Las enfermedades emergentes y reemergentes: una mirada desde la obra del Dr. Juan Guiteras Gener / Emerging and re-emerging diseases: a look from the work of Dr. Juan Guiteras Gener

RESUMEN Se describen los principales aspectos de la labor del Dr. Juan Guiteras con relación a la sanidad cubana y a los avances de la ciencia de su época. Se presenta la situación higiénico-epidemiológica y las principales actividades de control realizadas bajo su dirección. Se siguió el método histórico-lógico, apoyado en la técnica de la revisión documental. En documentos del Archivo Histórico Provincial José Jacinto Milanés, y en artículos científicos del período, se revisaron informaciones y estadísticas de las principales epidemias ocurridas en Cuba entre 1900 y 1925: viruela, paludismo, fiebre amarilla, poliomielitis, peste bubónica, la gripe de 1918-1919 y la tuberculosis. Estas enfermedades se caracterizaron por una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. La respuesta institucional ante las epidemias fue acertada y oportuna, a partir de los recursos y avances científicos con los que contaban: permitió erradicar la fiebre amarilla (1908), la peste bubónica (1915), la viruela (1923), y disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad de la gripe, la tuberculosis, la fiebre tifoidea, la poliomielitis y el paludismo. El Dr. Guiteras tuvo una participación decisiva en el control de las epidemias y en la sanidad de la Isla, desde sus altos cargos en el ramo (AU).

ABSTRACT The main aspects of Juan Guiteras Gener's work in relation to Cuban health care and to the scientific advances of his times are described. The hygienic-epidemiological situation of those times and the main control activities carried out under his direction are presented. The historical-logical method was followed, based on documental review technique. Information and statistics of the main epidemics that occurred in Cuba in the period 1900-1925: smallpox, malaria, yellow fever, poliomyelitis, bubonic plague, 1918-1919 influenza, and tuberculosis were reviewed in documents of the Archivo Histórico Provincial José Jacinto Milanés[Provincial Historic Archive Jose Jacinto Milanes] and in scientific articles of the period. Those diseases were characterized by a high morbidity and mortality. The institutional answer toward epidemics was successful and timely, based on the resources and scientific advances then had: it allowed to eradicate yellow fever (1908), bubonic plague (1915), smallpox (1923) and decrease the morbidity and mortality of influenza, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, poliomyelitis and malaria. Doctor Guiteras made a decisive contribution in the control of epidemics and health in the Island, due to his high responsibilities in the field (AU).

Polo Científico Productivo de Matanzas: mecanismo de integración de la ciencia y la producción / Productive Scientific Pole of Matanzas: mechanism for integrating science and production

RESUMEN La Unidad de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de la Delegación Territorial del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente en Matanzas, promueve desde el 19 de enero de 2018 la revitalización del Polo Científico Productivo, como forma de procurar un mejor uso a la ciencia matancera e integrar los esfuerzos de los centros de investigación y empresas en pos del desarrollo socioeconómico del territorio. Actualmente, la provincia se encuentra envuelta en un esfuerzo por lograr que cada organismo se responsabilice con la puesta en marcha del Polo Científico Productivo, con la Delegación Territorial del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente como entidad coordinadora. El presente trabajo valora la significación del Polo Científico Productivo en la elevación del impacto de la ciencia y la técnica en la solución de los problemas productivos del territorio matancero (AU).

ABSTRACT The Unit of Science, Technology and Innovation of the Territorial Delegation of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment in Matanzas promotes, since January 19 2018, the revival of the Productive Scientific Pole as a form of giving a better use to science done in Matanzas province and integrating the research centers and enterprises efforts in pursuit of the socioeconomic development of the territory. Currently, the province is involved in an effort for ensuring that every organization assumes its responsibility in setting in motion the Productive Scientific Pole with the delegation of the Ministry of Sciences, Technology and Environment as the coordinating entity. This paper is written with the aim of assessing the importance of the Productive Scientific Pole in increasing the impact of science and technique in solving the productive problems of the Matanzas territory. The current paper assesses the importance of the Productive Scientific Pole in increasing the impact of science and technique in solving the productive problems of the Matanzas territory (AU).

Research in nursing and modification of the knowledge tree in CNPq: contribution to science.

OBJECTIVE: to identify funding demands in the light of CNPq's knowledge subareas, as well as data on researchers and research groups, their distribution in the regions and their approximation with health research priorities of the Ministry of Health and the new knowledge tree framework of the area. METHOD: a descriptive study developed with data from 2009 to 2014 about researchers, funding and research areas provided by the Diretoria de Ciências Agrárias Biológicas e Saúde (Department of Agriculture, Biology and Health Sciences). RESULTS: there is a concentration of researchers and research groups in the Southeast region. The research priorities in the health field most frequently addressed were: Noncommunicable Diseases, Child and Adolescent Health, Women's Health and Communicable diseases. The grants could be classified in the current framework of knowledge areas. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: this analysis enabled visualizing subarea demands and relevance of changing the nomenclature of the classification of knowledge framework in order to represent the scientific production generated in the nursing area.

Research in nursing and modification of the knowledge tree in CNPq: contribution to science / Investigación en enfermería y modificación del árbol del conocimiento en CNPq: contribución a la ciencia / Pesquisa em enfermagem e a modificação da árvore do conhecimento no CNPq: contribuição à ciência

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify funding demands in the light of CNPq's knowledge subareas, as well as data on researchers and research groups, their distribution in the regions and their approximation with health research priorities of the Ministry of Health and the new knowledge tree framework of the area. Method: a descriptive study developed with data from 2009 to 2014 about researchers, funding and research areas provided by the Diretoria de Ciências Agrárias Biológicas e Saúde (Department of Agriculture, Biology and Health Sciences). Results: there is a concentration of researchers and research groups in the Southeast region. The research priorities in the health field most frequently addressed were: Noncommunicable Diseases, Child and Adolescent Health, Women's Health and Communicable diseases. The grants could be classified in the current framework of knowledge areas. Final considerations: this analysis enabled visualizing subarea demands and relevance of changing the nomenclature of the classification of knowledge framework in order to represent the scientific production generated in the nursing area.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar demandas de financiamiento de las subáreas de conocimiento del CNPq, datos sobre investigadores, grupos de investigación, su distribución en las regiones de Brasil y su aproximación con prioridades de investigación en salud del Ministerio de Salud y de la nueva estrutura del árbol de conocimiento del área. Método: estudio descriptivo desarrollado con datos entre 2009 a 2014 sobre investigadores, financiamiento y áreas de investigación suministrados por la Diretoria de Ciências Agrárias Biológicas e Saúde (Dirección de Ciencias Agrarias Biológicas y Salud). Resultados: hay concentración de investigadores y grupos de investigación en la región Sudeste. Las áreas de la agenda de prioridades de investigación en salud más contempladas fueron: Enfermedades no Transmisibles, Salud del Niño y del Adolescente, Salud de la Mujer y Enfermedades Transmisibles. Las concesiones realizadas pudieron ser clasificadas en el actual árbol del conocimiento. Consideraciones finales: el análisis permite la visualización de las demandas de las subáreas y la pertinencia de la modificación de la nomenclatura del árbol del conocimiento, reflejando la producción generada por el área de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar demandas de financiamento das subáreas de conhecimento do CNPq, dados sobre pesquisadores, grupos de pesquisa, sua distribuição nas regiões do Brasil e sua aproximação com prioridades de pesquisa em saúde do Ministério da Saúde e do novo arcabouço da árvore de conhecimento da área. Método: estudo descritivo desenvolvido com dados entre 2009 e 2014, sobre pesquisadores, financiamento e áreas de pesquisa, fornecidos pela Diretoria de Ciências Agrárias Biológicas e Saúde. Resultados: há concentração de pesquisadores e grupos de pesquisa no Sudeste. As áreas da Agenda Nacional de Prioridades de Pesquisa em Saúde mais contempladas foram: Doenças Não Transmissíveis, Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Saúde da Mulher e Doenças Transmissíveis. As concessões realizadas puderam ser classificadas na atual árvore do conhecimento. Considerações finais: A análise permite a visualização das demandas das subáreas e pertinência da modificação da nomenclatura da árvore do conhecimento, refletindo a produção gerada pela área.