Association of body mass index with progression from binge-eating behavior into binge-eating disorder among adolescents in the United States: A prospective analysis of pooled data.

The association between body mass index (BMI) and binge-eating disorder (BED) is well-established. However, data on the extent to which BMI is associated with progression from binge-eating behavior into BED among adolescents are limited, which was the aim of this investigation. Participants were 9964 U.S. adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, aged 9-13 at the time of study enrollment. A computerized parent-reported assessment was used to establish adolescents' binge-eating behaviors and BED. Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for sociodemographic covariates were used to examine prospective associations between BMI and likelihood of BED onset among a) adolescents with binge-eating behavior, and b) adolescents with no binge-eating behavior. Of 975 adolescents who met the study criteria for binge-eating behavior, 89 (9.1%) subsequently met the study criteria for BED. Of 8989 adolescents with no binge-eating behavior, 82 (0.9%) subsequently met the study criteria for BED. BMI percentile was significantly associated with the likelihood of BED onset in participants with (adjusted HR = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00, 1.06) and participants without (adjusted HR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03, 1.07) binge-eating behavior. Results were also significant when examining BMI as a dichotomous predictor (above and below 85th percentile) among those with (adjusted HR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.00, 6.68) and those without (adjusted HR = 6.01, 95% CI 3.90, 11.10) binge-eating behavior. Overall, results indicate that elevated BMI is prospectively associated with a greater risk for BED onset among U.S. adolescents with or without binge-eating behavior. Adolescents with a higher BMI may benefit from screening for binge eating, and prevention/early intervention strategies to mitigate the risk for developing BED.

Multiple mediation of the association between childhood emotional abuse and adult obesity by anxiety and bulimia - a sample from bariatric surgery candidates and healthy controls.

Bulimia, which means a person has episodes of eating a very large amount of food (bingeing) during which the person feels a loss of control over their eating, is the most primitive reason for being overweight and obese. The extended literature has indicated that childhood emotional abuse has a close relationship with adverse mood states, bulimia, and obesity. To comprehensively understand the potential links among these factors, we evaluated a multiple mediation model in which anxiety/depression and bulimia were mediators between childhood emotional abuse and body mass index (BMI). A set of self-report questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), was sent out. Clinical data from 37 obese patients (age: 29.65 ± 5.35, body mass index (BMI): 37.59 ± 6.34) and 37 demographically well-matched healthy people with normal body weight (age: 31.35 ± 10.84, BMI: 22.16 ± 3.69) were included in the investigation. We first performed an independent t-test to compare all scales or subscale scores between the two groups. Then, we conducted Pearson correlation analysis to test every two variables' pairwise correlation. Finally, multiple mediation analysis was performed with BMI as the outcome variable, and childhood emotional abuse as the predictive variable. Pairs of anxiety, bulimia, and depression, bulimia were selected as the mediating variables in different multiple mediation models separately. The results show that the obese group reported higher childhood emotional abuse (t = 2.157, p = 0.034), worse mood state (anxiety: t = 5.466, p < 0.001; depression: t = 2.220, p = 0.030), and higher bulimia (t = 3.400, p = 0.001) than the healthy control group. Positive correlations were found in every pairwise combination of BMI, childhood emotional abuse, anxiety, and bulimia. Multiple mediation analyses indicate that childhood emotional abuse is positively linked to BMI (ß = 1.312, 95% CI = 0.482-2.141). The model using anxiety and bulimia as the multiple mediating variables is attested to play roles in the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and obesity (indirect effect = 0.739, 95% CI = 0.261-1.608, 56.33% of the total effect). These findings confirm that childhood emotional abuse contributes to adulthood obesity through the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and bulimia. The present study adds another potential model to facilitate our understanding of the eating psychopathology of obesity.

Cannabis use and binge eating: Examining the relationship between cannabis use and clinical severity among adults with binge eating.

Cannabis use is prevalent among individuals with binge eating (BE; i.e., the inability to control eating behavior). Yet, only two studies to date (both over 20 years old) have tested if cannabis use relates to clinical severity among BE samples. Characterizing the relationship between cannabis use, eating disorder (ED) severity, and other psychiatric symptoms in BE samples is necessary for informing screening and clinical recommendations. The present study characterized cannabis use among adults with BE and tested between-group and within-group relationships between cannabis use and eating disorder symptoms, alcohol consumption and symptoms, and depression symptoms. Participants (N = 165) were treatment-seeking adults with at least once weekly BE in the past 3 months who completed clinical interviews and self-report measures before treatment. Over 23% of participants reported cannabis use in the past 3 months, with most persons using cannabis reported using "once or twice" or "monthly." Most persons using cannabis reported cannabis-related symptoms. Persons using cannabis reported significantly greater alcohol consumption and were more likely to report alcohol-related symptoms compared to persons not using cannabis. No associations were observed between cannabis use, eating disorder symptoms, and depressions symptoms. These findings indicate that a notable subset of patients with BE use cannabis and experience cannabis-related problems, and that cannabis and alcohol use may be related for these individuals. Considering legal and sociocultural shifts in cannabis availability and prevalence, results from the present study support screening for cannabis and alcohol use patterns in patients with BE. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Eating Disorders in Men.

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders are seen mainly as a problem affecting women, not just by the public at large, but also in specialized circles. Although it is true that more women than men suffer from all types of eating disorder, pertinent reviews have clearly shown that they do indeed occur in men, and that the available evidence on the matter is limited. The stigmatization of men with eating disorders makes it harder for these men, and for the relevant professionals, to recognize the symptoms and to seek or provide help. METHODS: This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed on the epidemiological, diagnostic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of eating disorders in men. RESULTS: Current estimated lifetime prevalences in men are 0.2% for anorexia nervosa, 0.6% for bulimia nervosa, and 1% for bingeeating disorder; the corresponding figures for women are 1.4%, 1.9%, and 2.8%. Men and women may display different manifestations. Women are thought to be mainly seeking a slim figure and weight reduction; men, a muscular build. The established Germanlanguage screening and diagnostic tools, however, do not cover the types of symptoms that are more common in men. Little is known about whether treatment yields comparable results in men and women. CONCLUSION: It is important to combat the stigmati - zation of men with eating disorders and to remove the obstacles to their appropriate diagnosis and treatment. The current methods of screening and diagnosis need to be adapted to take account of the special aspects of abnormal eating behavior in men. It remains unclear whether and how the disorderspecific treatment of these conditions in men should differ from their treatment in women.

Weight stigma is a predictor of disordered eating in Brazilian college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A 16-month cohort follow-up.

This study examined the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating behaviors in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering individuals with and without overweight. A national sample of 738 college students completed an online questionnaire at three time points between July 2020 and December 2021, reporting their experiences of weight stigma, perceived increase in weight stigma during the pandemic, internalized weight stigma, and disordered eating behaviors. The findings showed that the trajectories of disordered eating behaviors varied depending on participants' anthropometric status. Among those with overweight, there was a decrease over time in binge eating, food restriction, and purging. Conversely, the non-overweight group experienced a slight increase in binge eating from T2 to T3. Using the Generalized Estimating Equations model, the study revealed that weight stigma predicted disordered eating behaviors in both weight spectrums during the pandemic. Experiences of weight stigma and the perceived increase in weight stigma significantly increased the likelihood of engaging in binge eating, food restriction, and purging among individuals with overweight. Furthermore, the internalization of weight stigma was longitudinally associated with all examined eating behaviors, regardless of anthropometric status. These findings highlight the importance of addressing weight stigma to prevent disordered eating in college students.

Not niche: eating disorders as an example in the dangers of overspecialisation.

Labelling specific psychiatric concerns as 'niche' topics relegated to specialty journals obstructs high-quality research and clinical care for these issues. Despite their severity, eating disorders are under-represented in high-impact journals, underfunded, and under-addressed in psychiatric training. We provide recommendations to stimulate broad knowledge dissemination for under-acknowledged, yet severe, psychiatric disorders.

Eating disorders and psychosis: a review and case report

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: The interplay between eating disorders and psychosis is a challenging field to which little attention has been paid. Its study raises conceptual and methodological questions in both areas, making the diagnosis and management of patients difficult. Such questions are addressed and illustrated with a review and case report. METHODS: The authors present the case of a woman with Anorexia Nervosa and with comorbid Shared Psychotic Disorder, based on a literature review regarding the comorbidity between eating disorders and psychosis. The authors conducted a non-systematic review by searching the PubMed database, using the Mesh Terms "anorexia nervosa", "bulimia nervosa", "comorbidity" and "psychotic disorders". RESULTS: The findings suggest that studies on the subject are limited by issues regarding data on the prevalence of comorbidities, phenomenological aspects of eating disorders, and the interface and integration with psychotic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The case presented illustrates the difficulties in managing a patient with a comorbid eating disorder and psychosis. In order to ensure a rigorous assessment of both psychotic and eating disorder symptoms, the focus should be on the pattern of appearance or emergence of symptoms, their phenomenology, clinical and family background of the patient, and clinical status on follow-up.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A interface entre perturbação do comportamento alimentar e psicose é um campo desafiador para o qual pouca atenção foi direcionada. O seu estudo levanta algumas questões conceituais e metodológicas em ambas as áreas, dificultando o diagnóstico e o manejo dos pacientes. Essas questões são abordadas e ilustradas neste trabalho com uma revisão e um relato de caso. MÉTODOS: Os autores apresentam o caso de uma mulher com anorexia nervosa e perturbação psicótica partilhada comórbida, com base numa revisão da literatura sobre a comorbilidade entre perturbação do comportamento alimentar e psicose. Os autores realizaram uma revisão não sistemática, por meio de pesquisa no banco de dados PubMed, utilizando os termos "anorexia nervosa", "bulimia nervosa", "comorbilidade" e "perturbações psicóticas". RESULTADOS: Os resultados sugerem que os estudos sobre o tema são limitados por questões inerentes a escassos dados sobre prevalência de comorbilidades, aspectos fenomenológicos das perturbações alimentares, e sua interface e integração com sintomas psicóticos. CONCLUSÕES: O caso apresentado ilustra as dificuldades no manejo de uma paciente com perturbação alimentar e psicose. A fim de garantir uma abordagem rigorosa dos sintomas psicóticos e alimentares, a avaliação do paciente deve focar o padrão de emergência dos sintomas, a sua fenomenologia, antecedentes clínicos e familiares e o seu status clínico.

Comportamiento clínico y enfoque terapéutico de los trastornos alimentarios en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 / Clinical Behavior and Therapeutic Approach of Eating Disorders in People with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Introducción: El comportamiento clínico de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y el enfoque terapéutico de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria se complejizan cuando estos coinciden en una misma persona. Objetivo: Describir algunos aspectos del comportamiento clínico y enfoque terapéutico de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura relevante sobre el tema en el primer semestre de 2019. Se utilizaron como buscadores de información científica a Pubmed y a Google Académico. Como criterios iniciales de elegibilidad, se evaluaron artículos de revisión, de investigación y páginas Web que, en general, tenían menos de 10 años de publicados, en idioma español, portugués e inglés, y que hicieran referencia específicamente al tema de estudio a través del título. Fueron excluidos los artículos que no cumplieron con estas condiciones. Esto permitió el estudio de 65 artículos, de los cuales 33 fueron referenciados. Conclusiones: El comportamiento clínico de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 combina síntomas y signos propios de ambas dolencias. Ambas entidades nosológicas se deben prevenir, pesquisar, diagnosticar e intervenir desde los servicios de atención primaria de salud, a través de una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. El tratamiento endocrinológico, unido a la terapia individual, la psicoeducación relacionada con los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, la terapia familiar y un plan de tratamiento integral para la salud mental son imprescindibles desde el primer nivel de atención(AU)

Introduction: The clinical behavior of type 1 diabetes mellitus and the therapeutic approach to eating disorders become more complex when they coincide in the same person. Objective: To describe some aspects of the clinical behavior and therapeutic approach of eating disorders in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A search of relevant literature on the subject was carried out in the first semester of 2019. We used, as search engines for scientific information, Pubmed and Google Scholar. As initial eligibility criteria, we evaluated review articles, research articles, and web pages which, in general, were published less than 10 years ago, in Spanish, Portuguese and English, and which made, in their titles, specific reference to the topic of the study. Articles that did not meet these conditions were excluded. This allowed the study of 65 articles, of which 33 were referenced. Conclusions: The clinical behavior of eating disorders in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus combines symptoms and signs typical of both conditions. Both nosological entities must be prevented, screened, diagnosed and intervened, starting in primary health care services, through an interdisciplinary perspective. Endocrinological treatment, together with individual therapy, eating disorders-related psychoeducation, family therapy, and a comprehensive treatment plan for mental health are essential, starting in the first level of care(AU)

Risk behavior for bulimia among adolescents / Comportamento de risco para bulimia em adolescentes

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the risk behavior for bulimia among female adolescents from public and private high schools. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a random sample of 850 female students aged 15-18 years was carried out in a city in northeastern Brazil, using the Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) to assess the risk behavior for bulimia. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and the Pearson's chi-square , Fisher's exact and robust Poisson regression tests, adopting the significance level of 5%. Results: Less than half of the sample (42.0%) showed standards of dietary risk and weight control practices; in 1.4% of the sample, bulimia signs were already installed. Fear of gaining weight was reported by 62.8% of the subjects. Risk practices were lower among students from public schools; (Odds Ratio - OR - 0.82; confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI - 0.69-0.97). Among restrictive practices, fasting for a whole day was the most applied (29.9% of the students). Among individuals who were at risk situation, almost half believed to have normal eating habits (prevalence ratio - PR - 0.42; 95%CI 0.36-0.49). Individuals who consider their eating habits normal, who are afraid of gaining weight, those who seek emotional comfort in food and follow strict diets had higher risk for bulimia (p<0.05). Conclusions: The number of female adolescent students with risk behavior practices for bulimia is high, and the frequency of those unaware of this situation is also very high. Risk situations emerge as a collective health problem, and individuals from private schools were more likely to be in this situation.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar comportamentos de risco para bulimia em adolescentes do sexo feminino de escolas públicas e particulares. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra aleatória de 850 estudantes do sexo feminino, com idades entre 15 e 18 anos, realizado em cidade do Nordeste do Brasil, utilizando o Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) para avaliar comportamentos de risco para transtornos alimentares. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson, o teste exato de Fisher e a regressão de Poisson, com o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), adotando o nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Da amostra estudada, 42,0% apresentou padrões de risco e práticas de dieta e controle de peso e 1,4% já apresentava sinais de bulimia instalados. O medo de ganhar peso foi relatado por 62,8% das adolescentes. As práticas de risco foram menos frequentes em estudantes de escolas públicas (Odds Ratio - OR - 0,82; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% - 0,69-0,97). Entre as práticas restritivas, jejum por um dia inteiro foi o mais aplicado pelas participantes (29,9%). Entre os indivíduos com situação de risco, quase metade acreditava ter hábitos alimentares normais (razão de prevalência - RP - 0,42; IC95% 0,36-0,49). Estudantes que consideram seus hábitos alimentares normais, que têm medo de ganhar peso, que procuram conforto emocional em alimentos e seguem dietas rigorosas tiveram maior risco para bulimia (p<0,05). Conclusões: O número de estudantes com práticas de comportamento de risco para bulimia é alto, e o número daquelas que desconhecem essa situação também é muito alto. As situações de risco emergem como problemas de saúde coletiva, e indivíduos de escolas particulares são mais propensos a apresentar transtornos alimentares.

Depression, anxiety, and binge eating before and after bariatric surgery: problems that remain / Depressão, ansiedade e compulsão alimentar antes e após cirurgia bariátrica: problemas que persistem

ABSTRACT Background: As the number of surgeries increases and the elapsed time of the realization increases as well, the postoperative evaluations would become increasingly necessary. Aim: To assess the psychological profile before and after surgery. Methods: Were evaluated 281 patients from the public service of bariatric surgery. In this study, 109 patients completed the evaluations before surgery (T0) and up to 23 months after surgery (T1); 128 completed the evaluations in T0 and between 24 months and 59 months after surgery (T2); and 44 completed the evaluations in T0 and 60 months after surgery (T3). A semi-structured interview, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety (BAI), and the Binge Eating Scale (BES) were used. Results: There was a higher prevalence of female (83%), patients with less than 12 years of education (83%), and patients who have a partner (64%). Analyzing all times of evaluation, regarding anxiety, depression, and binge eating, there was a reduction in all symptoms in T1, pointing to significant improvements in the first 23 months after surgery. Already, in T2 and T3, there was an increase in all indicators of anxiety, depression, and binge eating pointing to the transient impact of weight loss or bariatric surgery on these symptoms. Conclusions: This study shows the importance of the continuous psychological evaluation and needs for the appropriate interventions for these patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, even after weight loss.

RESUMO Racional: Avaliações pós-operatórias têm se tornado necessárias em ciruriga bariátrica considerando o grande número de operações e o tempo decorrido de sua realização. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil psicológico de pacientes de um serviço público de cirurgia bariátrica antes e após o procedimento. Métodos: Foram avaliados no total 281 pacientes. Destes, 109 completaram as avaliações antes (T0) e até 23 meses após a operação (T1); 128 completaram as avaliações em T0 e entre 24 meses e 59 meses após a operação (T2); e 44 completaram as avaliações em T0 e 60 meses após a operação (T3). Foram utilizados entrevista semi-estruturada, Inventário Beck de Depressão (BDI), Inventário Beck de Ansiedade (BAI) e Escala de Compulsção Alimentar Periódica (ECAP). Resultados: Observou-se maior prevalência de mulheres (83%), pacientes com menos de 12 anos de escolaridade (83%) e pacientes que tinham um companheiro(a) (64%). Ao analisar todos os tempos de avaliação, observou-se que, com relação à ansiedade, depressão e compulsão alimentar, houve redução de todos os sintomas em T1, apontando para melhorias significativas nos primeiros 23 meses após a operação. Já em T2 e T3 observou-se aumento de todos os indicadores de ansiedade, depressão e compulsão alimentar, apontando para o impacto transitório da perda de peso alcançada pela cirurgia bariátrica nesses sintomas. Conclusões: Este estudo mostra a importância de avaliações psicológicas contínuas e a necessidade de intervenções multiprofissionais apropriadas para pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica, mesmo após a perda de peso.

Anorexia y bulimia. Impacto en la sociedad red / Anorexia and bulimia: impact on network society

Las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TIC) tienen una influencia creciente en el modo de relacionarnos y en la configuración de la identidad personal. El fenómeno de las redes sociales en Internet emerge con fuerza y contribuye al desarrollo de nuevos espacios de comunicación que, en ocasiones, rompen con el discurso oficial que marca la evidencia científica en materia de salud. Este trabajo analiza el impacto de las TIC sobre la identidad de los nativos digitales y sobre los Trastornos en la Conducta Alimentaria (TAC). Se dedica especial atención a cómo la sociedad red condiciona la respuesta de las personas jóvenes ante enfermedades como la anorexia y la bulimia, y cómo los cuidados enfermeros deben tener en cuenta estos condicionantes para mejorar la eficacia y la calidad en la atención asistencial y en los cuidados del paciente (AU)

The Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have an increasing influence on the way we relate and in shaping personal identity. The phenomenon of online social networking emerges strongly and contributes to the development of new spaces breaking with the official discourse that marks the scientific evidence on health. This paper analyzes the impact of ICT in relation to the identity of the digital natives and eating disorders (ED). Particular attention to how the network society determines the response of young people in situations of social tension is dedicated. To do this, provides a perspective on the concept of interaction from the analysis of the discourse on anorexia and bulimia in the network, and how to care nurses should consider these factors to improve efficiency and quality in clinical care and patient care (AU)

Analysis of information content and general quality of obesity and eating disorders websites / Análisis de la calidad general y de la información contenida en páginas web sobre obesidad y trastornos de la alimentación

Introduction: nowadays, the Internet is increasingly used by providers as a source of information for eating disorder health issues. However, health information on the Internet remains unregulated and varies in quality, accuracy and readability. Objective: the objective of this study was to determine both general and information quality of eating disorder websites, including obesity websites. Methods: three key terms (obesity, anorexia and bulimia) were entered into the Google® search engine. Websites were assessed using two tests (HonCode® certification and Bermudez-Tamayo et al. test) to analyze overall quality, and a third test (DISCERN test) to analyze specifically information quality. Results: there were no significant differences regarding overall quality among the different pathologies studied (p=0.197), although anorexia websites tended to obtain lower quality scores. Furthermore, all evaluated websites showed significant deficiencies regarding information quality (p=0.032). Nevertheless, obesity websites showed a significant higher information quality than anorexia websites. Discussion and conclusion: the overall quality of eating disorders websites is moderate, but the information quality that they contain is fairly poor. Remarkably, anorexia nervosa websites showed both the lower information and general quality, while bulimia websites showed a higher general quality and obesity websites presented the most reliable information (AU)

Introducción: actualmente, el uso de Internet como fuente de información sobre temas de salud, y más concretamente sobre trastornos alimentarios, está aumentando enormemente. Sin embargo, al no existir una regulación precisa, la información disponible puede variar en calidad y fiabilidad. Objetivo: el objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar tanto la calidad general como la información contenida en las páginas web sobre obesidad y trastornos de la alimentación más visitadas en España. Métodos: se introdujeron consecutivamente los términos ‘obesidad’, ‘anorexia’ y ‘bulimia’ en el buscador Google®. La calidad general de las páginas web se analizó mediante dos test, la certificación internacional HonCode® y el test de Bermúdez-Tamayo et al.; la calidad de la información se analizó específicamente con el test DISCERN. Resultados: no observamos diferencias significativas en la calidad general entre las diferentes patologías estudiadas (p=0,197), aunque las páginas web sobre anorexia obtuvieron las menores puntuaciones. Además, todas las páginas web mostraron deficiencias significativas respecto a la calidad de la información (p=0,032). No obstante, las páginas sobre obesidad mostraron mayor calidad que las de anorexia. Discusión: la calidad general de las páginas sobre trastornos nutricionales es moderada, pero la calidad de la información que contienen es bastante deficiente. Hay que destacar que las páginas web sobre anorexia mostraron tanto la peor calidad como la peor información (AU)

Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos / Levantamento parasitológico em aves de alguns zoológicos brasileiros

A parasitological survey was conducted at some zoos in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, from 2009 to 2011. Several groups of birds were surveyed for fecal samples, but the most important was Psittacidae. Among the parasites, Eimeria (coccidian) and Capillaria, Ascaridia and Heterakis (nematodes) were observed in almost one third of the samples. Presence of a rich parasite fauna associated with captive birds seems to be an effect of captivity, since data on free-ranging birds indicate few or virtually no parasites at all. The discovery of new coccidian species during this survey reveals the need of more research on the subject as even well-known bird species have unknown parasites, but caution must be exercised in order to avoid descriptions of pseudoparasites.

Um levantamento parasitológico foi conduzido em alguns zoológicos dos Estados de São Paulo e Paraná, Brasil, de 2009 a 2011. Vários grupos de aves foram examinados por meio de amostras fecais, sendo o mais importante o Psittacidae. Entre os parasitas, Eimeria (coccidio) e Capillaria, Ascaridia e Heterakis (nematoides) foram observados em quase um terço das amostras. A presença de uma rica fauna parasitária associada a aves cativas parece ser um efeito do cativeiro, já que dados oriundos de animais de vida livre mostraram poucos ou virtualmente nenhum parasita. A descoberta de novas espécies de coccídeos durante esse levantamento revela a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre o assunto, pois até espécies de aves bem conhecidas têm parasitas desconhecidos, por isso toda cautela é necessária para se evitar a descrição de pseudoparasitas.

Evolución psicológica de los pacientes afectos de obesidad mórbida intervenidos mediante una gastrectomía tubular / Psychological changes in morbidly obese patients after sleeve gastrectomy

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del estudio es observar la evolución psicológica en un grupo de pacientes intervenidos mediante gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica (GVL) y tras un año de seguimiento multidisciplinar. MÉTODOS: Un total de 46 pacientes con un IMC de 35 o superior completaron las pruebas psicológicas antes de la cirugía, y volvieron a cumplimentar dichas pruebas al año de la GVL (tras un seguimiento médico, nutricional y psicológico). RESULTADOS: Se observó una mejoría en todas las escalas analizadas, excepto el perfeccionismo. Los cambios más significativos se refieren al área de sintomatología alimentaria, con una mejora del 89% en bulimia (p < 0,01), y un 55% en insatisfacción corporal (p < 0,01) e ineficacia (p < 0,01). Por otra parte, en el área de calidad de vida cabe destacar una mejoría del 57% en el cambio de salud (p < 0,01). CONCLUSIÓN: La GVL con un seguimiento multidisciplinar se confirma como una intervención efectiva para mejorar los síntomas bulímicos y la calidad de vida. Estos resultados son similares a los recogidos en diferentes estudios con bypass gástrico, y no tanto a otros con gastroplastia vertical anillada y banda gástrica ajustable. Sin embargo, son necesarios estudios a largo plazo para confirmar esta tendencia

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to observe the psychological changes at one-year postop in a group of patients undergoing laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy (GVL) and multidisciplinary follow-up. METHODS: A total of 46 patients with a BMI-35 or higher, who were selected for GVL, completed psychological testing. After GVL surgery, patients received psychological, nutritional, and medical attention during 12 months, and they retook the same tests. RESULTS: Psychological tests showed an improvement on almost all scales tested, except perfectionism. The most significant change was in the benchmark for Eating Disorders with an improvement of 89% for bulimia (P<.01), and 55% for body dissatisfaction (P<.01) and ineffectiveness (P<.01). In quality of life there was an improvement of 57% in the change in health status (P<.01). CONCLUSION: During our study, a protocol involving GVL and multidisciplinary follow-ups proved to be an effective intervention for improving bulimic symptoms and quality of living. The results of these psychological changes are similar to Roux-en-Y Gastric bypass but different to vertical banded gastroplasty or adjustable gastric band, according to previous studies. However, long-term studies are necessary to confirm this trend

Impact of bariatric surgery on depression and anxiety symptons, bulimic behaviors and quality of life / O impacto da cirurgia bariátrica nos sintomas depressivos e ansiosos, comportamento bulímico e na qualidade de vida

OBJECTIVE: To assess psychiatric symptoms, substance use, quality of life and eating behavior of patients undergoing bariatric surgery before and after the procedure. METHODS: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of 32 women undergoing bariatric surgery. To obtain data, the patients answered specific, self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: We observed a reduction in depressive and anxious symptoms and also in bulimic behavior, as well as an improved quality of life in the physical, psychological and environmental domains. There was also a decrease in use of antidepressants and appetite suppressants, but the surgery was not a cessation factor in smoking and / or alcoholism. CONCLUSION: a decrease in psychiatric symptoms was observed after bariatric surgery, as well as the reduction in the use of psychoactive substances. In addition, there was an improvement in quality of life after surgical treatment of obesity. .

OBJETIVO: avaliar a sintomatologia psiquiátrica, o uso de substâncias, a qualidade de vida e o comportamento alimentar de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica antes e após o procedimento. MÉTODOS: estudo longitudinal prospectivo com 32 mulheres submetidas à cirurgia báriatrica. Para a obtenção de dados, as pacientes responderam a questionários específicos, autoaplicados. RESULTADOS: foi identificada uma redução na sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa e também no comportamento bulímico, bem como uma melhora na qualidade de vida nos domínios físico, psíquico e ambiental. Houve diminuição do uso de antidepressivos e de moderadores de apetite, porém a cirurgia não foi um fator determinante na cessação do tabagismo e/ou etilismo. . CONCLUSÃO: foi observada uma diminuição da sintomatologia psiquiátrica após a cirurgia bariátrica, bem como redução do uso de substâncias psicoativas. Além disso, houve melhora na qualidade de vida após o tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade. .

Trastornos estomatológicos desencadenados por la bulimia nerviosa: trabajo de investigación UNLP / Stomatological disorders produced by bulimia nervosa: UNLP investigation paper

La investigación se llevó a cabo en ALUBA (Asociación de Lucha contra la Bulimia y la Anorexia), una institución creada por padres de pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria , El estudio de campo se efectuó sobre 29 pacientes que padecían bulimia, subtipo purgativa. El objetivo planteado fue describir cómo se alteran las estructuras estomatológicas y cómo influe sobre el patrón deglutorio. Se pretende ampliar el campo de acción de la fonoaudiología e incluir a la patología alimentaria dentro del protocolo de anamnesis y valoración de nuestra área de incumbencia, así como también poder brindar una respuesta terapéutica a este tipo de trastorno . Este trabajo es una investigación de tipo transversal, descriptiva. Los resultados más relevantes fueron el hallazgo de patrones deglutorios alterados en el 79,31 por ciento de los pacientes, ausencia del reflejo nauseoso en el 93,10 por ciento y marcadas disfonías en el 68,96 por ciento. En cuanto al sistema dentario, la característica más importante fue el desgaste de piezas dentarias en el 51.72 por ciento, y la presencia de caries en el 53,33 por ciento. Se reconoce que todas estas alteraciones son factores comunes hallados en pacientes seculares de bulimia subtipo purgativa. Podemos afirmar que fueron producidas por los ácidos digestivos y contracciones constantes de los músculos de todo el organismo producidos por el vómito autoprovocado, que llegaron a lesionar las estructuras blandas del sistema fonoestomatológico y a modificar su funcionalidad.

Trastornos estomatológicos desencadenados por la bulimia nerviosa: trabajo de investigación UNLP / Stomatological disorders produced by bulimia nervosa: UNLP investigation paper

La investigación se llevó a cabo en ALUBA (Asociación de Lucha contra la Bulimia y la Anorexia), una institución creada por padres de pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria , El estudio de campo se efectuó sobre 29 pacientes que padecían bulimia, subtipo purgativa. El objetivo planteado fue describir cómo se alteran las estructuras estomatológicas y cómo influe sobre el patrón deglutorio. Se pretende ampliar el campo de acción de la fonoaudiología e incluir a la patología alimentaria dentro del protocolo de anamnesis y valoración de nuestra área de incumbencia, así como también poder brindar una respuesta terapéutica a este tipo de trastorno . Este trabajo es una investigación de tipo transversal, descriptiva. Los resultados más relevantes fueron el hallazgo de patrones deglutorios alterados en el 79,31 por ciento de los pacientes, ausencia del reflejo nauseoso en el 93,10 por ciento y marcadas disfonías en el 68,96 por ciento. En cuanto al sistema dentario, la característica más importante fue el desgaste de piezas dentarias en el 51.72 por ciento, y la presencia de caries en el 53,33 por ciento. Se reconoce que todas estas alteraciones son factores comunes hallados en pacientes seculares de bulimia subtipo purgativa. Podemos afirmar que fueron producidas por los ácidos digestivos y contracciones constantes de los músculos de todo el organismo producidos por el vómito autoprovocado, que llegaron a lesionar las estructuras blandas del sistema fonoestomatológico y a modificar su funcionalidad.(AU)

Hábitos y Trastornos Alimenticios asociados a factores Socio-demográficos, Físicos y Conductuales en Universitarios de Cartagena, Colombia / Eating habits and disorders associated to socio-demographic, physical and behavioural factors in university students, Cartagena Colombia

Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de hábitos y desórdenes alimenticios en universitarios y relacionarlos con factores socio-demográficos, físicos y conductuales. Diseño. Estudio de corte transversal. Emplazamiento. Municipio de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. Participantes. Un total de 1.040 estudiantes de los programas diurnos y nocturnos de la Universidad de Cartagena. Mediciones principales. Se utilizó una encuesta estructurada para evaluar hábitos alimenticios y aspectos socio-demográficos, EAT-26 y SCOFF para trastornos alimenticios y escala de Holmes and Rahe para la susceptibilidad de enfermar. Se estimó la ocurrencia a través de prevalencias, las relaciones entre variables a través de razones de disparidad y el análisis multivariable mediante regresión logística nominal. Resultados. El motivo más frecuente para no alimentarse bien fue la falta de costumbre y tiempo. La susceptibilidad de enfermar fue del 23,1% y el riesgo de anorexia y bulimia del 14,2%. En el análisis multivariable el mejor modelo con el SCOFF mostró significación estadística con edad (OR: 1,86), susceptibilidad de enfermar (OR: 1,77), dieta (OR: 2,81), problemas de colon (OR: 1,8) y no realizar actividad física (OR: 3,04). Conclusiones. Los hábitos y trastornos de alimentación en estudiantes universitarios están influidos por factores relacionados con el quehacer universitario, siendo necesario considerar este comportamiento alimentario como un problema relevante que interactúa con el buen desarrollo de las actividades académicas (AU)

Objective. To describe the prevalence of eating habits and disorders in university students and their relationship with socio-demographic, physical and behavioural factors. Design. Cross-sectional study Setting. Municipality of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. Participants. 1040 students in day and evening programmes at the University of Cartagena. Main measurements. A structured questionnaire was used to assess eating habits and socio-demographic factors; EAT-26 and SCOFF for eating disorders and the Holmes and Rahe scale for the susceptibility to disease. Occurrence was estimated by prevalence, assuming confidence 95% intervals. Relationships between variables were evaluated using odds ratios and multivariate analysis using nominal logistic regression. Results. The most common reason for not eating well was the lack of habit and time. Susceptibility to disease was 23.1% and the risk of anorexia and bulimia 14.2%. The best model for logistic regression with SCOFF showed statistical significance with age (OR: 1.86), susceptibility to disease (OR: 1.77), diet (OR: 2.81), colon problems (OR: 1.8), and lack of physical activity (OR: 3.04). Conclusions. Eating habits and disorders in university students are influenced by factors related to university life. This behavior should be considered as a serious problem that one that interferes with the smooth running of academic activities (AU)

La alimentación y sus perversiones. Anorexia, vigorexia,bulimia y obesidad / No disponible

No disponible

Manifestaciones dentales en pacientes con anorexia y bulimia tipo compulsivo purgativo / Dental manifestations of patients with anorexia and compulsive purgative type bulimia

Introducción y Objetivo: El aumento de la frecuencia que han tenido los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) principalmente anorexia y bulimia nerviosa, en la población de mujeres adolescentes a nivel mundial comenzaron a permear las diferentes esferas de nuestra sociedad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las manifestaciones dentales presentes en un grupo de pacientes con bulimia y anorexia nerviosa tipo compulsivo purgativo en siete instituciones de Bogotá en el año 2007. Materiales y Métodos: El tipo de estudio es de seriede casos conformado por 15 mujeres voluntarias mayores de 18 años con una evolución de la enfermedad mayor a seis meses y excluyendo pacientes con reflujo gastro-esofágico, las variables que se tomaron fueron la edad, ocupación, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, antecedentes médicos, tratamiento médico, vómito, higiene oral, placa blanda, estado de la dentición, necesidad de tratamiento y erosión dental. Resultados: Presentaron Bulimia el 93.3% (n=14) y anorexiade tipo compulsivo purgativo el 6,7%, con un promedio de edad de 22±4.3 años, el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad fue de 4.2±2.7 años, presentaron una frecuencia de vómito de 4 a 7 veces al día el 46.7%, el índice de placa blanda promedio fue de 0.47 ± 0.2, el índice de CPO-Dfue de 6±3.9, la necesidad de tratamiento más frecuente fue la obturación de dos superficies dentales con un 60%, las superficies dentales se encontraron en un 47.3% en grado II y el 42.5% en grado I. Conclusiónes: Se presentaron buenos hábitos de higiene oral con un CPO-D alto y una erosión dental leve y moderada que puede estar relacionado con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad y la frecuencia del vómito.

Introducion and Objectives: The increase in the frequency that had the eating disorders (TCA) mainly anorexia and bulimia nervosa in the population of female adolescents worldwide began topermeate the different spheres of our society. The objective of this study was to identify the dental manifestations of a group of patients with bulimia and nervous purgative compulsive anorexia in seven institutions from Bogota, Colombia in 2007. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of series of a cases of 15 volunteer women older than 18 years of age who had a history of the diseases greater than six months without gastro-esophagic reflux ebb tide; variables considered included age, occupation, medical time of evolution of the disease, antecedents, medical treatment, vomit, oral hygiene, dental plaque, dental status, treatment needs and dental erosion. Results: 93.3% (n=14 displayed Bulimia) and purgative compulsive type 6,7% (n=1), with an average of age of 22.67±4.3 years old; time of evolution of the disease was of 4.2±2.7 years, frequency of vomit was 4 to 7 times per day 46,7% (n=7), the average plaque index was of 0,47 ± 0,2, dmf-index was 6.07±3.9, the most frequent treatment need was two-surface restorations with 60% (n=12), 47.3% (n=138) of dental surfaces were class II and 42.5% (n=124) class I. Conclusions: It was concluded that patients had good oral hygiene habits, with an increased dmf scores slight to moderate dental erosions which could be related to the time of evolution of the disease and the frequency del vomit.