Impact of brief intervention and art therapy for alcohol users / Impacto de la intervención breve y de la arteterapia en usuarios de alcohol / Impacto da intervenção breve e arteterapia para usuários de álcool

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the impact of brief intervention paired with art therapy in patients who use alcohol. Method: This study presents intra-group design, with 11 alcoholics in the city of Tamarana-PR, Brazil, between 2015 and 2016. A test to identify the alcohol consumption level was used at the beginning/end of the actions. Cohen's effect size and paired t-test were used to identify the impact of the actions on the reduction of alcohol intake. Results: Six participants ceased alcohol consumption, four showed high level of consumption and one presented average consumption. The paired t-test result suggested statistically significant difference between the initial and final scores, as well as 0.76 effect size. Conclusion: The brief intervention associated with the art therapy resulted in significant impact in reducing alcohol consumption. Investing in the continuous training of primary health care professionals is crucial to consolidate the improvements achieved.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la intervención breve junto con la arteterapia en usuarios que consumen alcohol. Método: Diseño intragrupo, siendo realizado entre 2015 y 2016, con la participación de 11 alcohólicos de la ciudad de Tamarana (PR, Brasil). Se realizó una prueba para identificar el nivel de consumo de alcohol antes y después de las acciones, y se calcularon el tamaño del efecto de Cohen y la prueba t pareada para evaluar el impacto de las acciones en la reducción del consumo de alcohol. Resultados: Seis dejaron de consumir alcohol, cuatro presentaron un alto consumo y uno presentó un consumo mediano. El resultado de la prueba t pareada reveló una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los puntajes inicial y final, así como en el tamaño del efecto con un 0,76. Conclusión: La intervención breve asociada a la arteterapia tuvo un gran impacto en la disminuición del consumo de alcohol. Es fundamental invertir en la educación continuada de los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud para consolidar las mejoras obtenidas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar o impacto da intervenção breve em conjunto com a arteterapia em usuários que consomem álcool. Método: Delineamento intragrupo, com 11 alcoolistas na cidade de Tamarana-PR, entre 2015 e 2016. Foi utilizado um teste para identificação do nível de consumo de álcool ao início/término das ações e calculada a medida de efeito de Cohen e teste t pareado, para identificar o impacto das ações na redução do consumo de álcool. Resultados: Houve seis cessares do consumo de álcool, quatro apresentaram nível elevado de consumo e um apresentou consumo mediano. O resultado do teste t pareado sugeriu diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os escores iniciais e finais, assim como a medida de efeito de 0,76. Conclusão: A intervenção breve associada à arteterapia resultaram em grande impacto para a redução do consumo de álcool. É fundamental investir na educação continuada dos profissionais da atenção primária em saúde para consolidar as melhorias obtidas.

Impact of brief intervention and art therapy for alcohol users.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the impact of brief intervention paired with art therapy in patients who use alcohol. METHOD: This study presents intra-group design, with 11 alcoholics in the city of Tamarana-PR, Brazil, between 2015 and 2016. A test to identify the alcohol consumption level was used at the beginning/end of the actions. Cohen's effect size and paired t-test were used to identify the impact of the actions on the reduction of alcohol intake. RESULTS: Six participants ceased alcohol consumption, four showed high level of consumption and one presented average consumption. The paired t-test result suggested statistically significant difference between the initial and final scores, as well as 0.76 effect size. CONCLUSION: The brief intervention associated with the art therapy resulted in significant impact in reducing alcohol consumption. Investing in the continuous training of primary health care professionals is crucial to consolidate the improvements achieved.

Efficacy of brief alcohol screening intervention for college students (BASICS): a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: Many studies reported that brief interventions are effective in reducing excessive drinking. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a protocol of brief intervention for college students (BASICS), delivered face-to-face, to reduce risky alcohol consumption and negative consequences. METHODS: A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed by searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. A quality assessment of RCTs was made by using a validated scale. Combined mean effect sizes, using meta-analysis random-effects models, were calculated. RESULTS: 18 studies were included in the review. The sample sizes ranged from 54 to 1275 (median=212). All studies presented a good evaluation of methodological quality and four were found to have excellent quality. After approximately 12 months of follow-up, students receiving BASICS showed a significant reduction in alcohol consumption (difference between means=-1.50 drinks per week, 95% CI: -3.24 to -0.29) and alcohol-related problems (difference between means=-0.87, 95% CI: -1.58 to -0.20) compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, BASICS lowered both alcohol consumption and negative consequences in college students. Gender and peer factors seem to play an important role as moderators of behavior change in college drinking. Characteristics of BASICS procedure have been evaluated as more favorable and acceptable by students in comparison with others interventions or control conditions. Considerations for future researches were discussed.

La efectividad de la psicoterapia dinámica / The effectiveness of dymanic psychotherapy

Hay pocas dudas que las terapias psicodinámicas son, en general, beneficiosas, aunque es igualmente verdadero que no todos los pacientes se benefician hasta alcanzar un grado satisfactorio. El efecto promedio asociado con el tratamiento psicodinámico se acerca a una unidad de desviación estandar (70 por ciento de mejoría). Esto quiere decir que, al final de la terapia, la persona promedio tratada está en mejores condiciones en un 80 por ciento que la muestra no terapeutizada. Hay una historia de controversia y rencilla frente a la interpretación de la evidencia disponible. En este artículo damos a conocer la evidencia sobre la psicoterapia dinámica desde su nacimiento hasta el presente. Distinguimos cinco períodos en la evolución de la investigación