RESUMEN
Hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective strategy for preventing the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in haemodialysis centers. Nevertheless, lower vaccine responses have been reported in haemodialysis patients as compared with healthy subjects. This study examines the response to Euvax-B in Brazilian haemodialysis patients and staff. A total of 102 eligible patients (n = 42) and staff members (n = 60) consented to be studied. Patients were immunized intramuscularly with four doses of 40 microg of Euvax-B vaccine at 0, 1, 2 and 6 months. In staff members, the vaccine was administered in three doses of 20 microg at 0, 1, and 6 months. Post-vaccine samples were taken from all subjects I month after each dose. The vaccine response was determined by measuring antibody to the hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) levels using ELISA. Subjects with anti-HBs titres equal to or higher than 10 UI/L were considered immune protected. Of the haemodialysis patients who received four doses of hepatitis B vaccine, 89.5% responded to Euvax-B vaccine. The geometric mean of anti-HBs titres was 322.8 IU/L (95% CI: 317.7-328). Among staff members, 93.3% reached anti-HBs protective titres after the third vaccine dose. The geometric mean of anti-HBs titres was 2,209 IU/L (Cl: 2,198-2,219). Age, male gender and body mass index were not associated with vaccine response in either group. This study showed a good immunogenicity response to Euvax-B in haemodialysis patients and staff.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/inmunología , Diálisis Renal , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Índice de Masa Corporal , Brasil/epidemiología , Terapia Combinada , Relación Dosis-Respuesta Inmunológica , Femenino , Hepatitis B/prevención & control , Hepatitis B/transmisión , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/administración & dosificación , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunogenética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diálisis Renal/enfermería , Vacunas Sintéticas/administración & dosificación , Vacunas Sintéticas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
We studied the effect of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) infusion on the levels of hepatitis B and C antibodies in 10 premature babies. All four tested lots of a commercially purchased IVIG preparation were found to contain substantial amounts of hepatitis B core and hepatitis C antibodies. Our results show that passive transfer of hepatitis B and C virus antibodies occurred after IVIG infusion, and that the levels were dependent on the quantity of IVIG given. When assessing neonates for hepatitis, the factor of receipt of blood products, including IVIG, needs to be considered to interpret laboratory results.