of four relatively complex gene expression models by fitting their steady-state mRNA or protein number distributions to the simple telegraph model. We show that despite the underlying complex biological mechanisms, the telegraph model with three effective parameters can accurately capture the steady-state gene product distributions, as well as the conditional distributions in the active gene state, of the complex models. Some effective parameters are reliable and can reflect realistic dynamic behaviors of the complex models, while others may deviate significantly from their real values in the complex models. The effective parameters can also be applied to characterize the capability for a complex model to exhibit multimodality. Using additional information such as single-cell data at multiple time points, we provide an effective method of distinguishing the complex models from the telegraph model. Furthermore, using measurements under varying experimental conditions, we show that fitting the mRNA or protein number distributions to the telegraph model may even reveal the underlying gene regulation mechanisms of the complex models. The effectiveness of these methods is confirmed by analysis of single-cell data for E. coli and mammalian cells. All these results are robust with respect to cooperative transcriptional regulation and extrinsic noise. In particular, we find that faster relaxation speed to the steady state results in more precise parameter inference under large extrinsic noise.
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Expresión Génica , Modelos Genéticos , Análisis de Expresión Génica de una Sola Célula , ARN Mensajero/análisis , ARN Mensajero/genética , Proteínas/análisis , Proteínas/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Animales , Ratones , Redes Reguladoras de GenesRESUMEN
Background: Bariatric surgeries, including the sleeve gastrectomy, have been recognized as the most effectively treatment strategy for severe obesity. Magnetic devices have been successfully used in bariatric surgeries. Here, we intended to evaluate the safety and efficiency of magnetic anchoring device assisted-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (MLSG), and to make a comparison of the short-term results between conventional laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (CLSG) and MLSG. Methods: The retrospective cohort study was carried out by analyzing and summarizing the data from a database of routinely collected data. The cohort included the patients who underwent either CLSG (n = 120) or MLSG (n = 115) at a single center between January 2018 and December 2020 with a two-year follow-up. The effects of these two surgeries on the weight loss, resolution of comorbidities and quality of life (QOL) were analyzed. Results: The two groups were similar in gender, age, body mass index, abdominal girth, as well as the type and proportion of comorbidities. And the cases in MLSG group had a markedly shorter time of operation (MLSG, 72.59 min vs. CLSG, 76.67 min; P = 0.003). Length of stay in hospital was significantly shorter in the MLSG group than that in the CLSG group (MLSG, 5.59 days vs. CLSG, 5.96 days; P = 0.016). Neither fatal event nor conversion to open surgery happened among all cases. There were no differences in terms of the postoperative complications between the two groups. Magnetic device-related mild hepatic lacerations occurred and were handled by hemostatic treatments in 3 cases. The QOL of patients in MLSG was better at 6-month after surgery, but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 1-year or 2-year after surgery. Conclusion: Both MLSG and CLSG prove safe and effective, and the patients underwent MLSG have a shorter length of stay in hospital, and a better QOL during 6 months after surgery.
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Exploration of high-performance catalysts holds great importance for on-demand H2 production from ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis. In this work, a hollow bowl-like porous carbon-anchored Ru-MgO hetero-structured nano-pair with high-intensity interfaces is made, using a tailored design approach. Consequently, the optimized catalyst shows AB hydrolysis activity with a turnover frequency value of 784 min-1 in aqueous media and 1971 min-1 in alkaline solvent. Robust durability is also achieved, with slight deactivation after a ten-cycle test. Combined experimental and theoretical calculations validate the positive function of the interface between Ru and MgO for facilitating H transfer and boosting water activation, thus leading to improved AB hydrolysis performance. This study could be valuable in guiding the upgradation of Ru catalytic systems, to advance their practical applications.
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the 3D U-Net model for automatic segmentation and measurement of cervical spine structures using magnetic resonance (MR) images of healthy adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of the cervical spine from 160 healthy adults were collected retrospectively. A previously constructed deep-learning model was used to automatically segment anatomical structures. Segmentation and localization results were checked by experienced radiologists. Pearson's correlation analyses were conducted to examine relationships between patient and image parameters. RESULTS: No measurement was significantly correlated with age or sex. The mean values of the areas of the subarachnoid space and spinal cord from the C2/3 (cervical spine 2-3) to C6/7 intervertebral disc levels were 102.85-358.12 mm2 and 53.71-110.32 mm2 , respectively. The ratios of the areas of the spinal cord to the subarachnoid space were 0.25-0.68. The transverse and anterior-posterior diameters of the subarachnoid space were 14.77-26.56 mm and 7.38-17.58 mm, respectively. The transverse and anterior-posterior diameters of the spinal cord were 9.11-16.02 mm and 5.47-10.12 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION: A deep learning model based on 3D U-Net automatically segmented and performed measurements on cervical spine MR images from healthy adults, paving the way for quantitative diagnosis models for spinal cord diseases.
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Aprendizaje Profundo , Adulto , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Médula Espinal , Vértebras Cervicales/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
The limited surface coverage and activity of active hydrides on oxide surfaces pose challenges for efficient hydrogenation reactions. Herein, we quantitatively distinguish the long-puzzling homolytic dissociation of hydrogen from the heterolytic pathway on Ga2O3, that is useful for enhancing hydrogenation ability of oxides. By combining transient kinetic analysis with infrared and mass spectroscopies, we identify the catalytic role of coordinatively unsaturated Ga3+ in homolytic H2 dissociation, which is formed in-situ during the initial heterolytic dissociation. This site facilitates easy hydrogen dissociation at low temperatures, resulting in a high hydride coverage on Ga2O3 (H/surface Ga3+ ratio of 1.6 and H/OH ratio of 5.6). The effectiveness of homolytic dissociation is governed by the Ga-Ga distance, which is strongly influenced by the initial coordination of Ga3+. Consequently, by tuning the coordination of active Ga3+ species as well as the coverage and activity of hydrides, we achieve enhanced hydrogenation of CO2 to CO, methanol or light olefins by 4-6 times.
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OBJECTIVE: Intracranial aneurysm (IAN) is a class of cerebrovascular diseases with a serious threat to patients, and an accurate diagnosis of IAN is very important for both selection of the appropriate therapy and prediction of the prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic values of zero-echo-time magnetic resonance angiography (ZTE-MRA) and time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) in patients with IAN. METHODS: Digital subtraction angiography, ZTE-MRA, and TOF-MRA were performed in 18 patients diagnosed with IAN. The images of ZTE-MRA and TOF-MRA were compared for image quality, qualitative diagnosis, detailed diagnosis, number of thrombi, and residual aneurysm lumen, with digital subtraction angiography as the reference. RESULTS: Zero-echo-time MRA and TOF-MRA did not show a significant difference in image quality or detailed information (including aneurysm size, growth direction, and angle with the aneurysm-carrying vessel) ( P > 0.05). However, ZTE-MRA showed advantages over TOF-MRA in terms of qualitative diagnosis (sensitivity and specificity), intra-aneurismal thrombus detection, and residual aneurysm lumen detection after embolization ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with TOF-MRA, ZTE-MRA showed greater diagnostic value for IAN patients in terms of qualitative diagnosis, as well as the detection of intra-aneurysm thrombi and residual aneurysm lumen after embolization.
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Trastornos Cerebrovasculares , Embolización Terapéutica , Aneurisma Intracraneal , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Angiografía por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Pronóstico , Embolización Terapéutica/métodos , Angiografía de Substracción Digital/métodosRESUMEN
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recognized as critical regulators of skeletal muscle development. Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional factor that regulates myogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether MEF2A produces functional circRNAs. In this study, we identified two evolutionarily conserved circular MEF2A RNAs (circMEF2As), namely circMEF2A1 and circMEF2A2, in chicken and mouse muscle stem cells. Our findings revealed that circMEF2A1 promotes myogenesis by regulating the miR-30a-3p/PPP3CA/NFATC1 axis, whereas circMEF2A2 facilitates myogenic differentiation by targeting the miR-148a-5p/SLIT3/ROBO2/ß-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that circMEF2As both promote skeletal muscle growth. We also discovered that the linear MEF2A mRNA-derived MEF2A protein binds to its own promoter region, accelerating the transcription of MEF2A and upregulating the expression of both linear MEF2A and circMEF2As, forming a MEF2A autoregulated positive feedback loop. Moreover, circMEF2As positively regulate the expression of linear MEF2A by adsorbing miR-30a-3p and miR-148a-5p, which directly contribute to the MEF2A autoregulated feedback loop. Importantly, we found that mouse circMEF2As are essential for the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated the evolution, function, and underlying mechanisms of circMEF2As in animal myogenesis, which may provide novel insight for both the farm animal meat industry and human medicine.
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MicroARNs , ARN Circular , Animales , Humanos , Ratones , Diferenciación Celular , Factores de Transcripción MEF2/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Desarrollo de Músculos/genética , ARN Circular/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and challenging cancers in the world. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the progression of HCC. However, there are few reports on genome-wide screening and functional annotations of m6A-methylated lncRNAs in HCC. METHODS: The expression levels of m6A methyltransferase METTL3 and the association with the prognosis in HCC were determined by RT-qPCR, public dataset platforms. Then, RNA-seq, Pearson correlation analysis, MeRIP-qPCR, RNA half-life assay, gene site-directed mutation, RIP assay and RT-qPCR analysis were employed to determine the downstream target of METTL3 in HCC. Subsequently, the expression levels and roles of lncRNA glucosylceramidase beta pseudogene 1 (GBAP1) in HCC were determined by Kaplan-meier curves, RT-qPCR, in vitro functional experiments and in vivo tumorigenesis and lung metastasis models. Then, the downstream target and pathway of GBAP1 were explored by GO biological process, KEGG pathway enrichment, luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay and rescue experiments and so on. RESULTS: METTL3 was upregulated in HCC and closely related to HCC prognosis. And METTL3 induced GBAP1 expression by acting as the m6A writer of GBAP1 and IGF2BP2 worked as its m6A reader. Clinically, GBAP1 expression was significantly associated with tumor size, venous infiltration, TNM stage and prognosis of HCC, Functionally, GBAP1 promoted HCC metastasis and growth both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, GBAP1 acted as the molecular sponge for miR-22-3p to increase the expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A (BMPR1A), which then activated BMP/SMAD pathway in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated that METTL3-induced GBAP1 promoted migration, invasion and proliferation of HCC cells via GBAP1/miR-22-3p/BMPR1A/SMAD axis. GBAP1 could be a potential prognosis indicator and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , MicroARNs , ARN Largo no Codificante , Humanos , Carcinogénesis , Metiltransferasas , Proteínas de Unión al ARNRESUMEN
The galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) is recognized as a redox process where one metal undergoes oxidation by the ions of another metal possessing a higher reduction potential. This reaction takes place at the interface between a substrate and a solution containing metal ions. Utilizing metal or metal oxide as sacrificial templates enables the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, oxide-metal composites, and mixed oxides through GRR. Growing evidence showed that GRR has a direct impact on surface structures and properties. This has generated significant interest in catalysis and opened up new horizons for the application of GRR in energy and chemical transformations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the synthetic strategies utilizing GRR for the creation of catalytically active structures. It discusses the formation of alloys, intermetallic compounds, single atom alloys, metal-oxide composites, and mixed metal oxides with diverse nanostructures. Additionally, GRR serves as a postsynthesis method to modulate metal-oxide interfaces through the replacement of oxide domains. The review also outlines potential future directions in this field.
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Oxygen vacancy-enriched ultrafine tetragonal ZrO2 was introduced as a support for copper nanoparticles to enhance the energy efficiency of CO2 hydrogenation for methanol synthesis. In situ spectroscopic techniques confirmed the oxygen vacancy-mediated single-electron CO2 activation. The resulting highly efficient catalyst yielded a methanol production rate of 550 mg gcat-1 h-1 at 200 °C, outperforming state-of-the-art Cu-based catalysts.
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Dióxido de Carbono , Cobre , Metanol , Electrones , OxígenoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Accurate identification of the histopathological grade and the Ki-67 expression level is important in clinical cases of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). PURPOSE: To explore the feasibility of a radiomics model based on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) MRI parameter maps in predicting the histopathological grade and Ki-67 expression level of STSs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In total, 42 patients diagnosed with STSs between May 2018 and January 2020 were selected. The MADC software in Functool of GE ADW 4.7 workstation was used to obtain standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), D, D*, f, mean diffusivity, and mean kurtosis (MK). The histopathological grade and Ki-67 expression level of STSs were identified. The radiomics features of IVIM and DKI parameter maps were used as the dataset. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and F1-score were calculated. RESULTS: D-SVM achieved the best diagnostic performance for histopathological grade. The AUC in the validation cohort was 0.88 (sensitivity: 0.75 [low level] and 0.83 [high level]; specificity: 0.83 [low level] and 0.75 [high level]; F1-score: 0.75 [low level] and 0.83 [high level]). MK-SVM achieved the best diagnostic performance for Ki-67 expression level. The AUC in the validation cohort was 0.83 (sensitivity: 0.83 [low level] and 0.50 [high level; specificity: 0.50 [low level] and 0.83 [high level]; F1-score: 0.77 [low level] and 0.57 [high level]). CONCLUSION: The proposed radiomics classifier could predict the pathological grade of STSs and the Ki-67 expression level in STSs.
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Sarcoma , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Imagen de Difusión Tensora/métodos , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Movimiento (Física) , Sarcoma/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Cherenkov images can be used for the quality assurance of dose homogeneity in total skin electron therapy (TSET). For the dose mapping purpose, this study reconstructed the patient model from 3D scans using registration algorithms and computer animation techniques. The Cherenkov light emission of the patient's surface was extracted from multi-view Cherenkov images, converted into dose distribution, and projected onto the patient's 3D model, allowing for dose cumulation and evaluation. The projected result from multiple Cherenkov cameras provides additional information about Cherenkov emission on the sides of the patients, which improves the agreement between the Cherenkov converted dose and the OSLD measurements.
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The development of biomimetic catalytic systems that can imitate or even surpass natural enzymes remains an ongoing challenge, especially for bioinspired syntheses that can access non-natural reactions. Here, we show how an all-inorganic biomimetic system bearing robust nitrogen-neighbored single-cobalt site/pyridinic-N site (Co-N4/Py-N) pairs can act cooperatively as an oxidase mimic, which renders an engaged coupling of oxygen (O2) reduction with synthetically beneficial chemical transformations. By developing this broadly applicable platform, the scalable synthesis of greater than 100 industrially and pharmaceutically appealing O-silylated compounds including silanols, borasiloxanes, and silyl ethers via the unprecedented aerobic oxidation of hydrosilane under ambient conditions is demonstrated. Moreover, this heterogeneous oxidase mimic also offers the potential for expanding the catalytic scope of enzymatic synthesis. We anticipate that the strategy demonstrated here will pave a new avenue for understanding the underlying nature of redox enzymes and open up a new class of material systems for artificial biomimetics.
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The recent remarkable success and safety of mRNA lipid nanoparticle technology for producing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines has stimulated intensive efforts to expand nanoparticle strategies to treat various diseases. Numerous synthetic nanoparticles have been developed for pharmaceutical delivery and cancer treatment. However, only a limited number of nanotherapies have enter clinical trials or are clinically approved. Systemically administered nanotherapies are likely to be sequestered by host mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), resulting in suboptimal pharmacokinetics and insufficient drug concentrations in tumors. Bioinspired drug-delivery formulations have emerged as an alternative approach to evade the MPS and show potential to improve drug therapeutic efficacy. Here we developed a biodegradable polymer-conjugated camptothecin prodrug encapsulated in the plasma membrane of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Polymer conjugation revived the parent camptothecin agent (e.g., 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), enabling lipid nanoparticle encapsulation. Furthermore, macrophage membrane cloaking transformed the nonadhesive lipid nanoparticles into bioadhesive nanocamptothecin, increasing the cellular uptake and tumor-tropic effects of this biomimetic therapy. When tested in a preclinical murine model of breast cancer, macrophage-camouflaged nanocamptothecin exhibited a higher level of tumor accumulation than uncoated nanoparticles. Furthermore, intravenous administration of the therapy effectively suppressed tumor growth and the metastatic burden without causing systematic toxicity. Our study describes a combinatorial strategy that uses polymeric prodrug design and cell membrane cloaking to achieve therapeutics with high efficacy and low toxicity. This approach might also be generally applicable to formulate other therapeutic candidates that are not compatible or miscible with biomimetic delivery carriers.
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BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of the histological grade and Ki-67 expression of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) before surgery is essential for the subsequent diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of patients. PURPOSE: To evaluate intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in predicting the histological grade and Ki-67 expression of STS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 patients underwent 3-T MRI, including conventional sequences; IVIM and DKI parameters were obtained. All patients were divided into a low-grade (grade 1 and grade 2) group and a high-grade (grade 3) group through pathological analysis. Ki-67 expression of each lesion was calculated. Chi-square test, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson, Spearman, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. RESULTS: There were 17 patients in the low-grade group and 23 in the high-grade group. Ki-67 expression was in the range of 10%-80%. D value was inversely correlated with Ki-67 expression. MK value showed a moderate positive correlation with Ki-67 expression. Regarding histological grading, only the peritumoral enhancement was statistically different between low- and high-grade STS on conventional MRI (P=0.024). The high-grade group had significantly higher MK value and lower D and MD value than the low-grade group. MK value showed the best diagnostic performance. The combination of MK and MD yielded the highest specificity (88.24%), and the combination of D, MK, and MD yielded the best area under the curve value (0.841) and sensitivity (95.65%). CONCLUSION: IVIM and DKI parameters were correlated with Ki-67 expression and could help differentiate between low- and high-grade STS.
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Sarcoma , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos , Humanos , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Antígeno Ki-67 , Imagen de Difusión Tensora/métodos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Movimiento (Física) , Sarcoma/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
To investigate the value of the radiomic models for differentiating parasellar cavernous hemangiomas from meningiomas and to compare the classification performance with different MR sequences and classifiers. A total of 96 patients with parasellar tumors (40 cavernous hemangiomas and 56 meningiomas) were enrolled in this retrospective multiple-center study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the clinical factors and semantic features of MRI scans. Radiomics features were extracted from five MRI sequences using radiomics software. Three feature selection methods and six classifiers were evaluated in the training cohort to construct favorable radiomic machine-learning classifiers. The performance of different classifiers was evaluated using the AUC and compared to neuroradiologists. The detection rates of T1WI, T2WI, and CE-T1WI for parasellar cavernous hemangiomas and meningiomas were approximately 100%. In contrast, the ADC maps had the detection rate of 18/22 and 19/25, respectively, (AUC, 0.881) with 2.25 cm as the critical value diameter. Radiomics models with the SVM and KNN classifiers based on T2WI and ADC maps had favorable predictive performances (AUC > 0.90 and F-score value > 0.80). These models outperformed MRI model (AUC 0.805) and neuroradiologists (AUC, 0.756 and 0.545, respectively). Radiomic models based on T2WI and ADC and combined with SVM and KNN classifiers have the potential to be a viable method for differentiating parasellar hemangiomas from meningiomas. T2WI is more universally applicable than ADC values due to its higher detection rate for parasellar tumors.
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Hemangioma Cavernoso , Neoplasias Meníngeas , Meningioma , Neuroblastoma , Humanos , Aprendizaje Automático , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Meníngeas/patología , Meningioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Meningioma/patología , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The clinicopathological and prognostic relevance of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) was investigated. METHODS: All patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and postoperative intravesical chemotherapy had their peripheral blood levels of NLR, PLR, and MLR quantified. The preoperative peripheral blood levels of NLR, PLR, and MLR were analyzed in patients with G1, G2, and G3 NMIBC. A total of 208 patients was divided into poor prognosis (PP, with recurrence, n=51) and good prognosis (GP, no recurrence, n=157) groups, according to whether the recurrence of NMIBC was observed at 1-year follow-up after treatment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic factors in NMIBC. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the prognostic performance of NLR, PLR, and MLR in NMIBC. RESULTS: The preoperative peripheral blood level of PLR was significantly increased in patients with G3 NMIBC compared with that in patients with G1 (p < 0.05) and G2 NMIBC (p < 0.05). The results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the tumor diameter, differentiation grade, and preoperative peripheral blood levels of NLR, PLR, and MLR were independent prognostic factors for NMIBC recurrence (p < 0.05). Compared with the NMIBC patients without recurrence, 3.490%, 177.575% and 3.175% were determined as the optimum prognostic cutoffs for NLR, PLR, and MLR, respectively. ROC curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of NLR, PLR, MLR, and combinations. In contrast to NLR, PLR, or MLR, the combination of NLR, PLR, and MLR (AUC 0.758, sensitivity 66.70%, specificity 89.80%,Youden index 0.565) improved the prognostic performance in the discrimination of NMIBC patients with recurrence from thosewithout recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative peripheral blood levels of NLR, PLR, and MLR, which were closely related to the grade and recurrence of NMIBC, were easy to detect and inexpensive. Moreover, these three factors showed the potential for auxiliary prognostic evaluation of NMIBC, wherein the combination than individual values exhibited better prognostic performance.