El trabajo social y sus intervenciones de apoyo a la capacidad jurídica de las personas, tras la Ley 8/2021 / Social Work and its Interventions to Support the Legal Capacity of People, after Law 8/2021

La relación del trabajo social con la Administración de Justicia adquiere una nueva dimensión en el campo de la discapacidad. La Ley 8/2021, por la que se reforma la legislación civil y procesal para el apoyo a las personas con discapacidad en el ejercicio de su capacidad jurídica, reconoce la importancia de esta profesión y la sitúa junto a la profesión médica en cuánto a la información pericial y la intervención a realizar con personas con discapacidad. La cuestión de los apoyos para mejorar la capacidad jurídica es una variable fundamental para que la valoración sociofamiliar sea necesaria. La aportación de este estudio es descriptiva y propositiva, sitúa la ley en relación con la situación social y con la profesión del trabajo social. Posteriormente, detalla las disciplinas o especialidades del trabajo social que pueden participar en estos procedimientos judiciales, con ejemplos de relaciones previas entre la regulación de la discapacidad y el trabajo social. Finalmente, realiza una propuesta de trabajo, un inicio de protocolo de actuación entre disciplinas para buscar la colaboración en forma de mesa redonda que recoge la ley. (AU)

The relationship between social work and the administration of justice acquires a new dimension in the field of disability. Law 8/2021, which reforms civil and procedural legislation to support people with disabilities in the exercise of their legal capacity, recognizes the importance of this profession and places it on a par with the medical profession in terms of expert information and intervention to be carried out with people with disabilities. The question of support to improve legal capacity is a fundamental variable for the socio-family assessment to be necessary. The contribution of this study is descriptive and propositional; it places the law concerning the social situation and the profession of social work. Subsequently, it details the disciplines or specialties of social work that can participate in these judicial proceedings, with examples of previous relationships between the regulation of disability and social work. Finally, it makes a work proposal, a beginning of the protocol of action between disciplines to seek collaboration in the form of a round table that includes the law. (AU)

State Definitions of Social Work Practice: Implications for our Professional Identity.

PURPOSE: For over a century, the social work profession has been concerned with describing the unique and specific characteristics that define its core functions in society; however, the profession has yet to agree to a single definition of social work. In the absence of a unifying definition, 51 different statutory definitions of social work have been created by each state and the District of Columbia. METHODS: Using qualitative methods, each statutory definition of social work was analyzed to gain an understanding of how social work is defined and understood across the United States. RESULTS: Findings indicate that 57% of the statutory language blend the full range of micro to macro social work practice skills into their definition. However, even within these and those remaining, there are vast differences in definitions. DISCUSSION: Implications for state licensing laws, are considered, along with how this impacts education, the work force, and professional identity.

[The systematic review of the social services legislative regulation among elderly citizens and disabled persons in Russian Federation].

The systematic review and data analysis of the social services legislative regulation among elderly citizens and disabled persons in Russian Federation was submitted. The structure of the consolidated legislation on social services among citizens of advanced age was defined. The Russian legislative database in all subjects of the Russian Federation was analyzed. Analytical results thus obtained made it possible to designate the subjective rights of elderly citizens in the field of social services, the lists of bases for providing social services, different kinds of these services according to the consolidated legislation in all subjects of the Russian Federation, and various legal organizational forms providing these social services also.

[Voluntary work in social and health care: a critical review of assessment instruments]. / Freiwilligenengagement im Gesundheits- und Pflegebereich: Ein Critical Review über Assessmentinstrumente.

BACKGROUND: Due to an increasing need for voluntary workers in the provision of care for care-dependent people, sustainable recruiting, retention, and quality management strategies are required. In this regard, assessment instruments (AI) are helpful as a basis for obtaining information and planning. The aims of this critical review are to identify AIs in voluntary work and to analyze and critically appraise their domains, target groups, and psychometric properties. METHODS: A systematic search with an interdisciplinary emphasis was conducted in Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO and other socioscientific databases. After the selection of identified articles, 12 research papers remained for analysis and were summarized in a critical review. RESULTS: In total, 15 AIs, 13 domains (e.g., motivation, satisfaction), and 4 target groups could be identified. The domain "motivation" and the target group "voluntary workers in hospice/palliative care" were most frequently represented. Currently, there are no instruments available which cover a broad range of domains and target groups. CONCLUSION: To support sustainability and quality of care in volunteerism, the development of new AIs is necessary.

Aplicación de los programas basados en la evidencia al trabajo profesional con familias con menores en riesgo en España / No disponible

Se pretende valorar la utilidad y viabilidad de aplicar programas basados en la evidencia (PBE) dirigidos a menores en situación de riesgo a la realidad española de la intervención desde Servicios Sociales. Partiendo de la base de datos de The California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare se aplican criterios de viabilidad para la aplicación de programas en el desarrollo del trabajo de Equipos de Tratamiento Familiar (ETF) de Andalucía, tomados como un ejemplo de servicio del sistema público de Servicios Sociales de España. Se identifican los programas que pueden ser más útiles para profesionales de España y qué pueden aportar para enriquecer su trabajo. Los resultados señalan que las situaciones en las que hay más variedad de programas susceptibles de aplicar son las de menores con conductas disruptivas y consumo de tóxicos a partir de 12 años de edad. No obstante, la aplicación de PBE al entorno español aún tiene muchas limitaciones que derivan de la forma de entender los servicios sociales para menores en riesgo en EE.UU. y Europa

The aim of this study is the evaluation of the serviceability and viability, in the Spanish public social service reality, of the application of evidence-based programs (EBP) for at-risk children. The California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare data base, together with viability criteria, are applied to find out which programs are better suited to be used by practitioners of Family Treatment Teams. In this paper attention is paid to the most useful programs and how they can contribute to the Spanish practioners’ work. The problems that are more thoroughly covered with EBPs meeting viability criteria are conduct problems and substance abuse in over-12 year old individuals. Nevertheless, the EBPs implementation in the Spanish context suffers from a series of limitations that spring, ultimately, from the differences between USA and Europe in their understanding of public social services and how they manage the situations of at-risk children and their families

Complex patients: social workers' perceptions of complexity in health and rehabilitation services.

We report on a qualitative study exploring health social workers' understanding of complexity in relation to inpatients in subacute wards at three sites across a large health network in Melbourne, Australia. Findings indicate that social workers' understanding of complexity refers to five interrelated themes: multiple competing demands; uncertainty; patient and family characteristics; pending breakdown; systems challenges. Social workers with less practice experience report that complex clients present more challenges than do social workers with greater experience. Implications of these findings for advancing practitioners' capacities in working with complex patients are discussed, as are the limitations of the study.

Exploration of factors associated with social worker attitudes toward suicide.

BACKGROUND: Social workers are expected to play important roles in suicide intervention. Caregiving behaviours of medical personnel to suicidal individuals have been reported to be influenced by their own attitudes toward suicide. In this context, only a limited number of studies have examined social workers' attitudes toward suicide. AIM: The purpose of this study was to explore associations between personal or occupational factors of social workers and their attitudes toward suicide. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 2,999 study participants registered with the Tokyo chapter of the Japanese Association of Certified Social Workers. We adopted the Attitudes Toward Suicide Scale (ATTS) to measure attitudes toward suicide. MANCOVA was used to test for the effects of demographic, personal and occupational factors on ATTS sub-scale scores. RESULTS: Participants with a history of suicidal thoughts had stronger attitudes regarding the right to suicide than those with no history; these attitudes were not affected by a history of participating in suicide-prevention training. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that suicide education should incorporate programmes directed at altering permissive attitudes toward suicide.

Meeting the social and behavioral health needs of students: rethinking the relationship between teachers and school social workers.

BACKGROUND: While school-based mental health professionals obviously must provide mental health services to students directly, the literature is increasingly identifying an empowerment role for these professionals, whereby they support teachers as primary service providers. The purpose of this study was to identify subtypes of school social workers within the context of collaborative practice, and to identify individual and contextual factors associated with these classifications as well as overall levels of collaboration. METHODS: Latent class analysis, conducted using data collected as part of the National School Social Work Survey 2008 (N = 1639), was employed to examine underlying subtypes of school social work practitioners in relation to collaborative practices and to examine predictors of collaborative practice. RESULTS: Four broad categories of school social workers were identified, including (1) noncollaborators, (2) system-level specialists, (3) consultants, and (4) well-balanced collaborators. These classes were associated with the number of schools served, grade level, education, and clinical licensure status; level of administrative responsibility was not associated with class membership. CONCLUSION: While school social workers varied in collaborative practices, opportunities exist to enhance their role in educating and supporting teachers to serve as primary providers to students with social, mental health, and behavioral needs. The implications for school-based mental health providers, teachers, administrators, policymakers, and researchers are discussed.

SCIRehab Project series: the social work/case management taxonomy.

CONTEXT: Social work and case management (SW/CM) are integral components of acute inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. However, evidence is sparse regarding the impact of SW/CM interventions on outcomes. To advance research on SW/CM clinical practice in SCI rehabilitation, SW/CM providers and researchers first must have standard classifications for SW/CM interventions. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To develop a taxonomy (classification) of the various interventions and services that comprise SW/CM. METHODS: A group of SW/CM clinicians compiled a list of activities performed as routine practice at the participating rehabilitation facilities. These activities were grouped and defined systematically. RESULTS: The resulting taxonomy includes 8 major activity topics (financial planning, discharge planning, discharge services, supportive counseling, information about and referral to peer/advocacy groups, education about SCI and other relevant topics, information about and referral to community/in-house services, and team conferences), which were further stratified into specific content areas. Interactions with the patient, family, or other team members and resources, along with descriptions of the interactions that are applicable to each of the 8 activity topics, were included as well. CONCLUSION: An intervention taxonomy is required to study the SW/CM interventions and the potential association with positive rehabilitation outcomes for patients with SCI. The SW/CM taxonomy developed for the SCIRehab project, which will be used with 1,500 patients admitted to 6 SCIRehab centers over 2.5 years, will provide an infrastructure for such research.

Ouvidoria: o sentido ético da participação / Ombudsman: the ethical sense of participation

A intencao de realizar esta pesquisa sobre o tema "Ouvidoria: o sentido etico da participacao", é contribuir com a qualidade dos servicos prestados à população usuária do ILSL. O setor ouvidoria, desde que implantado, constitui-se como instrumento de transformação considerando importante a opinião e a participação do cliente/ usuário na identificação de pontos que possam ser melhorados, tornando-se democrático. O estudo teve como objetivo geral caracterizar as representações e a participação dos usuários do ILSL na ouvidoria e quantificar essas representações, bem como conhecer as atribuições do ouvidor, que deve agir sempre de acordo com o código de ética profissional. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como quali-quantitativa, descrevendo e correlacionando os dados obtidos. O universo da pesquisa contemplou-se por profissionais que compõem ou fizeram parte da ouvidoria entre os anos de 2000 a 2006. Percebe-se, com a pesquisa, que a procura pelos serviços da ouvidoria tem aumentado e que ela esta sendo gradativamente conhecida, devido a divulgação dos seus serviços.

The relationship of job type to burnout in social workers at social welfare offices.

This study sought to determine the relationship of job type differences to burnout level, the details of job characteristics for each job type, and the association between burnout and job factors in 189 social workers at all social welfare offices in a prefecture in Japan. Among the three job types, 32.9% of social workers involved with public assistance, 29.0% of social workers involved with public assistance, the elderly, the disabled and single mothers, and 15.2% of social workers involved with the elderly, the disabled and single mothers were scored in the "high burnout" category (p<.05). Job type differed significantly with respect to the job characteristics of percentage of time spent on home visits per typical working day, job satisfaction, aversion to the job, and social support. The job type of public assistance work had a higher percentage of time spent on home visits per typical working day, aversion to the job, lower job satisfaction, and less social support than the job type involving no public assistance work. Multiple regression analyses showed the associations between job factors and burnout for each job type. Aversion to the job had a primary positive association with burnout for all social worker job types. Social support had a negative association with burnout in social workers whose clients included public assistance cases. The number of years in social work had a negative association with burnout, while percentage of time spent doing interviews per typical working day had a positive association with burnout in social workers who were involved with public assistance, the elderly, the disabled and single mothers. These results suggest that the job type of public assistance work may carry a higher risk of burnout than job types involving no public assistance work. To ameliorate this risk, it was thought to be important to improve aversion to the job as well as having a social support network for public assistance social workers.

Guía de servicios sociales 2004-2005

Información actualizada sobre los servicios de la Secretaría de Desarrollo Social, dirigidos especialmente a la población en situación de pobreza y vulnerabilidad social; y ordenados según población destinataria, repartición responsable, tema, distribución por CGP

Guía de servicios sociales 2004-2005

Información actualizada sobre los servicios de la Secretaría de Desarrollo Social, dirigidos especialmente a la población en situación de pobreza y vulnerabilidad social; y ordenados según población destinataria, repartición responsable, tema, distribución por CGP

El papel del conocimiento experto en la gestión y percepción de los riesgos laborales / The role of expert knowledge int he management and perception of occupational risks

Este trabajo pretende proporcionar un espacio de reflexión sobre el papel que el conocimiento experto juega en nuestros días en a gestión y percepción social de los riesgos laborales. El recurso a la historiografía reciente sobre salud laboral y a los estudios sociales de la ciencia permite ilustrar cómo ha operado históricamente el conocimiento experto en la consecución de consensos sociales en torno al manejo de tecnologías de riesgo. En primer lugar, se muestra cómo ese conocimiento experto suele forjar una imagen muy restrictiva de los problemas de salud laboral, que a la postre condiciona la percepción colectiva de los riesgos basada en la confianza sobre su control tecnológico y en la propia subestimación de los riesgos. La restricción de los problemas de salud laboral al ámbito experto técnico-médico-legal tiende así mismo a sustraer el control de los riesgos del debate social, generando una «desproblematización» de la salud laboral, que sólo es puesta en entredicho en forma de aparición episódica de «escándalos» o «tragedias», cuyo desarrollo suele dejar indemnes los factores estructurales que los provocaron. Por último, exploraré el papel del conocimiento experto en la opinión que los propios trabajadores se forman de los riesgos laborales. Los procesos de naturalización e individualización del riesgo que favorece el enfoque experto tienden a reforzar el protagonismo de la susceptibilidad o resistencia individuales en la concepción del riesgo. De esta manera, se hace hincapié en la responsabilidad de la propia víctima en detrimento del papel otorgado a los determinantes sociales y técnicos de los riesgos laborales (AU)

This paper provides an insight into the role played by contemporary expert culture in the management and control of occupational risks. Recent historiography in occupational medicine and scholarship in social studies of science are cited to illustrate how expertise has historically contributed to achieving social consensus on the use of risk technologies. First, it is shown how expertise contributes to shaping a very restrictive image of the health risks posed by industrial processes. Eventually, this restrictive image becomes decisive in determining public understanding of industrial risks. This public perception relies on confidence in technical control and on the underestimation of risks. Moreover, the encapsulation of occupational health issues within the technical, medical and legal domains hinders public debate on risk control and brings about its social "deproblematisation". Occupational health matters appear in the social arena only as episodic scandals or tragedies, which are managed without considering structural determinants. Finally, I explore the role of expertise in workers’ own opinion of health risks. Strategies fostered by expert culture, such as the individualisation and naturalisation of risks, tend to lay more stress on the sensitivity or resistance of workers than on social or technical determinants of risks (AU)

Understanding collaboration between social workers and physicians: application of a typology.

This article builds on prior analyses of data collected from a qualitative study of 50 pairs of social worker-physician collaborators in. This article presents the elements of a typology of collaborators from both professions developed from those analyses. The typology was also applied to the entire sample and each respondent characterized according to type (traditional, transitional or transformational). Further analysis was done to evaluate the relationships between type and collaborative perspectives. The sample was primarily transitional (56%-58%) and there were more traditional social workers (22%) and transformational doctors (24%) than anticipated. Social workers, as a group, were much less satisfied with the doctors than the doctors were with them although both groups of traditional respondents were the most dissatisfied. Both groups were least transformational in relation to control over decision making.

The development of an Australian national classification system for social work practice in health care.

Australian Social Work, over recent years, has been challenged to develop a standardised and accurate classification system for social work interventions. The need for such a system arose through changes in funding arrangements based on the Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) treated within hospitals. In Australian hospitals, the mix of DRGs treated became known as its 'casemix.' These new funding arrangements made it necessary for Social Work to classify and measure activity with each patient to ensure continuing resource allocation to social work services in hospitals. A national Casemix Network was formed under the auspice of the Australian Association of Social Workers to develop a classification system. The Network worked collaboratively with other allied health professions to produce a generic framework for professional activities and also developed a classification of social work interventions. These activity classifications have been incorporated into procedure coding in Australian hospitals. The challenges associated with casemix funding required Social Work to address a number of philosophical and methodological issues related to classification of professional activities to ensure an outcome that recognised the unique contribution of Social Work to health care.