The effect of physical exercises program on social functioning, alexithymia, and sense of coherence among patients with bipolar disorders: A randomized control trial.

BACKGROUND: Despite evidence that physical exercises have been helpful in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, it is unclear whether these data can be generalized to bipolar disorder. The use of physical exercises is challenging and hopeful among patients with bipolar disorders. Few studies have examined the efficacy of physical exercise for patients with bipolar disorders. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effect of applying physical exercises program on social functioning, alexithymia, and sense of coherence among patients with bipolar disorders. METHODS: This study followed a randomized control trial design "pre and post-test." Patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 25) and control groups (Waiting list) (n = 25). The Social Functioning Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Sense of Coherence scales were applied in the study. Pre-test and post-tests were administered to investigate the effect of applying the physical exercises program between December 2022 to March 2023. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the mean sense of coherence and social functioning scores among the study group. Mean alexithymia scores were significantly decreased among the study group between pre, immediately after, and after a three-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Physical exercises are an adjunctive treatment modality that is helpful for patients with bipolar disorders. Nurse educators and service providers should reconsider the physical health care requirements for patients with bipolar disorders to equip them to manage the common comorbidities in people with mental illness.

The sense of coherence scale: psychometric properties in a representative sample of the Czech adult population.

BACKGROUND: Sense of coherence (SOC) is a personal resource that reflects the extent to which one perceives the world as comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful. Decades of empirical research consistently show that SOC is an important protective resource for health and well-being. Despite the extensive use of the 13-item measure of SOC, there remains uncertainty regarding its factorial structure. Additionally, a valid and reliable Czech version of the scale is lacking. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the SOC-13 scale in a representative sample of Czech adults. METHODS: An online survey was completed by 498 Czech adults (18-86 years old) between November 2021 and December 2021. We used confirmatory factor analysis to examine the factorial structure of the scale. Further, we examined the variations in SOC based on age and gender, and we tested the criterion validity of the scale using the short form of the Mental Health Continuum (MHC) scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) scale as mental health outcomes. RESULTS: SOC-13 showed an acceptable one- and three-factor fit only with specified residual covariance between items 2 and 3. We tested alternative short versions by systematically removing poorly performing items. The fit significantly improved for all shorter versions with SOC-9 having the best psychometric properties with a clear one-factorialstructure. We found that SOC increases with age and males score higher than females. SOC showed a moderately strong positive correlation with MHC, and a moderately strong negative correlation with GAD. These findings were similar for all tested versions supporting the criterion validity of the SOC scale. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that shortened versions of the SOC-13 scale have better psychometric properties than the original 13-item version in the Czech adult population. Particularly, SOC-9 emerges as a viable alternative, showing comparable reliability and validity as the 13-item version and a clear one-factorial structure in our sample.

A chain mediation model reveals the association between family sense of coherence and quality of life in caregivers of advanced cancer patients.

Caregivers of advanced cancer patients face challenges impacting their quality of life (QoL). While evidence suggests that family sense of coherence (FSOC) can enhance individual psychological well-being and reduce distress symptoms, the precise mechanism through which FSOC improves caregivers' QoL remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships among FSOC, psychological resilience, psychological distress, and QoL in primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients. A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken from June 2020 to March 2021 across five tertiary hospitals in China. Instruments included a general characteristic questionnaire, the Family Sense of Coherence Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the 8-item SF-8 health survey. Pearson's correlation and chain mediation analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 21) and PROCESS macro (version 3.4). Out of 290 valid questionnaires, results demonstrated that FSOC directly and positively influences caregivers' QoL. Psychological distress partially mediated the FSOC-QoL association, with paths "FSOC-psychological distress-QoL" and "FSOC-psychological resilience-psychological distress-QoL" contributing 43.08% and 6.72% of the total effect, respectively. Furthermore, this study distinguished physical and mental aspects of QoL, confirming both conform to the chain mediation model. FSOC impacts caregivers' QoL directly and indirectly through the mediation of psychological distress and the chain mediation effect of "psychological resilience-psychological distress". These insights enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between FSOC and QoL, underscoring the potential benefits of bolstering FSOC to strengthen caregiver resilience, alleviate distress, and ultimately elevate their QoL.

Relationship between self-psychological adjustment and post-traumatic growth in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the potential profiles of self-psychological adjustment in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy, including sense of coherence (SOC) and positive cognitive emotion regulation (PCER). The relationship between these profiles with post-traumatic growth (PTG) and the relevant factors of self-psychological adjustment in different profiles was analysed. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy in China. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 330 patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy were recruited out of which 321 completed the questionnaires effectively. METHODS: Latent profile analysis was used to identify self-psychological adjustment classes based on the two subscales of the Sense of Coherence Scale and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance and multinomial logistic regression were performed to examine the subgroup association with characteristics and PTG. RESULTS: Three latent profiles of self-psychological adjustment were identified: low level (54.5%), high SOC-low PCER (15.6%) and high PCER (29.9%). The results of univariate analysis showed a significant difference in PTG scores among different self-psychological adjustment subgroups (F=11.55, p<0.001). Patients in the high-PCER group were more likely living in urban areas (OR=2.41, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.97, p=0.02), and time since cancer diagnosis was ≥6 months and <1 year (OR=3.54, 95% CI 1.3 to 9.64, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that most patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy belonged to the low-level group. Three profiles are associated with PTG. There were differences in characteristics between patients treated with chemotherapy for lung cancer in the high-PCER and low-PCER groups. Thus, these profiles provide useful information for developing targeted individualised interventions based on demographic characteristics that would assist PTG in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Espiritualidad, vocación y sentido. Recursos generales de resistencia para profesionales de enfermería según la figura de San Juan de Dios / Espiritualidade, vocação e significado. Recursos gerais de resistência para profissionais de enfermagem segundo a figura de São João de Deus / Spirituality, vocation, and meaning. General resistance resources for nursing professionals according to the figure of Saint John of God

Este artículo tiene como objetivo elaborar una reflexión haciaaquellos elementos que actuaron como recursos espirituales enel proceso de formación de San Juan de Dios como enfermeroy elaborar una serie de aportaciones actuales para reforzar elsentido de coherencia de las enfermeras post pandemia. Seutilizó la metodología historiográfica aplicada a historia de laenfermería para la reconstrucción de la memoria profesional,tomando como referencia y ejemplo la figura de San Juan deDios y se recogieron los elementos siguiendo la herramientade valoración espiritual FICA. Los textos muestran a Juan deDios con un sentido de coherencia interna que se hizo posiblea través de los recursos psico-espirituales de la época. Éstosfacilitaron encontrar y desarrollar la vocación propia y lamotivación para desarrollarla y alcanzar la autorrealización.La propuesta es contemplar en la profesionalización enfermeraun cuidado por paraklesis, que implica presencia personal,actitud dialogal y palabra sapiencial, luminosa y alentadorasiguiendo el modelo de San Juan de Dios, y su relación conel modelo de valoración espiritual FICA.(AU)

This article aims to elaborate a reflection on the elementsthat were spiritual resources during the formation of SaintJohn of God as a nurse.It is also to elaborate a series of current contributions to reinforcethe nurses’sense of coherence within post-pandemic context.The historiographical methodology applied to nursing history was used for the reconstruction of professional memory, takingthe figure of Saint John of God as a reference and example.Thetexts show John of God with a sense of internal coherence.It was possible through the psycho-spiritual resources of thetime. These made it easier for him to find and develop hisown vocation and the motivation to develop it and achieveself-realization. Our proposal is to contemplate in nursingprofessionalization a care for paraklesis, which impliespersonal presence, dialogical attitude and wise, luminousand encouraging word following the model of Saint John ofGod and it relationship with FICA evaluation Model.(AU)

Este artigo tem como objetivo elaborar uma reflexão sobre oselementos que atuaram como recursos espirituais no processode formação de São João de Deus como enfermeiro e elaboraruma série de contribuições atuais para reforçar o sentidode coerência das enfermeiras pós-pandemia. Foi utilizada ametodologia historiográfica aplicada à história da enfermagempara a reconstrução da memória profissional, tendo comoreferência e exemplo a figura de São João de Deus, e oselementos foram coletados seguindo a ferramenta de avaliaçãoespiritual FICA. Os textos mostram São João de Deus comum sentido de coerência interna que se tornou possível pormeio dos recursos psico-espirituais da época. Estes facilitaramencontrar e desenvolver a vocação própria, bem como amotivação para desenvolvê-la e alcançar a autorrealização. Aproposta é contemplar na profissionalização da enfermeiraum cuidado por paraklesis, que implica presença pessoal,atitude dialógica e palavra sapiencial, luminosa e encorajadora,seguindo o modelo de São João de Deus e sua relação como modelo de avaliação espiritual FICA.(AU)

Analysis of trajectory changes and predictive factors of sense of coherence in patients after colorectal cancer surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the trajectories and potential categories of changes in the sense of coherence (SOC) in patients after colorectal cancer surgery and to analyze predictive factors. METHODS: From January to July 2023, 175 patients with colorectal cancer treated at a tertiary Grade A oncology hospital in Jiangsu Province were selected as the study subjects. Prior to surgery, SOC-13 scale, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to survey the patients. SOC levels were measured multiple times at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-surgery. Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) was applied to fit the trajectory changes of SOC in patients after colorectal cancer surgery. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive factors of SOC trajectory changes. RESULTS: The SOC scores of patients at points T1-T4 were (65.27 ± 9.20), (63.65 ± 10.41), (63.85 ± 11.84), and (61.56 ± 12.65), respectively. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated that gender, employment status, disease stage, household monthly income, intestinal stoma, nutritional status, illness perception, and social support were predictors of SOC trajectory changes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is heterogeneity in the trajectory changes of SOC in patients after colorectal cancer surgery. Healthcare professionals should implement early precision interventions based on the patterns of changes and predictive factors in each trajectory category.

Psychobiographical reflections on Viktor von Weizsäcker within the cultural framework of salutogenesis and medical anthropology.

This article explores the life of Viktor von Weizsäcker (VvW, 1886-1957), a German medical doctor, philosopher and founder of the Heidelberg School of Anthropological Medicine, from a psychobiographical and salutogenic perspective. The authors use salutogenesis and sense of coherence (SOC), and take crucial cultural, historical, and socio-structural frameworks into account to explore the life during the 19th and 20th Centuries in Germany. They present the exploration of a strong SOC in the life of VvW and show how SOC is created within the tight family bonds of the family clan, which has produced many extraordinary theologists, philosophers, scientists and politicians over six generations. In a complex, interconnected and holistic way, SOC is evident in von VvW's individual life, and is also shown to be a family resource. This article contributes to psychobiography in three ways: it develops the salutogenetic perspective in psychobiography, explores the life of VvW within a specific sociocultural context, and investigates the life from a salutogenetic and socio-cultural perspective. Finally, conclusions are drawn, and recommendations for theory and practice are given.

A sense of coherence (SOC) among the fathers of children with chronic illnesses.

AIM: This study focuses on the fathers of children with chronic illnesses in an effort to clarify how the stressor and the father's sense of coherence (SOC) influence their mental health and how the father's SOC is associated with the social support. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We conducted a self-reported questionnaire survey of 137 respondents (51 fathers of children with chronic illnesses, 86 fathers of healthy children) were statistically using ANOVA. RESULTS: The fathers' stressor was significantly related to their SOC. Furthermore, the SOC of the fathers majorly influenced their mental health, while having a buffering effect on the stressor with respect to depression. And their SOC was significantly positively associated with the social support. Our findings underscore that father's SOC has a buffering effect on self-mental health and is important for maintaining mental health and enhancing SOC to reduce the stressors of these fathers with respect to depression.

Exploring how people achieve recommended levels of physical activity, despite self-reported economic difficulties: a sense of coherence perspective.

BACKGROUND: The salutogenic theory forms the basis for health promotion and describes health as a continuum from a dis-ease pole of health to an ease pole. The core concept for the salutogenic theory is sense of coherence (SOC). For a strong SOC, general resistance resources, such as solid economic situation, are essential. The aim was to explore how people - despite self-reported economic difficulties - comprehend, manage and find it meaningful to achieve the level of physical activity recommended by World Health Organisation (WHO). METHOD: The study is based on interviews with people achieving the recommended physical activity (PA) level despite economic difficulties. The interviews were conducted at primary health care centres and family centres after a targeted health dialogue. We used a qualitative deductive content analysis based on sense of coherence as the main category, with the three generic categories of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. RESULT: The findings elucidate a pattern of a process. In this process, the participants comprehend their knowledge of the health benefits of PA and have a plan for performing their PA. They utilise their resources in order to manage to apply their knowledge and plan for PA in their lives despite their challenges. When PA becomes meaningful to them, they have an intrinsic motivation to perform it and experience its benefits. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a possible process that might help in achieving the recommended PA level among people with economic difficulties and other challenges. The findings might be used in health promotion work, such as targeted health dialogues in primary health care, to reduce health inequalities when supporting people who are not achieving the recommended levels of PA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.

The Relationships among Internalized Stigma, Sense of Coherence, and Personal Recovery of Persons with Schizophrenia Living in the Community.

We investigated (i) the relationships among internalized stigma (IS), sense of coherence (SOC), and the personal recovery (PR) of persons with schizophrenia living in the community, and (ii) how to improve the support for these individuals. A questionnaire survey on IS, SOC, and PR was sent by mail to 270 persons with schizophrenia living in the community who were using psychiatric daycare services, of whom 149 responded and 140 were included in the analysis. We established a hypothetical model in which IS influences PR, and SOC influences IS and PR, and we used structural equation modeling to examine the relationships among these concepts. The goodness of fit was acceptable. Our findings suggest that rather than directly promoting PR, SOC promotes PR by mitigating the impact of IS. It is important for nurses/supporters to support individuals with schizophrenia living in the community so that they have opportunities to reflect on their own experiences through their activities and to share their experiences with peers. Nurses/supporters themselves should also reflect on their own support needs. Our findings suggest that this will lead to a reduction of IS and the improvement of SOC, which will in turn promote personal recovery.

The impact of childhood trauma on emotional distress and the moderating role of sense of coherence among college students in China.

Childhood trauma is strongly linked to emotional distress. However, few studies have explored the impact of sense of coherence (SOC) on the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional distress in college students. This study aimed to explore its impact on the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional distress. Analyzing data from 2307 Chinese college students, we found that SOC moderated the association between childhood trauma and anxiety/depression levels. Females showed higher SOC and lower anxiety/depression despite experiencing more childhood trauma. Multiple linear regression revealed that anxiety was negatively associated with SOC(P < 0.001) and grade(P = 0.027), and positively with childhood trauma(P < 0.001) and male gender(P = 0.004). Similarly, the depression exhibited similar associations. SOC moderated negatively the relationship between CTQ and anxiety, as well as between CTQ and depression. Childhood trauma is associated with increased emotional distress risk among college students, but a strong SOC can reduce this risk.

The Effect of Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce on the Sense of Coherence and Psychological Well-being of Adolescents with a Parent with Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Having a parent with cancer is one of the risk factors for adolescents, which makes them face many psychological problems. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce on the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 92 adolescents whose diagnosed parents have referred to the oncology ward of Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Yasuj, from June to September 2021, were selected through the convenience sampling method; however, they were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of the intervention or control. The number of sessions in the intervention group was 6, each consisting of 60 minutes and performed one day a week for 6 weeks. In addition to the demographic information form, the Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Questionnaire-13 and the Ryff's scale of Psychological Well-being-18 were used before and immediately after the intervention. Data were analyzed through SPSS software, version 21, using statistical tests of Chi-square, t-test, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon. Results: After the intervention, statistically significant differences were observed in the median scores of the sense of coherence (P<0.001) and psychological well-being (P<0.001) between the two groups of intervention and control. Conclusion: Although the Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce could improve the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer, more investigations are recommended to be conducted.Trial Registration Number: IRCT20210331050795N1.

Enhancing the Sense of Coherence and Social Acceptance in Married Female Students with Education-Family Conflict: A Positive-Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy Approach

The study highlights the concept of education-family conflict, where educational roles clash with familial obligations, negatively affecting the sense of coherence and social acceptance of married female students. Previous studies have highlighted the increasing tendency of married women to pursue higher education and career advancement, which would emphasize the need for psychological interventions to support them. The study introduces Positive-Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy (PCBGT) as a novel intervention to address these concerns. Based on their education-family conflict scores, sense of coherence, and social acceptance, sixty married female students (aged 25-35) were purposively selected and equally assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group engaged in eight weekly 90-minute PCBGT sessions. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA with repeated measures. The findings underscore PCBGT's potential to empower students, enhancing their sense of coherence, manageability, meaningfulness, and social acceptance, persisting up to three months post-intervention. PCBGT enhances the sense of coherence by helping individuals recognize and apply their signature strengths, manage emotions, cultivate self-acceptance, and develop a more comprehensive and meaningful outlook on life. It also fosters social acceptance by promoting self-compassion, identifying strengths, regulating emotions, and enhancing interpersonal skills through structured sessions, ultimately improving individuals’ interactions and relationships. However, further investigation is necessary to comprehensively understand how PCBGT influences the sense of coherence and social acceptance among married female students managing education-family conflict. (AU)

Nurses' experiences of integrating the salutogenic perspective with person-centered care for older people in Swedish nursing home care: an interview-based qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Even though there has been a cultural change within residential aged care to a more person-centered care, there remain improvements to be made for a more consistent way of working. Using a salutogenic approach along with person-centered care is a potential way to promote it. This study aimed to describe nurses' experiences of combining person-centered care with a salutogenic approach at a nursing home for older people. METHODS: Nine nurses, specially trained in salutogenesis and Sense of coherence, were individually interviewed using a semi-structured interview approach. Data was analysed through qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The nurses experienced that the residential aged care was improved by using salutogenesis and Sense of coherence as a complement to person-centered care. Core aspects of person-centered care were thereby promoted, as the resources of the older persons were emphasized, and aged care became more holistic. In addition to improved residential aged care, the results indicate that this manner of working also contributed to enhanced work satisfaction of the care personnel themselves. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that a salutogenic approach facilitates the implementation of person-centered care by focusing on the older persons' resources and maintaining health. The organization needs to prioritize training staff in salutogenesis and person-centered care, as it supports working toward a common goal and benefits both the older persons and the staff.

The relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence as individual health assets for mental health promotion in students and healthcare professionals: a scoping review.

Introduction: Workplace Mental health promotion in healthcare sector, is a global priority due to the stress associated with caregiving environments and the increase of mental health problems among health professionals and students. The role of emotional intelligence (EI) and sense of coherence (SOC) have been identified as critical health protectors. However, the relationship between them as well as the underlying mechanisms of these relationships on health benefits in this population is still unclear. Aim: To synthetize the existing literature on the relationship between emotional intelligence and sense of coherence, as well as their mutual impact on healthcare workers' and student's well-being. Method: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in PsyCINFO, CINHAL, SCOPUS and PUBMED databases, using key-terms such as students, health professionals, emotional intelligence, and sense of coherence. Results: A total of 11 articles were included, with a range of years from 2014 to 2022. Evidence was found to support the positive relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence. The use of EI as a training pathway to improve SOC and health promoting behaviors is suggested. The benefits of intervening on these factors contribute to improved health professionals' and students' general well-being and motivation for a better performance, either in their studies or clinical work. Conclusion: The positive relationship between emotional intelligence and a sense of coherence has direct and indirect benefits on students' and healthcare professionals' well-being. Future studies should address longitudinal and experimental analysis to confirm these findings.

Salutogenesis: A sense of coherence and health among British military veterans exposed to impactful life challenges - the emergence of post-traumatic growth and positive deviance within a life-story approach.

Background: This study sought to capture the perspectives and experiences of two sub-groups of military veterans, namely those who had previously been identified as offenders and those employed as practitioners within the criminal justice system in the United Kingdom. Methods: The lead author undertook narrative inquiry in the form of life story research. The life stories of 17 in-depth interviews were conducted across England and Wales, allowing for insight into the lived experiences of two life story trajectories of the health of military veterans. Existing literature on salutogenesis, health, post-traumatic growth, and positive deviance has also been investigated. Results: Life story interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed concurrently using thematic analysis to identify emergent themes. The researchers used thematic analysis as an analytical framework to allow descriptive themes from the literature on salutogenesis, health, post-traumatic, and positive deviance to be compared with those of life-story interviews. Conclusion: The study adopts a salutogenic approach, which suggests that an important indicator for a sense of coherence is enabled through the positive utilization of resilience through the reconstruction of military identity and experience. Notably, the concept of salutogenesis demonstrates the ability to draw from internal and external resources as circumstances require, to survive, and because of this, the participants' health is maintained or improved. Hence, adaptation was notable through the coherence identified by the identity of being a veteran noted between the two subgroups and represents a continuous and dynamic process. The study suggests that the development of a sense of coherence is not restricted to the early decades of life but is a continuous process as contexts, personal circumstances, and opportunities arise. This later point is realized through the presence of post-traumatic growth and positive deviance, as they aid in the nurturing and development of a renewed sense of coherence via the known identity of military service and life.

Positive mental health and sense of coherence among emergency medical service professionals.

Background: Positive mental health (PMH) is a construct used to define and evaluate health from a positive perspective. Healthcare professionals in the emergency ambulance service are more likely to experience mental health disorders than the overall population. The demographic and occupational variables and Sense of Coherence (SOC) can act as predictors of PMH and can serve as protective elements against stress and demanding situations in the work environment. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate PMH and its relationship with demographic and occupational variables and determine if SOC is a predictive variable for PMH in health professionals working in the emergency ambulance service. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with a sample of 406 healthcare professionals from the emergency ambulance service in eight health regions of Catalonia, Spain. The following variables were analyzed: Age, biological sex, household members, dependents family members, professional category, type of contract, job satisfaction and sense of collaboration with other institutions. The following assessment instruments were used: Positive Mental Health Questionnaire and Sense of Coherence scale. Results: High scores were obtained in Positive Mental Health (PMH). Study participants who reported feeling completely satisfied in their work also showed a significant relationship with all PMH factors: greater satisfaction with their personal life, in their helpful prosocial attitude toward others, in their capability to deal effectively with stress and navigate conflict scenarios, in their ability to solve problems and self-realization, greater empathy and ability to understand the feelings of others, greater ability to establish interpersonal relationships. Comprehensibility, as a dimension of SOC, was identified as a predictor for some factors of PMH: a greater personal satisfaction, self-control, autonomy, interpersonal skills and total PMHQ. More than 43% of positive mental health in health professionals is explained by higher Meaningfulness and Comprehensibility values of the SOC, the absence of dependent family members and having a non-graduate background. Conclusion: Healthcare workers in the emergency ambulance service had high PMH. Meaningfulness (ME) and Comprehensibility (C), dimensions of SOC, were identified as model predictors of greater PMH, showing higher scores in most of PMH factors. To enhance SOC as a mental health promotion measure, resilience programs should be implemented to help professionals develop skills to face and overcome adverse situations. Educating in stress management thought networks are key elements to strengthen SOC. Managers in emergency medical services play a key role in transforming healthcare work environments to promote positive outcomes in the mental health of their healthcare workers.

Sentido de coherencia en mujeres lactantes: una revisión de alcance / Sense of coherence in breastfeeding women: A scoping review

Fundamento. El establecimiento de la lactancia materna puede resultar una situación potencialmente estresante. El objetivo del estudio es analizar el sentido de coherencia en mujeres lactantes, establecer los recursos generales de resistencia que lo modulan, y determinar las intervenciones profesionales que lo promueven. Metodología. Se incluyeron estudios en inglés, español o portugués, que evaluaran el sentido de coherencia de las mujeres lactantes, localizados en las bases de datos PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect y CINAHL entre marzo y mayo de 2023. La calidad de los estudios y el riesgo de sesgo se evaluaron siguiendo los criterios ICROMS y STROBE. Resultados. Se identificaron 316 registros, de los que se incluyeron un total de ocho estudios, tres cualitativos y cinco cuantitativos, todos con calidad suficiente. Un alto nivel de sentido de coherencia materno se relacionó con mayor duración, autoeficacia y disfrute de la experiencia de lactancia, y mayor apego. Los principales recursos generales de resistencia fueron percibir apoyo social, especialmente de parejas, madres y personal sanitario, además de experiencia previa positiva y una actitud positiva. Las intervenciones que favorecieron el sentido de coherencia fueron las relacionadas con un apoyo profesional estrecho, empático, personalizado, integral y centrado en la familia. Conclusiones. La determinación del nivel de sentido de coherencia en madres lactantes puede ayudar a identificar a mujeres con mayor riesgo de destete temprano, y a establecer estrategias de intervención profesional que mejoren la experiencia de lactancia materna. (AU)

Background. The establishment of breastfeeding may sometimes be stressful. We aimed to analyze the sense of coherence in lactating women to determine the general resistance resources during lactation and the professional interventions that promote a high sense of coherence. Methods. A search of studies in English, Spanish, or Portuguese on lactating women's sense of coherence was carried out in PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and CINAH databases published between May and November 2022. Study quality and risk of bias were examined according to ICROMS and STROBE criteria. Results. We identified 316 studies, of which eight -all of adequate quality- were included, three qualitative and five quantitative. A high level of maternal sense of coherence was related to longer duration, self-efficacy, attachment, and enjoyment of the breastfeeding experience. The main general resistance resources were to receive social support, particularly from partners, mothers, and health professionals. The interventions that favored the sense of coherence were mainly those related to a close, empathic, personalized, comprehensive, and family-centered professional support. Conclusions. The detection of the level of sense of coherence in lactating mothers may help identify women with a higher risk of weaning and establish professional intervention strategies that improve the breastfeeding experience. (AU)

Development and Psychometric Test of the Salutogenic Survey on Sustainable Working Life for Nurses: Identifying Resistance Resources against Stress.

Extensive research shows nurses' work environment to be particularly stressful. This study develops, explores, and psychometrically tests a new profession-specific questionnaire identifying generalised and specific resistance resources, that make it possible to measure resources to manage work-related stress. An exploratory study design was employed. The questionnaire development was inspired by the MEASURE approach and the salutogenic theory of health. Building on the results from a literature review of nursing research and salutogenesis, supplemented by twelve interviews with hospital nurses, an item pool was generated. The first version was pilot-tested in a group of nurses who were studying to become specialist nurses. The second version of the questionnaire was psychometrically tested on a sample of registered nurses in close patient care (n = 475), analysed using confirmatory factor analysis to test seven predefined domains of the questionnaire. The analysis revealed a first order seven-domain model of 21 items: job satisfaction, professional role, work motivation, commitment, belonging in the workplace, factors and conditions for remaining in the profession, and workload. The structure of the questionnaire indicates its usefulness in clinical practice for measuring resistance resources.

[Sense of coherence in breastfeeding women: A scoping review].

BACKGROUND: The establishment of breastfeeding may sometimes be stressful. We aimed to analyze the sense of coherence in lactating women to determine the general resistance resources during lactation and the professional interventions that promote a high sense of coherence. METHODS: A search of studies in English, Spanish, or Portuguese on lactating women's sense of coherence was carried out in PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and CINAH databases published between May and November 2022. Study quality and risk of bias were examined according to ICROMS and STROBE criteria. RESULTS: We identified 316 studies, of which eight -all of adequate quality- were included, three qualitative and five quantitative. A high level of maternal sense of coherence was related to longer duration, self-efficacy, attachment, and enjoyment of the breastfeeding experience. The main general resistance resources were to receive social support, particularly from partners, mothers, and health professionals. The interventions that favored the sense of coherence were mainly those related to a close, empathic, personalized, comprehensive, and family-centered professional support. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of the level of sense of coherence in lactating mothers may help identify women with a higher risk of weaning and establish professional intervention strategies that improve the breastfeeding experience.