Dynamic studies of transnitrosation of thiols of biological importance by the nitrosated 4,4',4'',4'''-tetrasulfophthalocyaninecobaltate(III) anion in aqueous solution.

The kinetics of interaction of Co(III)TSPcNO (TSPc = 4,4',4'',4'''-tetrasulfophthalocyanine) with various thiols of biological relevance, e.g., reduced glutathione (GSH), captopril (CapSH), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NALC), and L-cysteine ethyl ester (LCEE) have been investigated spectrophotometrically. The observed rate constants for transnitrosation are all first-order with respect to the respective thiols. The second-order rate constants which were determined at physiological temperature, 37 degrees C are 258+/-8, 159+/-3, 66.7+/-1.3 and 37.4+/-0.6 M(-1) s(-1), respectively. The second-order rate constants decreased according to the sequence LCEE > CapSH > GSH > NALC. The activation parameters (DeltaH(not equal) and DeltaS(not equal)) were derived from the Eyring's equation. The experimental activation parameters were then correlated by an isokinetic plot, for the reduction of [Co(III)TSPc(NO(-))](4-) by the thiols, making use of the expression: DeltaH(double dagger) = DeltaG(0)(double dagger) + beta(0)DeltaS(double dagger) where DeltaG(o)(double dagger) is the intrinsic free energy of activation, and beta(o) the isokinetic temperature. The plot which showed very good linearity (R(2) = 0.997), gave values of DeltaG(o)(double dagger) (61+/-1 J K(-1) mol(-1)) from the intercept, and beta(o) (260+/-11 K) from the slope. It is concluded that a common mechanism is adhered to in the reduction of Co(III)TSPcNO, irrespective of the type of thiol being used, to give the corresponding S-nitrosothiol, which is further confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detector.

Dynamics of interaction of vitamin C with some potent nitrovasodilators, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d,l-penicillamine (SNAP) and S-nitrosocaptopril (SNOCap), in aqueous solution.

The reductive decomposition of both SNAP and SNOCap by ascorbate in aqueous solution (in the presence of EDTA) was thoroughly investigated. Nitric oxide (NO) release from the reaction occurs in an ascorbate concentration and pH dependent manner. Rates and hence NO release increased drastically with increasing pH, signifying that the most highly ionized form of ascorbate is the more reactive species. The experiments were monitored spectrophotometrically, and second-order rate constants calculated at 37 degrees C for the reduction of SNAP are k(b)=9.81+/-1.39 x 10(-3) M(-1) s(-1) and k(c)=662+/-38 M(-1) s(-1) and for SNOCap are k(b)=2.57+/-1.29 x 10(-2) M(-1) s(-1) and k(c)=49.7+/-1.3 M(-1) s(-1). k(b) and k(c) are the second-order rate constants via the ascorbate monoanion (HA-) and dianion (A2-) pathways, respectively. Activation parameters were also calculated and are DeltaHb++ =93+/-7 kJ mol(-1), DeltaSb++ =15+/-2 J K(-1) mol(-1) and DeltaHc++ =51+/-5 kJ mol(-1), DeltaSc++ =-28+/-3 J K(-1) mol(-1) with respect to the reactions involving SNAP. Those for the reaction between SNOCap and ascorbate were calculated to be DeltaHb++ =63+/-11 kJ mol(-1), DeltaSb++ =-71+/-20 J K(-1) mol(-1) and DeltaHc++ =103+/-7 kJ mol(-1), DeltaSc++ =118+/-8 J K(-1) mol(-1). The effect of Cu2+/Cu+ ions on the reductive decompositions of these S-nitrosothiols was also investigated in absence of EDTA. SNOCap exhibits relatively high stability at near physiological conditions (37 degrees C and pH 7.55) even in the presence of micromolar concentrations of Cu2+, with decomposition rate constant being 0.011 M(-1) s(-1) in comparison to SNAP which is known to be more susceptible to catalytic decomposition by Cu2+ (second-order rate constant of 20 M(-1) s(-1) at pH 7.4 and 25 degrees C). It was also observed that the reductive decomposition of SNAP is not catalyzed by alkali metal ions, however, there was an increase in rate as the ionic strength increases from 0.2 to 0.5 mol dm(-3) NaCl.