Biomedical Research , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Research Personnel , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Humans , Biomedical Research/trends , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/trends , Research Personnel/economics , United States
Clinical Trials as Topic , Exercise Therapy , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome , Research Support as Topic , Humans , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome/therapy , Research Support as Topic/methods , Research Support as Topic/organization & administration , United States , Exercise Therapy/adverse effects
Biomedical Research , Budgets , Risk-Taking , United States Government Agencies , United States , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/trends , Humans , United States Government Agencies/economics , United States Government Agencies/organization & administration , United States Government Agencies/trends , Biomedical Research/economics , Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Biomedical Research/trends
This Medical News article is an interview with Francis S. Collins, MD, PhD, former National Institutes of Health director, and JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, about a historic Biden-Harris administration proposal to cure and prevent all hepatitis C infections in the US.
Disease Eradication , Health Policy , Hepacivirus , Hepatitis C , Humans , Hepatitis C/prevention & control , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , United States/epidemiology , Disease Eradication/methods
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , COVID-19 Drug Treatment , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug Repositioning , Host-Pathogen Interactions/drug effects , SARS-CoV-2/drug effects , Adenosine Monophosphate/administration & dosage , Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives , Adenosine Monophosphate/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Alanine/administration & dosage , Alanine/analogs & derivatives , Alanine/therapeutic use , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Neutralizing/economics , Antibodies, Neutralizing/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , COVID-19/economics , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/mortality , COVID-19/virology , COVID-19 Vaccines , Cytidine/analogs & derivatives , Cytidine/therapeutic use , Depsipeptides/pharmacology , Depsipeptides/therapeutic use , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Drug Combinations , Drug Synergism , Esters/pharmacology , Esters/therapeutic use , Guanidines/pharmacology , Guanidines/therapeutic use , Hospitalization , Humans , Hydroxylamines/therapeutic use , Internationality , Lactams/therapeutic use , Leucine/therapeutic use , Mice , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Nitriles/therapeutic use , Peptide Elongation Factor 1/antagonists & inhibitors , Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology , Peptides, Cyclic/therapeutic use , Proline/therapeutic use , Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/antagonists & inhibitors
Information Dissemination , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Public Sector , Information Dissemination/legislation & jurisprudence , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislation & jurisprudence , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Public Sector/legislation & jurisprudence , United States
Communication , Leadership , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/trends , Politics , Science , Behavioral Research , Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Biomedical Research/trends , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/prevention & control , Federal Government , Fetal Research/legislation & jurisprudence , Gain of Function Mutation , Gene Editing/ethics , Gene Editing/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislation & jurisprudence , Risk-Taking , Science/trends , United States
COVID-19 , Diplomacy , Leadership , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Racism/prevention & control , Biomedical Research/economics , Biomedical Research/legislation & jurisprudence , Biomedical Research/organization & administration , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19/epidemiology , China , Female , Fetal Research/legislation & jurisprudence , Financing, Organized , Humans , International Cooperation , Male , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics , Research Support as Topic , United States , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Contemporary science has become increasingly multi-disciplinary and team-based, resulting in unprecedented growth in biomedical innovation and technology over the last several decades. Collaborative research efforts have enabled investigators to respond to the demands of an increasingly complex 21st century landscape, including pressing scientific challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. A major contributing factor to the success of team science is the mobilization of core facilities and shared research resources (SRRs), the scientific instrumentation and expertise that exist within research organizations that enable widespread access to advanced technologies for trainees, faculty, and staff. For over 40 years, SRRs have played a key role in accelerating biomedical research discoveries, yet a national strategy that addresses how to leverage these resources to enhance team science and achieve shared scientific goals is noticeably absent. We believe a national strategy for biomedical SRRs-led by the National Institutes of Health-is crucial to advance key national initiatives, enable long-term research efficiency, and provide a solid foundation for the next generation of scientists.
Biomedical Research/organization & administration , COVID-19 , Intersectoral Collaboration , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Academies and Institutes/organization & administration , Career Mobility , Congresses as Topic , Humans , Policy , Program Evaluation , Research Support as Topic , Societies, Scientific/organization & administration , Stakeholder Participation , United States , Universities/organization & administration
Previous reports have described worsening inequalities of National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding. We analyzed Research Project Grant data through the end of Fiscal Year 2020, confirming worsening inequalities beginning at the time of the NIH budget doubling (1998-2003), while finding that trends in recent years have reversed for both investigators and institutions, but only to a modest degree. We also find that career-stage trends have stabilized, with equivalent proportions of early-, mid-, and late-career investigators funded from 2017 to 2020. The fraction of women among funded PIs continues to increase, but they are still not at parity. Analyses of funding inequalities show that inequalities for investigators, and to a lesser degree for institutions, have consistently been greater within groups (i.e. within groups by career stage, gender, race, and degree) than between groups.
Biomedical Research , Financing, Government , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Biomedical Research/economics , Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data , Female , Financing, Government/economics , Financing, Government/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/statistics & numerical data , Racism , Sexism , Socioeconomic Factors , United States
Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Cultural Diversity , Academic Success , Clinical Trials as Topic/organization & administration , Editorial Policies , Humans , Minority Groups , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Peer Review , Research Support as Topic/organization & administration , Sexism , United States
The mission of translational science is to bring predictivity and efficiency to the development and dissemination of interventions that improve human health. Ten years ago this year, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences was founded to embody, conduct, and support this new discipline. The Center's first decade has brought substantial progress across a broad range of translational areas, from diagnostic and drug development to clinical trials to implementation science to education. The origins of the translational science and advances to this point are reviewed here and allow the establishment of an ambitious future research agenda for the field.
Translational Science, Biomedical/trends , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/history , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Translational Science, Biomedical/history , Translational Science, Biomedical/organization & administration , United States
The move from reading to writing the human genome offers new opportunities to improve human health. The United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) Somatic Cell Genome Editing (SCGE) Consortium aims to accelerate the development of safer and more-effective methods to edit the genomes of disease-relevant somatic cells in patients, even in tissues that are difficult to reach. Here we discuss the consortium's plans to develop and benchmark approaches to induce and measure genome modifications, and to define downstream functional consequences of genome editing within human cells. Central to this effort is a rigorous and innovative approach that requires validation of the technology through third-party testing in small and large animals. New genome editors, delivery technologies and methods for tracking edited cells in vivo, as well as newly developed animal models and human biological systems, will be assembled-along with validated datasets-into an SCGE Toolkit, which will be disseminated widely to the biomedical research community. We visualize this toolkit-and the knowledge generated by its applications-as a means to accelerate the clinical development of new therapies for a wide range of conditions.
Cells/metabolism , Gene Editing/methods , Genome, Human/genetics , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Animals , Genetic Therapy , Goals , Humans , United States
Biomedical Research/economics , Biomedical Research/trends , COVID-19/complications , Goals , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics , Research Support as Topic/economics , Anxiety , Autopsy , Biological Specimen Banks/organization & administration , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/pathology , COVID-19/physiopathology , COVID-19/therapy , Depression , Disease Susceptibility , Dyspnea , Fatigue , Fever , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Monitoring, Physiologic , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , Organ Specificity , Research Support as Topic/organization & administration , Time Factors , United States , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
BACKGROUND: Advancing health literacy is a fundamental step toward achieving population health. To that end, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded research to increase scientific understanding of how health literacy can reduce disparities and enhance the health of the United States. OBJECTIVE: This study identified and evaluated NIH-funded health literacy research focusing on disease prevention. METHODS: New R01, R03, and R21 research project grants awarded from fiscal year (FY) 2004 to FY 2017 studying health literacy and disease prevention were identified. Study characteristics, including the role of health literacy, how health literacy was measured, populations studied, and study design, were coded for each grant. Administrative grant data were obtained from the NIH's internal database. Research impact was assessed using the relative citation ratio (RCR). KEY RESULTS: There were 192 grants studying health literacy and disease prevention awarded by 18 NIH institutes and centers from FY 2004 to FY 2017, covering a wide variety of health conditions including cancer (26.0%), infectious diseases (13.5%), nutrition (8.3%), drug/alcohol use (7.8%), and cardiovascular disease (6.3%). Most grants studied the health literacy skills of patients (88%), with a few studies assessing the health literacy practices of health care providers (2.1%) or systems (1%). There was good representation of populations with traditionally low levels of health literacy, including Black/African American participants (30.2%), Hispanic/Latinx participants (28.6%), older adults (37%), and people with low income (20.8%). The scientific articles generated by these grants were more than twice (RCR = 2.18) as influential on the field as similar articles. CONCLUSIONS: The NIH provided support for a wide array of prevention-focused health literacy research. The value of this research is highlighted by the number of funding institutes and centers, the diversity of populations and health conditions studied, and the effect these grants had on the field. Future research should move beyond patient-level health literacy to health literacy practices of health care systems and providers. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2020, 4(4):e212-e223.] PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: This study describes health literacy research funded by the National Institutes of Health that focused on disease prevention. These grants sought to prevent a variety of health conditions, but health literacy research over the past 14 years continued to concentrate on the capacity of patients despite increased attention on the health literacy practices of health care providers and systems.
Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data , Primary Prevention/methods , Financing, Government/methods , Financing, Government/statistics & numerical data , Financing, Organized/methods , Financing, Organized/statistics & numerical data , Humans , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/statistics & numerical data , Primary Prevention/instrumentation , Primary Prevention/statistics & numerical data , United States