RESUMEN
Laboratory diagnosis of orthohantavirus infection is primarily based on serology. However, for a confirmed serological diagnosis, evaluation of a follow-up serum sample is essential, which is time consuming and causes delay. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests, if positive, provide an immediate and definitive diagnosis, and accurately identify the causative agent, where the discriminative nature of serology is suboptimal. We re-evaluated sera from orthohantavirus-suspected clinical cases in the Dutch regions of Twente and Achterhoek from July 2014 to April 2016 for the presence of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV), Tula orthohantavirus (TULV), and Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) RNA. PUUV RNA was detected in 11% of the total number (n = 85) of sera tested, in 50% of sera positive for anti-PUUV/TULV IgM (n = 16), and in 1.4% of sera negative or indeterminate for anti-PUUV/TULV IgM (n = 69). No evidence was found for the presence of TULV or SEOV viral RNA. Based on these findings, we propose two algorithms to implement real-time RT-PCR testing in routine orthohantavirus diagnostics, which optimally provide clinicians with early confirmed diagnoses and could prevent possible further invasive testing and treatment. IMPORTANCE: The addition of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test to routine orthohantavirus diagnostics may better aid clinical decision making than the use of standard serology tests alone. Awareness by clinicians and clinical microbiologists of this advantage may ultimately lead to a reduction in over-hospitalization and unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures.
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Virus Puumala , ARN Viral , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Virus Puumala/aislamiento & purificación , Virus Puumala/genética , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/métodos , Países Bajos/epidemiología , ARN Viral/genética , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/métodos , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/virología , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Orthohantavirus/genética , Orthohantavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Orthohantavirus/clasificación , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Enfermedades Endémicas , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Hantavirus/virología , Pruebas Serológicas/métodosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hantavirus and dengue virus infections lead to diseases causing economic and public health concerns. Acute hantavirus infections can lead to similar clinical haemorrhagic signs as other endemic diseases including dengue and leptospirosis. METHODS: Using a retrospective case analysis of pregnant dengue and hantavirus disease patients with clinical reports and compatible clinical laboratory information during pregnancy, we report the first evidence of dengue and hantavirus infections and a case of dual dengue and hantavirus infection among pregnant women in the Caribbean. Laboratory testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and non-structural protein 1 (NS1) for DENV and for hantavirus infection pseudotype focus reduction neutralisation tests (pFRNT), ELISA and immunochromatographic (ICG) strips. RESULTS: Four pregnant cases with acute DENV infections were identified; however, only one out of the four cases (25%) had a detailed medical record to permit abstraction of clinical data. Six hantavirus infected pregnant cases were identified with gestation periods ranged from 36 to 39 weeks; none of the reported patients exhibited previous pregnancy complications prior to hospitalisation and infection. Acute liver damage was observed in three of the six cases (AST readings) who were subsequently diagnosed with hepatitis in pregnancy and variable clinical outcomes were observed with term and pre-term deliveries. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst hantavirus infection in pregnancy is rare, consideration should be given to differential diagnosis with fever, kidney involvement, liver involvement, haemorrhagic symptoms and thrombocytopenia in endemic areas with clinically similar diseases such as dengue and leptospirosis.HighlightsFirst recorded case of hantavirus and dengue co-infection in a pregnant woman.First detailed report of clinical hantavirus infection in pregnant women in the Caribbean.First published report of clinical dengue infection in pregnant woman in the Caribbean.Possible complications of pregnancy following hantavirus infection.Pre-term birth and low birth weights.Clinical course of hantavirus infection in a Caribbean population.
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Dengue , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/diagnóstico , Dengue/complicaciones , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Adulto , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/epidemiología , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/virología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Región del Caribe/epidemiología , Adulto Joven , Orthohantavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/virologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Hantavirus, a zoonotic pathogen, causes severe syndromes like hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), sometimes fatal in humans. Considering the importance of detecting the hantavirus antigen, the construction of an immunosensor is essential. The structural and functional characteristics of camelid nanobodies (VHHs) encourage their application in the areas of nanobiotechnology, therapeutics, diagnostics, and basic research. Therefore, this study aimed to standardize stable bioconjugates using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and VHHs, in order to develop immunobiosensors for the diagnosis of hantavirus infection. METHODS: Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was performed to obtain purified recombinant anti-hantavirus nucleocapsid nanobodies (anti-prNΔ85 VHH), while AuNPs were synthesized for bioconjugation. UV-visible spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were employed to characterize AuNPs. RESULTS: The bioconjugation stability parameters (VHH-AuNPs), analyzed by spectrophotometry, showed that the ideal pH value and VHH concentration were obtained at 7.4 and 50 µg/mL, respectively, after addition of 1 M NaCl, which induces AuNP aggregation. TEM performed before and after bioconjugation showed uniform, homogeneous, well-dispersed, and spherical AuNPs with an average diameter of ~ 14 ± 0.57 nm. Furthermore, high-resolution images revealed a thin white halo on the surface of the AuNPs, indicating the coating of the AuNPs with protein. A biosensor simulation test (dot blot-like [DB-like]) was performed in stationary phase to verify the binding and detection limits of the recombinant nucleocapsid protein from the Araucária hantavirus strain (prN∆85). DISCUSSION: Using AuNPs/VHH bioconjugates, a specific interaction was detected between 5 and 10 min of reaction in a dose-dependent manner. It was observed that this test was sensitive enough to detect prNΔ85 at concentrations up to 25 ng/µL. Considering that nanostructured biological systems such as antibodies conjugated with AuNPs are useful tools for the development of chemical and biological sensors, the stability of the bioconjugate indicates proficiency in detecting antigens. The experimental results obtained will be used in a future immunospot assay or lateral flow immunochromatography analysis for hantavirus detection.
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Técnicas Biosensibles , Oro , Nanopartículas del Metal , Orthohantavirus , Anticuerpos de Dominio Único , Oro/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Anticuerpos de Dominio Único/inmunología , Anticuerpos de Dominio Único/química , Orthohantavirus/inmunología , Humanos , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Anticuerpos Antivirales/inmunología , Animales , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnósticoRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a common infectious disease in China. As a complication of post-Hantavirus infection, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) was rarely previously reported. Here, we described a case of acute inflammatory demyelinative polyradiculoneuropathy secondary to Hantavirus infection in spring of 2023. We also made a summary of the clinical features from previous reported cases. PATIENT CONCERNS: A young male patient complained a fever with headache, who was subsequently diagnosed with HFRS with positive serum Hantavirus antibody IgM. Two weeks later, he presented sustained back pain, obvious numbness located in 4 extremities, chest and abdomen, facial dyskinesia and 4 extremities muscle weakness. DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTIONS, AND OUTCOMES: He was rapidly diagnosed with GBS by typical cerebrospinal fluid change and the electromyography examination presentation, which was verified associated with hantavirus infection. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin infusion followed by rehabilitation treatment. He got a complete recovery within 4 months after disease onset. LESSONS: GBS was an uncommon manifestation of Hantavirus infection. GBS should be considered when acute limb weakness happens in cases with HFRS. A multidisciplinary team could make a rapid diagnosis and optimal treatment when nervous system disorders occurred.
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Síndrome de Guillain-Barré , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/etiología , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/terapia , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/complicaciones , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapéutico , Debilidad Muscular/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunoglobulina M , Anticuerpos AntiviralesRESUMEN
Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a cause of acute kidney injury and characterized by an inflammation of the tubulointerstitial space, leading to a decline in kidney function. Multiple etiologies can cause AIN including medications, autoimmune diseases and infections. A multiplicity of drugs is associated with AIN, while antibiotics (especially beta-lactams), proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) are the most common. The pathognomonic triad of exanthema, fever and eosinophilia is rarely present in AIN patients. Treatment of medication-associated AIN is based upon the discontinuation of the provoking drug. Glucocorticoids can be considered in severe cases.Nephropathia epidemica (NE) is a disease caused by an infection with the Puumula-virus (PUUV) in northern and central Europe. Small rodents (mostly mice) are the host of the virus accountable for a rising number of infections during spring and summer. It is causing a syndrome consisting of AIN, fever and often thrombocytopenia. There is a good chance of complete recovery of kidney function following NE.
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Lesión Renal Aguda , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Nefritis Intersticial , Humanos , Animales , Ratones , Nefritis Intersticial/complicaciones , Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/inducido químicamente , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Fiebre , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/complicacionesRESUMEN
In 1993, the Southwest found itself staring down a disease then known as "unexplained adult respiratory syndrome." During the outbreak, 12 of 23 known patients died. What we now recognize as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome still remains a rare and deadly disease. Although no cure exists, modern supportive techniques such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have increased survival among these patients. Early diagnosis has become the primary factor in patient survival. The initial presentation of hantavirus is similar to acute respiratory distress syndrome, necessitating a high index of suspicion to afford the patient the best chance of survival. Diagnosis is further complicated by prolonged and nonspecific incubation periods making it difficult to pinpoint an exposure. Familiarizing oneself with common clinical presentations, diagnostic strategies, and testing is the best way to increase patient survival. Because hantavirus has a predilection for rural areas, transport to a tertiary facility is paramount to provide the resources necessary to care for these complex patients. Rapid sequence intubation, although common in airway-compromised patients, could prove fatal in the setting of the severe hemodynamic instability found in hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Anticipation of significant pressor use and fluid administration could likely mean the difference in patient mortality during transport.
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Infecciones por Hantavirus , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus , Orthohantavirus , Adulto , Humanos , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/terapia , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/terapia , Infecciones por Hantavirus/complicaciones , Muerte , Cuidados CríticosRESUMEN
BackgroundRodent-borne viruses such as orthohantaviruses and arenaviruses cause considerable disease burden with regional and temporal differences in incidence and clinical awareness. Therefore, it is important to regularly evaluate laboratory diagnostic capabilities, e.g. by external quality assessments (EQA).AimWe wished to evaluate the performance and diagnostic capability of European expert laboratories to detect orthohantaviruses and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and human antibody response towards orthohantaviruses.MethodsWe conducted an EQA in 2021; molecular panels consisted of 12 samples, including different orthohantaviruses (Seoul, Dobrava-Belgrade (DOBV), Puumala (PUUV) and Hantaan orthohantavirus), LCMV and negative controls. Serological panels consisted of six human serum samples reactive to PUUV, DOBV or negative to orthohantaviruses. The EQA was sent to 25 laboratories in 20 countries.ResultsThe accuracy of molecular detection of orthohantaviruses varied (50â67%, average 62%) among 16 participating laboratories, while LCMV samples were successfully detected in all 11 participating laboratories (91-100%, average 96%). The accuracy of serological diagnosis of acute and past orthohantavirus infections was on average 95% among 20 participating laboratories and 82% in 19 laboratories, respectively. A variety of methods was used, with predominance of in-house assays for molecular tests, and commercial assays for serological ones.ConclusionSerology, the most common tool to diagnose acute orthohantavirus infections, had a high accuracy in this EQA. The molecular detection of orthohantaviruses needs improvement while LCMV detection (performed in fewer laboratories) had 95% accuracy. Further EQAs are recommended to be performed periodically to monitor improvements and challenges in the diagnostics of rodent-borne diseases.
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Infecciones por Hantavirus , Orthohantavirus , Humanos , Virus de la Coriomeningitis Linfocítica/genética , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Anticuerpos AntiviralesRESUMEN
We identified 2 fatal cases of persons infected with hantavirus in Arizona, USA, 2020; 1 person was co-infected with SARS-CoV-2. Delayed identification of the cause of death led to a public health investigation that lasted ≈9 months after their deaths, which complicated the identification of a vector or exposure.
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COVID-19 , Enfermedades Transmisibles , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Orthohantavirus , Humanos , Arizona/epidemiología , SARS-CoV-2 , Pandemias , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hantaviruses are infectious etiological agents of a group of rodent-borne hemorrhagic fevers, with two types of clinical manifestations in humans: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). According to available statistics, the disease occurs mainly in adults, but the lower incidence in the pediatric population might also be related to a lack of diagnosis possibilities or even unsatisfactory knowledge about the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome diagnosed and treated in the Department of Nephrology at St. Mary's Emergency Hospital for Children in Iasi, Romania, representative of the North-East of Romania. We also reviewed the specialized literature on the topic. RESULTS: Between January 2017 and January 2022, eight cases of HFRS, all men, and seven from rural areas, aged 11-18 years old, were referred to our clinic because of an acute kidney injury (AKI). Seven cases were identified as Dobrava serotype while one case was determined by Haantan serotype. CONCLUSIONS: HFRS should always be considered as a differential diagnosis when faced with a patient with AKI and thrombocytopenia. Dobrava serotype is the most common hantavirus subtype in the Balkans. For the specific prevention of human infections, mainly in high-risk groups, vaccines are needed. As far as we know, this is the first study on HFRS in Romanian children.
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Lesión Renal Aguda , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Orthohantavirus , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Niño , Adolescente , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Proyectos Piloto , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We present two children with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) caused by leptospirosis in a 12-year-old boy and hantavirus in a 10-year-old girl. The role of glucocorticoids in the management of ATIN triggered by infectious agents is unclear. CASE-DIAGNOSIS/TREATMENT: Both children were hospitalized with jaundice, elevated serum creatinine, and thrombocytopenia. There was no oliguria or hypertension. Urine analysis revealed tubular proteinuria. Kidney biopsy was performed on one patient and showed tubulointerstitial inflammation with mild mesangial proliferation. Both patients were treated with glucocorticoids in view of deteriorating kidney function with respective serum creatinine values of 5.2 and 4.1 mg/dl. Both children exhibited an excellent clinical and biochemical response to treatment. Neither of the patients required dialysis. Positive serology test results indicated a recent leptospirosis and hantavirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: Leptospirosis and hantavirus associated ATIN share common clinical and biochemical features. Due to the low incidence in Europe these infectious causes of kidney dysfunction may be overlooked. Glucocorticoids may be considered in the management of ATIN.
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Infecciones por Hantavirus , Leptospirosis , Nefritis Intersticial , Orthohantavirus , Masculino , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Creatinina , Diálisis Renal , Nefritis Intersticial/patología , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Nephropathia epidemica (NE), caused by the hantavirus infection, is endemic in Tatarstan Russia. The majority of patients are adults, with infection rarely diagnosed in children. This limited number of pediatric NE cases means there is an inadequate understanding of disease pathogenesis in this age category. Here, we have analyzed clinical and laboratory data in adults and children with NE to establish whether and how the disease severity differs between the two age groups. Serum cytokines were analyzed in samples collected from 11 children and 129 adult NE patients during an outbreak in 2019. A kidney toxicity panel was also used to analyze urine samples from these patients. Additionally, serum and urine samples were analyzed from 11 control children and 26 control adults. Analysis of clinical and laboratory data revealed that NE was milder in children than in adults. A variation in serum cytokine activation could explain the differences in clinical presentation. Cytokines associated with activation of Th1 lymphocytes were prominent in adults, while they were obscured in sera from pediatric NE patients. In addition, a prolonged activation of kidney injury markers was found in adults with NE, whilst only a short-lasting activation of these markers was observed in children with NE. These findings support previous observations of age differences in NE severity, which should be considered when diagnosing the disease in children.
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Nefropatía de los Balcanes , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Humanos , Adulto , Niño , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Citocinas , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , RiñónRESUMEN
Hantavirus infections are part of the broad group of viral haemorrhagic fevers. They are also recognised as a distinct model of an emergent zoonotic infection with a global distribution. Many factors influence their epidemiology and transmission, such as climate, environment, social development, ecology of rodent hosts, and human behaviour in endemic regions. Transmission to humans occurs by exposure to infected rodents in endemic areas; however, Andes hantavirus is unique in that it can be transmitted from person to person. As hantaviruses target endothelial cells, they can affect diverse organ systems; increased vascular permeability is central to pathogenesis. The main clinical syndromes associated with hantaviruses are haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which is endemic in Europe and Asia, and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), which is endemic in the Americas. HCPS and HFRS are separate clinical entities, but they share several features and have many overlapping symptoms, signs, and pathogenic alterations. For HCPS in particular, clinical outcomes are highly associated with early clinical suspicion, access to rapid diagnostic testing or algorithms for presumptive diagnosis, and prompt transfer to a facility with critical care units. No specific effective antiviral treatment is available.
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Enfermedades Transmisibles , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Orthohantavirus , Humanos , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/terapia , Células Endoteliales/patología , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Hantavirus/terapiaRESUMEN
Hantaviruses are emerging pathogens with a worldwide distribution that can cause life-threatening diseases in humans. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against hantavirus nucleocapsid (N) proteins are important tools in virus diagnostics, epidemiological studies and basic research studies on virus replication and pathogenesis. Here, we extend the collection of previously generated MAbs raised against a segment of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) N protein harbored on virus-like particles (VLPs) and MAbs against N proteins of Sin Nombre orthohantavirus/Andes orthohantavirus by generating nine novel MAbs against N proteins of Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV), Tula orthohantavirus (TULV), Thottapalayam thottimvirus (TPMV) and PUUV. In order to have a wide collection of well-described hantavirus-specific MAbs, the cross-reactivity of novel and previously generated MAbs was determined against N proteins of 15 rodent- and shrew-borne hantaviruses by different immunological methods. We found that all MAbs, excluding TPMV-specific MAbs, demonstrated different cross-reactivity patterns with N proteins of hantaviruses and recognized native viral antigens in infected mammalian cells. This well-characterized collection of cross-reactive hantavirus-specific MAbs has a potential application in various fields of hantavirus research, diagnostics and therapy.
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Enfermedades Transmisibles , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Orthohantavirus , Virus ARN , Humanos , Animales , Proteínas de la Nucleocápside , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , MamíferosRESUMEN
A hantavirose é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial que utiliza como vetores roedores, musaranhos, toupeiras e morcegos. Os sintomas da infecção pelo hantavírus assemelham-se aos de diversas doenças, por isso o diagnóstico laboratorial é crucial para o tratamento precoce. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre as características e diagnóstico laboratorial da hantavirose. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com base no modelo PRISMA, com seleção de estudos nas bases de dados Portal de Periódicos da Capes, PubMed/Medline, SciELO, ScienceDirect e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram empregados os descritores: hantavírus, diagnóstico laboratorial, exames e zoonose, em português e inglês, no período de 2015 a 2022, sendo selecionados 19 artigos científicos em atendimento aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados e Discussão: Diversas técnicas diagnósticas podem ser empregadas em casos de hantavirose, sendo a biologia molecular a mais empregada, conjuntamente com a imunologia. Há outros recursos utilizados para monitoramento e evolução da doença, como a bioquímica, a hematologia e a imagenologia. Para a ocorrência de hantavirose é necessário um ambiente propício, clima específico e contato com hospedeiro suscetível, podendo evoluir para quadros assintomáticos ou sintomáticos com complicações graves. Conclusão: O diagnóstico dessa doença é desafiador e requer investigação detalhada que inclua a sintomatologia do paciente, o histórico de exposição a animais reservatórios e os resultados de exames laboratoriais. Como desfechos negativos da hantavirose incluem-se a febre hemorrágica com síndrome renal, a síndrome pulmonar por hantavírus e o óbito
Hantavirus is a worldwide distributed zoonosis that uses rodents, shrews, moles and bats as vectors. The symptoms of hantavirus infection resemble those of many diseases, so laboratory diagnosis is crucial for early treatment. Objective: The present study aimed to conduct a literature review on the characteristics and laboratory diagnosis of hantavirus. Methods: This is an integrative literature review based on the PRISMA model, with a selection of studies in the Capes Portal de Periódicos, PubMed/Medline, SciELO, ScienceDirect and Virtual Health Library databases, using the descriptors: hantavirus, laboratory diagnosis, exams, and zoonosis, in portuguese and english, from 2015 to 2022, and nineteen scientific articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results and Discussion: Several techniques can be used in cases of hantavirus, with molecular biology being the most evidenced along with immunology. There are other parameters that are used for monitoring and evolution of the disease, such as biochemistry, hematology, and imaging. For the hantavirus disease, an adequate environment, specific climate and contact with a susceptible host are necessary, which may lead to asymptomatic conditions or symptoms with more serious complications. Conclusion: The diagnosis of this disease is challenging and requires detailed investigation that includes the patient's symptoms, the history of exposure to reservoir animals and the results of laboratory tests. Negative outcomes of hantavirus infection include hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and death
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , Argentina , Suiza , Turquía , Estados Unidos , Bélgica , Bolivia , Brasil , Canadá , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Chile , China , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Kazajstán , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome RenalRESUMEN
Hantaviruses are enveloped zoonotic RNA viruses hosted by rodents and responsible in the Americas for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. In Europe, they cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and its milder form, nephropathia epidemica. The disease begins abruptly with high fever, chills, headache, back pain and abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting. Diagnosis is primarily made by serology. There is currently no specific medication or preventive available in Europe. Treatment is symptomatic.
Les hantavirus sont des virus zoonotiques à ARN enveloppés hébergés principalement par des rongeurs et responsables, aux Amériques, du syndrome pulmonaire à hantavirus. En Europe, ils provoquent la fièvre hémorragique avec syndrome rénal et sa forme plus légère appelée néphropathie épidémique. La maladie se présente de manière aiguë avec une forte fièvre, des frissons, des céphalées, des dorsalgies ainsi que des douleurs abdominales associées à des nausées et vomissements. Le diagnostic se fait principalement par sérologie. Il n'existe actuellement pas de médication spécifique, ni de vaccination disponible en Europe. Le traitement repose sur un soutien symptomatique.
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Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Orthohantavirus , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Hantavirus/terapia , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/complicaciones , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Humanos , Náusea/complicaciones , VómitosAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Orthohantavirus , Infecciones por Hantavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/complicaciones , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Humanos , Israel , RiñónRESUMEN
Hantaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses. They are transmitted to humans by rodents and insectivore hosts. Some Hantavirus subtypes are the causative agents of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which is characterized by fever, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Hantavirus infection is difficult to diagnose due to its non-specific clinical symptoms. Causes of acalculous cholecystitis are severe trauma or burn, surgery, long-term starvation and some viral infections. It is very rare for Hantavirus to cause acute acalculous cholecystitis. The treatment of acute acalculous cholecystitis is usually directed towards its symptoms. A 22-year-old male forest worker was admitted to our emergency outpatient clinic with the complaints of fatigue, oliguria, fever, abdominal pain and vomiting. After the clinical and laboratory examinations, HFRS and acute cholecystitis secondary to Hantavirus infection were diagnosed. The patient's condition and clinical findings improved after supportive treatment. Hantavirus infection should be considered in patients with acute kidney injury, cholecystitis and thrombocytopenia (Fig. 2, Ref. 10). Keywords: Hantavirus, acute kidney injury, acalculous cholecystitis, thrombocytopeni.
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Colecistitis Alitiásica , Lesión Renal Aguda , Colecistitis Aguda , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Orthohantavirus , Trombocitopenia , Colecistitis Alitiásica/complicaciones , Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Adulto , Infecciones por Hantavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/complicaciones , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Trombocitopenia/complicaciones , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Eight decades ago, a report on "a swamp fever-like disease in German troups in Lapland" was published in this journal. The disease outbreak had occurred in 1942 and affected more than 1000 soldiers at the Finish front. The published, precise analysis of the clinical picture was obviously the first description of hantavirus disease in the German language area. Nowadays, hantavirus disease - in Central and Northern Europe also known as Nephropathia epidemica - is one of the most frequent notifiable virus diseases in Germany and Finland.
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Enfermedades Transmisibles , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Orthohantavirus , Humanos , Lenguaje , Segunda Guerra Mundial , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Brotes de Enfermedades , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an emerging zoonotic disease in Europe and Asia, which is clinically indistinguishable from leptospirosis. A total of 1,032 patients with clinical suspicion of HFRS-like illness were included in the analysis from March 2013 to March 2021. Of these, 168 were positive for hantavirus immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. Thirty-one of 35 patients had a 4-fold increase in IgG antibody titer with paired serum, confirming acute hantavirus infections. The detected antibodies showed a diverse pattern, strongly cross-reacting with the Seoul, Hantaan, and Puumala virus antigens. All the IgM-positive patients had no serological evidence of acute dengue or leptospirosis and had classical features of HFRS, including fever, thrombocytopenia, and renal involvement. More than 90% of patients had a history of rodent exposure 2-3 weeks prior to the onset of the fever. The highest number of positive cases was diagnosed in the Western and North Central Provinces of Sri Lanka during the paddy harvesting seasons. A significant number of patients develop severe complications with high mortality rates. Therefore, hantavirus infection should be considered as a differential diagnosis for leptospirosis-like illnesses in Sri Lanka.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Transmisibles , Infecciones por Hantavirus , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal , Leptospirosis , Orthohantavirus , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Infecciones por Hantavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Hantavirus/epidemiología , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G , Inmunoglobulina M , Leptospirosis/diagnóstico , Leptospirosis/epidemiología , Sri Lanka/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Orthohantaviruses are negative-stranded RNA viruses with trisegmented genomes that can cause severe disease in humans and are carried by several host reservoirs throughout the world. Old World orthohantaviruses are primarily located throughout Europe and Asia, causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, and New World orthohantaviruses are found in North, Central, and South America, causing hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). In the United States, Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV) is the primary cause of HCPS with a fatality rate of ~36%. The primary SNV host reservoir is thought to be the North American deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus. However, it has been shown that other species of Peromyscus can carry different orthohantaviruses. Few studies have systemically surveyed which orthohantaviruses may exist in wild-caught rodents or monitored spillover events into additional rodent reservoirs. A method for the rapid detection of orthohantaviruses is needed to screen large collections of rodent samples. Here, we report a pan-orthohantavirus, two-step reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) tool designed to detect both Old and New World pathogenic orthohantavirus sequences of the S segment of the genome and validated them using plasmids and authentic viruses. We then performed a screening of wild-caught rodents and identified orthohantaviruses in lung tissue, and we confirmed the findings by Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, we identified new rodent reservoirs that have not been previously reported as orthohantavirus carriers. This novel tool can be used for the efficient and rapid detection of various orthohantaviruses, while uncovering potential new orthohantaviruses and host reservoirs that may otherwise go undetected.