Del niño causa al niño soporte: las trampas del Otro

La infancia no es un paraíso. Es un territorio a habitar, un tiempo constitutivo y constituyente donde el niño juega su partida con las cartas que el Otro da. Al menos así es al inicio. Por eso, en ese encuentro entre el niño y el otro de los primeros cuidados puede haber todo tipo de variaciones, contingencias, tropiezos. Se interroga la ligazón entre el objeto a y la angustia a la luz de la relación del niño y el Otro. En sus matices pueden hallarse algunas orientaciones clínicas, y se recortan en este sentido, los puntos en los cuales la dimensión del objeto se hace presente en tanto el niño se reconoce concernido por dicha posición. (AU)

Primero los niños

Reflexiones sobre la primera infancia y el niño, y como deviene sujeto, a partir del goce, la palabra o el cuerpo; así como la función del analista, en esta transición.

Making a good mental health diagnosis: Science, art and ethics.

BACKGROUND: There are limitations to psychiatric classification, which affects the utility of diagnosis in general practice. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to explore the principles of science, art and ethics to create clinically useful psychiatric diagnoses in general practice. DISCUSSION: Psychiatric classification systems provide useful constructs for clinical practice and research. Evidence-based treatments are based on the classification of mental illnesses. However, while classification is necessary, it is not sufficient to provide a full understanding of 'what is going on'. A good psychiatric diagnosis will also include a formulation, which provides an understanding of the psychosocial factors that provide a context for illness. Experiences such as trauma and marginalisation will change the illness experience but also provide other forms of evidence that shape therapy. Diagnoses also carry ethical implications, including stigma and changes in self­concept. The science, art and ethics of diagnosis need to be integrated to provide a complete assessment.

6 COVID-19 crianza: conversando acerca del COVID-19 [imagem]

Esta es una serie de postales de redes sociales sobre crianza de niños en tiempos de COVID-19.

1 COVID-19 crianza: tiempo uno-a-uno [imagem]

Esta es una serie de postales de redes sociales sobre crianza de niños en tiempos de COVID-19.

2 COVID-19 crianza: manteniéndolo positivo [imagem]

Esta es una serie de postales de redes sociales sobre crianza de niños en tiempos de COVID-19.

3 COVID-19 crianza: ¡establezca una estructura! [imagem]

Esta es una serie de postales de redes sociales sobre crianza de niños en tiempos de COVID-19.

4 COVID-19 crianza: mal comportamiento [imagem]

Esta es una serie de postales de redes sociales sobre crianza de niños en tiempos de COVID-19.

5 COVID-19 crianza: mantenga la calma y maneje el estrés [imagem]

Esta es una serie de postales de redes sociales sobre crianza de niños en tiempos de COVID-19.

COVID-19: como ajudar crianças a lidar com o estresse durante a pandemia

Crianças reagem de forma diferente em momentos difíceis, precisando de amor e atenção extras. Promover atividades lúdicas para lidar com sentimentos como medo, ansiedade e raiva e ter conversas honestas, apropriadas à idade, ajudam a proteger os pequenos. Clique no play para saber mais!

Fútbol y psicoanálisis: una experiencia entre varios

En el Centro de Salud Mental Nº 1 de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, el equipo de Niños Tarde comenzó en 2018 a integrar a los niños en tratamiento a un taller de fútbol, pensado como un espacio en el cual pudieran jugar con otros, y posibilitar múltiples transferencias e intervenciones. Se describe cómo fueron desarrollándose las actividades de este dispositivo.

Derivaciones al Equipo de psicopedagogía en el marco del Dispositivo de Admisión Interdisciplinaria del Área de 6 a 9 años de la Unidad de Salud Mental / Referrals to the Psychopedagogy Team in the framework of the Interdisciplinary Admission Device of the Area from 6 to 9 years of the Mental Health Unit

Proyecto de investigación de integrantes del tercer año de la Residencia de Psicopedagogía con sede en el Hospital de Niños Dr. R. Gutierrez, centrado en los interrogantes sobre la Admisión a la Unidad de Salud Mental del área de 6 a 9 años, de carácter multifamiliar e interdisciplinario. Se describen las características del Hospital, su población, la Unidad de Salud Mental y particularmente las actividades y prácticas cotidianas de las psicopedagogas; para luego analizar los criterios de los profesionales de este dispositivo para la evaluación psicopedagógica.

Psicopedagogía: criterios de derivación / Psychopedagogy: derivation criteria

Trabajo de investigación en el marco del Sistema de Residencias y Concurrencias del Ministerio de Salud de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, realizado por residentes de tercer año con sede en el Centro de Salud Comunitaria Nº 10. Se analizan los criterios que sostienen las psicopedagogas de segundo y tercer año de la residencia de Psicopedagogía, jefas e instructoras de la misma y psicopedagogas de planta que se desempeñan en las diferentes sedes de la residencia durante marzo de 2018 a junio de 2019, para indicar exclusivamente atención psicológica a niños de escolaridad primaria que se encuentran en diagnóstico psicopedagógico, los criterios para indicar exclusivamente el inicio de tratamiento psicopedagógico y los que sostienen las profesionales para proponer la atención en ambas disciplinas.

Psychometric Properties of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale in Spanish Children and Adolescents.

The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) is one of the most used instruments to assess perfectionism. The FMPS assesses six dimensions: Concern over Mistakes (CM), Parental Expectations (EP), Parental Criticism (PC), Doubts about Actions (DA), Organization (OR), and Personal Standards (PS). CM, PE, PC, and DA are facets of a more general dimension considered Maladaptive Perfectionism. PS is frequently considered Adaptive Perfectionism. FMPS psychometric properties have been studied in adults but scarcely in children. We adapted the FMPS for Spanish children and adolescents and studied these properties in a sample of 1,648 Spanish young people (mean age = 13.36; SD = 2.28). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses were used to test whether the FMPS dimensions found in adults are applicable to children. Results supported this hypothesis. The FMPS dimensional structure was invariant across gender and age. FMPS subscales showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α: .71-.92) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlations: .70-.85). Moderate and high correlations with measures of dysfunctional beliefs, anxiety, and depression supported the validity of the FMPS scores. Results from regression equations showed that the relationship of perfectionism with anxiety and depression is mostly due to Maladaptive Perfectionism.

The Loneliness Questionnaire: Establishing Measurement Invariance Across Ethnic Groups.

A state of loneliness describes an individual's perception of having dissatisfying social connections to others. Though it is notable across the life span, it may have particularly deleterious effects in childhood and adolescence, leading to increased risk of emotional impairment. The current study evaluates a widely used test of loneliness, the Loneliness Questionnaire, for measurement invariance across ethnic groups in a large, representative sample of youth in the 2nd to 12th grades ( N = 12,344; 41% African American) in Mississippi. Analyses were conducted using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis following a published, sequential method to examine invariance in form, factor loadings, and item intercepts. Overall, our results indicated that the instrument was invariant across ethnicities, suggesting that youth with equivalent manifest scores can be discerned as having comparable levels of latent loneliness. The loneliness scores also corresponded significantly with depression and anxiety scores for most subsamples, with one exception. These findings are discussed in the context of previous results comparing levels of loneliness across ethnicities. Additionally, the broader context of the need to expand invariance studies in instrumentation work is highlighted.

Validation of the Eating Pattern Inventory for Children in a General Population Sample of 11- to 12-Year-Old Children.

Previous research suggests that the Eating Pattern Inventory for Children (EPI-C) is best conceptualized as comprising four factors: dietary restraint, emotional, external eating and parental pressure to eat. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the EPI-C and to test gender and weight group differences. The population-based study sample comprised 1,939 children aged 11 to 12 years from the Copenhagen Child Cohort (CCC2000). Psychometric properties were evaluated using multigroup categorical data in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and differential item functioning (DIF) tests. CFA supported the four-factor solution for the EPI-C. Reliability estimates were satisfactory for three of the four scales. DIF with regard to weight was found for an item on weight loss intention. Girls reported higher restrained and emotional eating; overweight children reported higher restrained, emotional and external eating, while underweight children reported higher parental pressure to eat. The results support the use of EPI-C for measuring eating behaviors in preadolescence.

The Psychometric Properties of the Autobiographical Memory Test in Preschool-Aged Children.

The Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) is the most commonly used tool to assess the phenomenon of overgeneral memory. The AMT has mainly been used in adult populations, but its use in preschool children is less common. The need to create an appropriate instrument to study the memory specificity in preschool years led us to develop an AMT version adapted for early childhood. The AMT-Preschool (AMT-P) was administered to a sample of preschool children aged between 3 and 6 (N = 364). The results suggest that the AMT-P functions differently in preschoolers depending on age. With children older than 53 months, results suggest that the AMT-P is appropriate for assessing overgenerality. Nevertheless, with younger children age, the task is more difficult. These results concur with previous research suggesting that the ability to recall specific memories is consolidated from the age of 4½.

Estadios tempranos del conflicto edípico / Early stages of teh oedipus conflict

A largo de este artículo, la autora trata de mostrar algunas de las conclusiones obtenidas en el análisis con niños de entre tres y seis años. Entre ellas se encuentran la constatación de la existencia del sentimiento de culpa asociado a las fijaciones pregenitales, que ella considera efecto directo del conflicto edípico y producto de la formación del superyó, y la existencia para ambos sexos de una fase femenina de vital importancia, consistente en una identificación con la madre muy precoz. Partiendo de los postulados freudianos, la autora considera que el punto esencial de sus consideraciones adicionales está en la ubicación de todos estos procesos en épocas más tempranas y en que las diferentes fases del desarrollo se fusionan más libremente entre sí de lo que hasta entonces se suponía. Desde su perspectiva, los estadios tempranos del conflicto edipídico e encuentran fuertemente dominados por las fases pregenitales del desarrollo, ocultando el inicio de la actividad de la fase genital, que comienza a hacerse más reconocible a la edad de entre tres y cinco años, momento en que el complejo de Edipo y la formación del superyó alcanzan su punto culminante (AU)

Throughout this article the author aims to present a number of conclusions obtained in analysis with children between the ages of three and six. These include the discovery of the existence of the sense of guilt associated with pregenital fixation, which she considers to be the direct effect of the Oedipus conflict and a product of the formation of the super-ego, and the existence for both sexes of a vitally important feminine phase consisting of a very early identification with the mother. Starting from Freudian premises, the author considers that the essential point in the additional considerations she advances is that she places all of these processes at earlier points in time and that the different phases of development merge more freely in one other than was hitherto supposed. In her view, the early phases of the Oedipus conflict are largely dominated by pregenital phases of development, concealing the beginning of activity of the genital phase which starts to become more recognizable in the third to the fifth year, an age at which the Oedipus complex and the formation of the super-ego reach their climax (AU)

Bryant’s empathy index: structure and measurement invariance across gender in a sample of primary school-aged children

The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensional structure and measurement invariance of Bryant’s Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents (IECA) (Bryant, 1982) across gender in a representative sample of primary school-aged children in Spain. The sample consisted of 2,050 children (50.80% girls), with a mean age of 9.80 years (SD = 1.24), recruited from 27 primary schools. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. The model that presented the best fit indices was Lasa, Holgado, Carrasco, and del Barrio’s (2008) three-factor model: Understanding Feelings, Feelings of Sadness, and Tearful Reaction. The levels of internal consistency for the subscales ranged from .76 to .83. In addition, the results partially support the measurement invariance of the IECA across gender. When the latent means of the empathy dimensions were compared across gender, statistically significant differences were found. These results coincide with those found in the literature showing the multidimensionality of the IECA. Specifically, the findings support its three-factor structure and its invariance across gender, making it a very useful instrument for exploring the expression of empathy in primary school children (AU)

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