RESUMEN
Cascades of metabolic changes leading to acetone production are induced in states of energy catabolism such as starvation or the use of a ketogenic diet. The reduced capacity for cell detoxification or the increased generation of free radicals is responsible for the toxic effect of acetone. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of acute treatment (AT) with acetone on the oxidative and metabolic status of rats. The AT group (n=16) was treated by gavage with a single administration of 7.0 g acetone/kg body weight at a concentration of 25% (m/v). Eight rats were euthanized 6 h later (AT6) and eight 24 h later (AT24). Acetone levels were determined in blood and urine and oxidative parameters were analyzed by determining thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS, indicators of lipid peroxidation) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and vitamin E as antioxidant parameters. Serum glucose, blood cholesterol and triglycerieds and hepatic fat were also determined. The results indicated a significant difference in the hepatic oxidative parameters, serum glucose and in plasma triglycerides between the groups. Thus, we conclude that the administration of acute acetone doses can promote changes in some biochemical parameters and in the hepatic oxidative profile.
Asunto(s)
Acetona/farmacología , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Acetona/sangre , Acetona/orina , Tejido Adiposo/anatomía & histología , Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Colesterol/sangre , Hígado/anatomía & histología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Triglicéridos/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Reference values for some xenobiotics naturally present in the body are important for biomonitoring, in order to compare the levels found in a population exposed to the xenobiotic with those of a reference population. Acetone in urine (UAc) is the most used bioindicator to evaluate worker exposure to acetone and isopropanol. OBJECTIVES: Since acetone is also found in individuals not occupationally exposed to these solvents, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the basal levels of UAc and the possible influence of individual factors on such levels. METHODS: The population consisted in 207 individuals, 91 men and 116 women, between 18 and 80 years old. UAc was determined by headspace/gas chromatography/FID. RESULTS: For the total population, the reference values found were: mean (+/- SD), 1.12 (+/- 0.47) mg/l; median 1.04 mg/l; geometric mean 1.03 mg/l; 95% confidence interval 0.98-1.26 mg/l, 95th percentile 2.20 mg/l and upper reference level (mean+2 SD) 2.06 mg/l. As the values of UAc resulted in a non-Gaussian distribution, the option was to transform these values to log UAc, which drew the data closer to normal distribution (W=0. 98532, p<0.7000). CONCLUSIONS: Reference values for acetone in urine determined in a population in south Minas Gerais, Brazil, are close to the background values reported elsewhere; gender and ingestion of alcohol seem to affect the basal levels of urinary acetone, while age or smoking showed no similar effect.
Asunto(s)
Acetona/orina , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/orina , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valores de Referencia , Factores Sexuales , Fumar/orinaRESUMEN
Se ha utilizado la técnica de muestreo de la fase vapor en equilibrio con matrices líquidas (Static Headspace Analysis, Static HSA) para el estudio de orinas provenientes de niños normales y de pacientes diabéticos. El análisis de los componentes volátiles extraídos a 80 ñ 2º C se efectuó por cromatografía gaseosa empleando una columna rellena con "Porapak Q". Se demuestra que la expresión gráfica de los resultados mediante "perfiles cromatográficos", constituye una forma rápida de caracterizar y diferenciar individuos normales y diabéticos. Se destacan las ventajas de aplicación de esta técnica para contribuir al diagnóstico de algunas patologías matabólicas
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Niño , Adolescente , Acetona/orina , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , Cromatografía de Gases/métodos , Cuerpos Cetónicos/orina , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Cromatografía de Gases/estadística & datos numéricos , Cromatografía de Gases/instrumentación , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/orina , Diabetes Mellitus/orinaRESUMEN
Se ha utilizado la técnica de muestreo de la fase vapor en equilibrio con matrices líquidas (Static Headspace Analysis, Static HSA) para el estudio de orinas provenientes de niños normales y de pacientes diabéticos. El análisis de los componentes volátiles extraídos a 80 ñ 2º C se efectuó por cromatografía gaseosa empleando una columna rellena con "Porapak Q". Se demuestra que la expresión gráfica de los resultados mediante "perfiles cromatográficos", constituye una forma rápida de caracterizar y diferenciar individuos normal