RESUMEN
Early identification of autism has become a national priority but, despite efforts, there are children who are being identified at a later age. In this study, children of Hispanic and African American origin, foreign-born children, and children born to foreign mothers were more likely to be diagnosed later.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Generalizados del Desarrollo Infantil/diagnóstico , Trastornos Generalizados del Desarrollo Infantil/etnología , Diagnóstico Tardío/estadística & datos numéricos , Negro o Afroamericano , Niño , Trastornos Generalizados del Desarrollo Infantil/epidemiología , Preescolar , Femenino , Hispánicos o Latinos , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Ciudad de Nueva York/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
In this study the authors used a cross-cultural approach to examine parental attitudes, attachment styles, social networks, and some of the psychological processes involved in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Fifty-two children (aged 4-11 years) took part in the study: 30 Italians (15 with ASD and 15 controls) and 22 Cubans (11 with ASD and 11 controls). Findings indicated significant differences between the two cultural groups in terms of the structure of the children's social network and parental attitudes toward their children. However, the mother-child attachment relationship and cognitive and emotional functioning of the study participants were independent of culture.
Asunto(s)
Actitud/etnología , Trastornos Generalizados del Desarrollo Infantil/etnología , Comparación Transcultural , Inteligencia Emocional/fisiología , Apego a Objetos , Relaciones Padres-Hijo/etnología , Padres/psicología , Apoyo Social , Teoría de la Mente/fisiología , Niño , Trastornos Generalizados del Desarrollo Infantil/psicología , Preescolar , Cuba/etnología , Humanos , Italia/etnología , Escalas de Valoración PsiquiátricaRESUMEN
In paediatric psychiatry, we often encounter French families who have chosen for international adoption of foreign children. From our clinical cases and a review of the literature, we have cited several circumstances which can lead to separation following adoption, either due to a rejection of the adopted by the adopting family or vica-versa: cases in which the adopted children are older or even young adolescents, simultaneous adoption of more than one child, adoption of psychologically disturbed children with a history of neglect or abuse by a previous guardian, cases in which the adopting parents are inadequately prepared due to international adoption procedures allowing the rapid accession of the adoption and cases with a poor understanding of the adoption legislation on the part of the biological parents or the child being adopted. These risque factors, relatively specific to international adoption, can in isolation or by a combination of factors lead to failure in the adoption. Subsequent separation after adoption often leads to institutionalization and further rejection.