Effect of a postoperative exercise program on arteriovenous fistula maturation: A randomized controlled trial.

Exercises after arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation may help to improve maturation; however, their usefulness has only been examined in indirect, non-comparative studies or small trials. Between June 2013 and November 2014, we included all ambulatory patients with stages 5-5D chronic kidney disease who were candidates for the creation of a native AVF in our center. After surgery, all patients were randomized to an exercise group or a control group with single-blind control. At 1 month postoperatively, clinical maturation (expert nurse inspection) and ultrasonographic maturation (flow >500 mL/min, venous diameter >5 mm and depth <6 mm) were assessed in all patients. A total of 72 patients were randomized, 3 were lost to follow-up, and 69 were finally analyzed. The mean age was 66.8 years (standard deviation 13.8), 70.0% were men, and 65.2% were in pre-dialysis. After surgery (42.0% had distal AVF), the patients were randomized (31 controls, 38 exercise group). At 1 month after surgery, global clinical and ultrasonographic maturation was assessed in 88.4% and 78.3% of AVF, respectively (kappa = 0.539). Non-significant differences in clinical or ultrasonographic maturation were seen between exercise and control group (94.7% vs. 80.6%, P = 0.069; 81.6% vs. 74.2%, P = 0.459). A stepwise logistic regression was performed to control previously analyzed asymmetrically distributed confounding factors (AVF localization), revealing that the exercise group showed greater clinical, but not ultrasonographic, maturation (odds ratio [OR] 5.861, 95% confidence interval: 1.006-34.146 and OR 2.403, 0.66-8.754). A postoperative controlled exercise program after AVF creation seems to increase 1-month clinical AVF maturation in distal accesses. Furthermore, exercise programs should be taken into account, especially in distal accesses.

Lumbociática como forma de presentación de una malformación vascular: síndrome de Foix-Alajouanine / Sciatica as a presentation form of a vascular malformation: Foix-Alajouanine syndrome

La lumbociática y la lumbalgia son el motivo más frecuente de consulta de origen musculoesquelético en atención primaria y especializada. Las malformaciones vasculares medulares y entre ellas las fístulas arteriovenosas son una rara entidad, pero una causa tratable de tetraplejía progresiva. Los síntomas de aparición pueden ser dolor radicular y lumbar, debilidad y alteración de esfínteres entre otros. La fisiopatología de estas malformaciones explica mediante las variaciones de presión venosa la forma de aparición relacionada con los esfuerzos y la clínica tan variable. Es imprescindible un diagnóstico diferencial con otras afecciones con sintomatología neurológica. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz puede evitar la progresión. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 40 años diagnosticado inicialmente de lumbociática, que evolucionó de manera aguda a una paraparesia y cuyo diagnóstico resultó ser una fístula arteriovenosa medular. Describimos los tipos de malformaciones arteriovenosas y su fisiopatología (AU)

Sciatica and low back pain are the most frequent reasons for skeletal muscle consultation in primary and specialized care. Spinal cord vascular malformations, among them arteriovenous fistulae, are a rare but a treatable condition of progressive paraplegia and tetraplegia. The initial symptoms may be radicular and lumbar pain, weakness and sphincters disorders, among others. The pathophysiology of these malformations explains the presentation form related to efforts and such variable clinical symptoms according to the variation of venous pressure. A differential diagnosis must be made in regards to other diseases that have neurological symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent the disease-progression. We report the case of a 40-year old man initially diagnosed of sciatica that evolved to acute paraparesia. Finally, he was diagnosed of spinal arteriovenous fistula. We describe the different types of arteriovenous malformations and their pathophysiology (AU)

Claudicación intermitente como manifestación del síndrome de Pratesi / Intermittent claudication as a clinical expression of Pratesi's syndrome

El síndrome de Pratesi se caracteriza por la existencia de múltiples fístulas arteriovenosas en los miembros inferiores y por afectar preferentemente al varón durante la edad media de la vida. Clínicamente, cursa con claudicación intermitente bilateral en la pantorrilla, no progresiva, con períodos de remisión espontánea, asociada a frialdad subjetiva en los pies, con aumento real de la temperatura. No aparece dolor en reposo y no se asocia a trastornos tróficos.Presentamos el caso de un varón de 36 años con dolor en el gemelo interno del miembro inferior derecho, desde hacía años, que le impedía realizar esfuerzos continuos. La confirmación diagnóstica se realizó mediante estudio angiográfico, tratándose de manera conservadora. La presencia de múltiples comunicaciones arteriovenosas dificulta el tratamiento quirúrgico, resultando imposible ligarlas todas.El objetivo principal de la presentación de este caso clínico es describir las características clínicas de este síndrome y aportar un nuevo caso a los pocos referidos en la literatura médica revisada (AU)

The syndrome of Pratesi is characterised by the existence of multiple arteriovenous fistulas in lower members, which affect mainly men in their middle age. Clinically evolves with non progressive bilateral intermittent claudication in calf, with periods of spontaneous remission, associated to a subjective coldness in feet together with a real increase of temperature. No pain appears when at rest, and trophic disorders are not associated.AbstractWe present the case of a man of thirty-six with a pain in the inner gemellus of his right lower member. It has prevented him from making a continued effort for years. Diagnosis should be confirmed by means of angiographic study and the treatment was conservative. The present of multiples communication arteriovenous is difficult for the chirurgical treatment because it is impossible to joint them all. The main objective of this clinical case presentation is to describe the clinical characteristics of this syndrome and also provide a new case to the few reported in the literature reviewed (AU)

Anatomy of the basilic vein in the arm and its importance for surgery

The anatomy of the basilic vein in the arm is described. Twenty-six arms from 13 cadavers were studied. A comparative analysis, which included the number of valves and measurement of the diameter of the basilic vein at three different points in the arm, was done. The basilic vein was always presente and single. In its superficial segment, this vein was joined by the intermediate cubital vein in 69.8 por cento (19/26) of the cases, by the intermediate basilic vein in 23.1 por cento (6/26)and by the intermediate vein of the forearm in 3.8 por cento (1/26). The basilic vein perforated the brachial fascia in the lower or mid third of the arm. The deep segment of the vein ran alone up to the inferior border of the m.teres major in 23.1 por cento (6/26) of the cases, and joined the medial brachial vein in 53.8 por cento (14/26),on the brachial vein in 23.1 por cento (6/26) before forming the axillary vein. the valves were predominantly bicuspid (89.3) por cento and were equally distributed between superficial (48.5) por centoand deep(51.5) por cento segments the basilic vein. These findings indicate that the basilic vein of the arm is anatomically compatible for use in arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. The superficial segment of this vein may also be used in general, vascular and endovascular surgery to introduce a catheter above the cubitus.