Influencia de la posición de la cabeza femoral en el desarrollo acetabular / Influence of femoral head positioning upon acetabular development

Objetivo: Analizar las alteraciones que las diferentes osteotomías femorales proximales provocan sobre la morfología acetabular. Material y método: Se intervinieron 30 corderos, de tres meses de edad, divididos en cinco grupos: grupo 1, se efectuó una osteotomía varizante de fémur sin modificar la versión femoral; grupo 2, una osteotomía valguizante de fémur sin modificar la versión femoral; grupo 3, una osteotomía derrotatoria de fémur, disminuyendo la anteversión femoral sin modificar el ángulo cérvico-diafisario; grupo 4, una osteotomía derrotatoria de fémur, aumentando la anteversión femoral sin modificar el ángulo cérvico-diafisario; y grupo 5 o control. El sacrificio se realizó a los tres meses de la intervención y se midió la morfología acetabulo-femoral. Resultados: La versión femoral del lado intervenido no se correlacionó ni con la diferencia entre el diámetro acetabular antero-posterior derecho e izquierdo, ni con la diferencia entre el diámetro acetabular infero-superior derecho e izquierdo, ni con la diferencia entre el volumen acetabular derecho e izquierdo. El ángulo cérvico-diafisario intervenido se correlacionó con la diferencia entre el volumen acetabular derecho e izquierdo (p=0,023), siendo menor la diferencia entre el volumen acetabular derecho e izquierdo cuanto mayor era el ángulo cérvico-diafisario. Conclusión: Un ángulo cérvico-diafisario disminuido provoca un aumento del volumen acetabular. Por lo tanto, la osteotomía varizante de fémur podría utilizarse para mejorar el volumen acetabular (AU)

Objective: To analyze the alterations produced by the different proximal femoral osteotomies upon acetabular morphology. Material and methods: Thirty 3-month-old lambs were divided into 5 groups: group 1 (varus osteotomy of the femur without modifying femoral version), group 2 (valgus osteotomy of the femur without modifying femoral version), group 3 (derotation osteotomy of the femur, reducing femoral anteversion without modifying the neck-diaphyseal angle), group 4 (derotation osteotomy of the femur, increasing femoral anteversion without modifying the neck-diaphyseal angle), and group 5 (control). The animals were sacrificed three months after the operation and the acetabular and femoral morphology was measured. Results: Femoral version on the operated side was not correlated to the difference between the right and left anteroposterior acetabular diameter, the difference between the right and left inferosuperior acetabular diameter, or the difference between the right and left acetabular volume. The operated neck-diaphyseal angle was correlated to the difference between the right and left acetabular volume (p = 0.023) - the difference in volume decreasing with increasing neck-diaphyseal angle. Conclusion: A diminished neck-diaphyseal angle results in an increased acetabular volume. Therefore, varus osteotomy of the femur could be used to improve the acetabular volume (AU)

Reduction and stabilisation of a supraglenoid tuberosity avulsion under arthroscopic guidance in a dog.

A supraglenoid tuberosity avulsion fracture was diagnosed in a five-month-old dog, which was presented with a non-weightbearing lameness of the right forelimb after being involved in a road traffic accident. Arthroscopy allowed associated cartilaginous, capsular and ligamentotendinous injuries to be ruled out. The fracture was reduced and stabilised under arthroscopic guidance using a Kirschner wire and a cortical bone screw. Video assistance significantly minimised the extent of the necessary craniomedial approach. The lameness was very mild 15 days after surgery and had disappeared after four weeks. Radiographs taken nine weeks postoperatively revealed complete bone healing and implants were removed. No lameness was reported during a follow-up period of 20 months. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing shoulder osteosynthesis under arthroscopic guidance in the dog. The mildly invasive character of arthroscopy and video-assisted surgical procedures may allow a faster recovery and may limit complications following the treatment of articular fractures.

Complete biceps brachii tenotomy to facilitate internal fixation of supraglenoid tubercle fractures in three horses.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a method for internal fixation of supraglenoid tubercle fractures in conjunction with complete tenotomy of the biceps brachii tendon. ANIMALS: Three horses, ranging in age from 8 months to 2 years and weighing from 300 to 400 kg. METHODS: Fractures were repaired by open reduction-internal fixation using bone screws placed in lag fashion and complete tenotomy of the biceps brachii tendon. OUTCOME: All three horses were sound for their intended use with a good cosmetic result 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Complete transection of the biceps brachii tendon facilitates supraglenoid tubercle fracture repair by reducing tensile forces exerted on the supraglenoid tubercle. Complete tenotomy does not appear to preclude return to a successful athletic career.

[Fractures of the scapula in pigs intended for slaughter (author's transl)]. / slachtvarkens

Fractures may be observed in the scapulae of those pigs intended for slaughter, which have undergone electrical stunning. These fractures may be classified into three types. That type in which the fracture is localized in the glenoid cavity is the most injurious one as it is accompanied by haemorrhage and therefore will result in loss of meat. This is liable to cause injuries to the employees engaged in boning out. It was concluded from an inquiry as well as from experimental exposure to stress that fractures of the shoulder are due to the marked tonic contractions of mainly antagonistic muscles, resulting in excessive strain on the shoulder blade and its joints. It is a striking fact that fractures of the shoulder were not observed in pigs stunned electrically while they were in a restraining apparatus.

Application of temporary splints.

Emergency splintage is a variety of first aid. The procedures which one might expect to find performed before the patient enters the hospital for definitive diagnostic treatment are too often ignored in a busy and otherwise excellent veterinary practice. Simple entrance in the hospital and cage confinement do not appreciably lessen the likelihood of increased self-trauma. The manipulation inherent in physical and radiographic examination of the injured and painful animal is an even greater indication for immobilization to prevent additional trauma. The clinician is dutybound to place a proper splint on the affected animal to lessen subsequent trauma and to prevent edema. The techniques presented allow this application with minimal time and expense and maximal support and protection to the patient.