Clinical and in vitro cross-reactivity of cereal grains in children with IgE-mediated wheat allergy

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Wheat and cereal grains have a broad range of cross-reactivity, but the clinical relevance of this cross-reactivity is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate clinical and in vitro cross-reactivity with barley, oat, and Job's tears among wheat-allergic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients aged 5 to 15 years with IgE-mediated wheat allergy were enrolled. Skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) to wheat, barley, and oat, and SPT to Job's tears were performed. Oral food challenge (OFC) was conducted if the SPT was ≤5 mm in size and there was no history of anaphylaxis to each grain. Profiles of sIgE bound allergens of wheat, barley, and oat, and inhibition ELISA of IgE binding to barley and oat with wheat were performed. RESULTS: Ten patients with a median age of 8 years were enrolled. Nine of those patients had a history of wheat anaphylaxis. The median SPT size and sIgE level to wheat was 7.3 mm and 146.5 kUA/l, respectively. The cross-reactivity rate for barley, oat, and Job's tears was 60.0%, 33.3%, and 20.0%, respectively. Significantly larger SPT size and higher sIgE level were observed in patients with positive cross-reactivity to barley and oat when compared to patients without cross-reactivity. Barley and oat extracts inhibited 59% and 16% of sIgE bound to wheat gliadins and glutenins, respectively. CONCLUSION: The cross-reactivity rate was quite low for oat and Job's tears compared to that of barley; therefore, avoidance of all cereal grains may be unnecessary in patients with severe wheat allergy

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Clinical and in vitro cross-reactivity of cereal grains in children with IgE-mediated wheat allergy.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Wheat and cereal grains have a broad range of cross-reactivity, but the clinical relevance of this cross-reactivity is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate clinical and in vitro cross-reactivity with barley, oat, and Job's tears among wheat-allergic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients aged 5 to 15 years with IgE-mediated wheat allergy were enrolled. Skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) to wheat, barley, and oat, and SPT to Job's tears were performed. Oral food challenge (OFC) was conducted if the SPT was ≤5 mm in size and there was no history of anaphylaxis to each grain. Profiles of sIgE bound allergens of wheat, barley, and oat, and inhibition ELISA of IgE binding to barley and oat with wheat were performed. RESULTS: Ten patients with a median age of 8 years were enrolled. Nine of those patients had a history of wheat anaphylaxis. The median SPT size and sIgE level to wheat was 7.3 mm and 146.5 kUA/l, respectively. The cross-reactivity rate for barley, oat, and Job's tears was 60.0%, 33.3%, and 20.0%, respectively. Significantly larger SPT size and higher sIgE level were observed in patients with positive cross-reactivity to barley and oat when compared to patients without cross-reactivity. Barley and oat extracts inhibited 59% and 16% of sIgE bound to wheat gliadins and glutenins, respectively. CONCLUSION: The cross-reactivity rate was quite low for oat and Job's tears compared to that of barley; therefore, avoidance of all cereal grains may be unnecessary in patients with severe wheat allergy.

[Identification of disease resistance to Ustilago coicis in southern Coix germplasm].

OBJECTIVE: To identified the resistance of Coix to Ustilago coicis and screen the high disease-resistance Coix germplasm. METHOD: Field and laboratory biochemical methods were used for the resistance identification. Ninteen germplasms collected from 7 provinces in southern of China such as Yunnan, Zhejiang, Fujian etc. were inoculated with chlamydospore of U. coicis, respectively. The incidence of a disease in field was investigated and the level of resistance was evaluated. The PAL activity dynamic changes in different level resistant germplasms were further determined. RESULT: The result of field test showed 1 germplasm was immune, 1 germplasm was high resistance which incidence rate was under 20%, 6 germplasms were moderate resistance with the average incidence rates ranged within 20% - 40%, 11 of 19 germplasms that average incidence rates above 40% were identified as sensitive resistance. The value of PLA activity peak of resistant germplasm in seedling was significant higher and appeared earlier than that of the sensitive ones after inoculating. CONCLUSION: Most collected C. lacryma-jobi germplasms are sensitive to smut in our investigation; the PAL activity may play important role in Coix germplasm for resistance to smut and the biochemical method may be as an aiding method to resistance identification of Coix germplasm.