RESUMEN
There is evidence that the Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Device (CCLAD) decreases the pain of oral injections. The purpose of this study was to evaluate injection pain of the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using the CCLAD in an upright position versus a supine position. Additionally, we evaluated solution deposition pain with the CCLAD when compared to previous studies using a traditional syringe. One hundred ten asymptomatic subjects were randomly given IANBs using 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine while in an upright sitting position and supine position, at 2 different appointments, spaced at least 2 weeks apart. Each subject rated the pain for needle insertion, needle placement, and solution deposition on a Heft-Parker visual analogue scale. Pain ratings were compared between the upright and supine positions using a repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc testing using the Tukey-Kramer procedure. Moderate to severe pain was reported by 10% to 13% of the patients for needle insertion, 74% to 75% for full needle placement, and 8% to 10% for solution deposition. There was no significant difference between groups for phases of the injection. When comparing the injection phases within the groups, the needle placement phase of the injection was statistically more painful than both the needle insertion phase and solution deposition phase ( p = .0001). Using the CCLAD, IANB injection pain of the supine and upright positions was not statistically different. Needle placement was the most painful phase of the injection. Solution deposition pain was less with the CCLAD when compared to other studies of the IANB using a traditional syringe.
Asunto(s)
Anestésicos Locales/administración & dosificación , Lidocaína/administración & dosificación , Nervio Mandibular , Bloqueo Nervioso/instrumentación , Dolor/prevención & control , Terapia Asistida por Computador/instrumentación , Adulto , Estudios Cruzados , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Humanos , Inyecciones/efectos adversos , Masculino , Bloqueo Nervioso/efectos adversos , Ohio , Dolor/diagnóstico , Dolor/etiología , Dimensión del Dolor , Posicionamiento del Paciente/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos , Sedestación , Posición Supina , Terapia Asistida por Computador/clasificación , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is classifying the computerized behavioral therapy device for psychiatric disorders into class II (special controls). The special controls that apply to the device type are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the computerized behavioral therapy device for psychiatric disorders' classification. We are taking this action because we have determined that classifying the device into class II (special controls) will provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. We believe this action will also enhance patients' access to beneficial innovative devices, in part by reducing regulatory burdens.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Conductista/clasificación , Terapia Conductista/instrumentación , Seguridad de Equipos/clasificación , Programas Informáticos/clasificación , Terapia Asistida por Computador/clasificación , Terapia Asistida por Computador/instrumentación , Humanos , Trastornos Mentales/terapiaRESUMEN
Medical guidelines highly recommend physical activity and aerobic exercise in the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease. The use of exercise-promoting application software may improve clinical outcomes for cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. The study aimed to compare and analyze the functions of the top 10 exercise Android Apps which had more than 1,000,000 downloads from the main four Android App stores in mainland China. The results showed that most of these popular apps had pedometer, exercise plan preset, user data presentation, user encouragement and community sharing functions while a few of them had exercise video clips or animation support and wearable devices. Given these data, the conclusion is that these popular apps fulfill some of the functions recommended by medical guidelines, however, lack of some functions such as pre-exercise risk assessment, the exercise intensity recording, specific instructions by professionals, and monitoring functions for CVD patients.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Ejercicio/clasificación , Aplicaciones Móviles/clasificación , Monitoreo Ambulatorio/clasificación , Autocuidado/clasificación , Telemedicina/clasificación , Terapia Asistida por Computador/clasificación , China , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Terapia por Ejercicio/estadística & datos numéricos , Aplicaciones Móviles/estadística & datos numéricos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio/métodos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio/estadística & datos numéricos , Lenguajes de Programación , Autocuidado/métodos , Autocuidado/estadística & datos numéricos , Evaluación de la Tecnología Biomédica , Telemedicina/métodos , Telemedicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Terapia Asistida por Computador/métodos , Terapia Asistida por Computador/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The field of Internet-supported therapeutic interventions has suffered from a lack of clarity and consistency. The absence of professional leadership and of accepted governing approaches, terminology, professional standards, and methodologies has caused this field to be diffused and unstructured. Numerous terms have been used to label and describe the activities conducted over the Internet for mental and physical health purposes: web-based therapy, e-therapy, cybertherapy, eHealth, e-Interventions, computer-mediated interventions, and online therapy (or counseling), among others. METHODS: Following a comprehensive review, we conceptualized Internet-supported interventions, using four categories based on prime practice approaches: web-based interventions, online counseling and therapy, Internet-operated therapeutic software, and other online activities (e.g., as supplements to face-to-face therapy). We provide a working definition and detailed description of each category, accompanied by numerous examples. CONCLUSIONS: These categories may now serve as guiding definitions and related terminologies for further research and development in this emerging field.