RESUMEN
HIV-associated cognitive neurological disorders (HAND) prevail in the antiretroviral therapy era. Proteomics analysis of CSF revealed expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) in Hispanic women with cognitive impairment (CI). We tested the hypothesis that there is reduced capacity of antioxidant enzymes in CI by measures of expression and activity of Cu/Zn SOD, catalase, and Se-glutathione peroxidase in HAND. Our results showed that the function of these antioxidants was decreased in the CSF and monocytes of women with CI. These findings have important implications regarding their possible contribution to oxidative stress and in the diagnosis and therapy for HAND.
Asunto(s)
Complejo SIDA Demencia/enzimología , Catalasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Monocitos/enzimología , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Complejo SIDA Demencia/sangre , Complejo SIDA Demencia/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Complejo SIDA Demencia/virología , Adulto , Análisis de Varianza , Catalasa/sangre , Catalasa/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Intervalos de Confianza , Femenino , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Glutatión Peroxidasa/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Hispánicos o Latinos , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Superóxido Dismutasa/líquido cefalorraquídeoRESUMEN
Approximately 35% of HIV-infected subjects, both children and adults, exhibit alterations in the sleep-waking cycle. HIV surface glycoprotein gp120 has been postulated to contribute to this abnormality. For example, it has been reported that HIVgp120 modifies sleep in freely-moving rats and that it also activates the ERK pathway in brain slices. The goal of this work was to determine if sleep changes induced by HIVgp120 in normal rats are mediated by the MAPK pathway. Our results show that a single intraventricular administration of HIVgp120 selectively increases REMS and that such an increase can be prevented by U0126, an inhibitor of ERK activating enzyme, MEK. In contrast, SB202190, a MAPK-p38 inhibitor, had no effect on HIVgp120-induced increase in REMS. These results suggest that HIVgp120 increases REMS in the rat by specifically affecting the ERK signal transduction pathway.