Prevalencia de patología urogenital en la consulta ambulatoria de varones adolescentes. Estudio descriptivo transversal / Prevalence of urogenital disease in male adolescent outpatient visits. A descriptive, cross-sectional study

Introducción. El examen genital en varones es una evaluación clínica simple y rápida para detectar patología urogenital. Los datos sobre prevalencia de patología urogenital en varones adolescentes son limitados. Nuestro objetivo fue describir la prevalencia de patología urogenital en varones adolescentes. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal en el Servicio de Adolescencia de un hospital público de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Se evaluaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas (HC) de varones de 9 a 20 años atendidos entre 2008 y 2018; se incluyeron las que tenían examen genital. Se recabaron datos de edad, estadio puberal, orquidometría, patología urogenital antes de la adolescencia y al momento de la consulta. La prevalencia se expresó en porcentaje e intervalo de confianza del 95 % (IC95%). Se estimó necesario incluir 1167 HC como muestra poblacional. Resultados. Se evaluaron 2129 HC; se incluyeron 1429. En 686 casos no se hizo el examen genital. La población tuvo una mediana de edad de 12 años (rango intercuartílico 11-14 años). En 72 varones (5,7 %; IC95% 4,5-7,2), se halló una enfermedad genitourinaria antes de la adolescencia. Se detectó al menos una patología urogenital en 272 adolescentes (14,8 %; IC95% 13,1-16,7); las más frecuentes fueron adherencia balanoprepucial 5,3 % (IC95% 4,2-6,6), varicocele 2,7 % (IC95% 2-3,7) y fimosis 1,8 % (IC95% 1,2-2,6). Conclusiones. El examen genital permitió detectar que el 14,8 % de los varones adolescentes atendidos presentó alguna patología urogenital. Las entidades más frecuentes fueron adherencia balanoprepucial, varicocele y fimosis.

Introduction. The male genital exam is a simple and quick assessment to look for urogenital disease. Data on the prevalence of urogenital disease in male adolescents are limited. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of urogenital disease in male adolescents. Population and methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Adolescenceof a public hospital in the City of Buenos Aires. The medical records of male patients aged 9 to 20 years seen between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed; all those with a genital exam were included. Data on age, pubertal stage, orchidometry, and urogenital disease before adolescence and at the time of consultation were recorded. The prevalence was described as percentage and 95% confidence interval (CI).As per estimations, 1167 medical records had to be included to establish the population sample. Results. A total of 2129 medical records were assessed and 1429 were included. No genital exam had been conducted in 686 cases. The median age of the population was 12 years (interquartile range: 11­14 years). Urogenital disease before adolescence was detected in 72 boys (5.7%; 95% CI: 4.5­7.2). Urogenital disease was found in 272 adolescents (14.8%; 95% CI: 13.1­16.7); the most common conditions were balanopreputial adhesions in 5.3% (95% CI: 4.2­6.6), varicocele in 2.7% (95% CI: 2­3.7), and phimosis in 1.8% (95% CI: 1.2­2.6). Conclusions. A genital exam allowed to detect that 14.8% of adolescent boys had a urogenital diseaseThe most common conditions were balanopreputial adhesions, varicocele, and phimosis.

Prevalence of urogenital disease in male adolescent outpatient visits. A descriptive, cross-sectional study. / Prevalencia de patología urogenital en la consulta ambulatoria de varones adolescentes. Estudio descriptivo transversal.

Introduction. The male genital exam is a simple and quick assessment to look for urogenital disease. Data on the prevalence of urogenital disease in male adolescents are limited. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of urogenital disease in male adolescents. Population and methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Adolescence of a public hospital in the City of Buenos Aires. The medical records of male patients aged 9 to 20 years seen between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed; all those with a genital exam were included. Data on age, pubertal stage, orchidometry, and urogenital disease before adolescence and at the time of consultation were recorded. The prevalence was described as percentage and 95% confidence interval (CI). As per estimations, 1167 medical records had to be included to establish the population sample. Results. A total of 2129 medical records were assessed and 1429 were included. No genital exam had been conducted in 686 cases. The median age of the population was 12 years (interquartile range: 11-14 years). Urogenital disease before adolescence was detected in 72 boys (5.7%; 95% CI: 4.5- 7.2). Urogenital disease was found in 272 adolescents (14.8%; 95% CI: 13.1-16.7); the most common conditions were balanopreputial adhesions in 5.3% (95% CI: 4.2-6.6), varicocele in 2.7% (95% CI: 2-3.7), and phimosis in 1.8% (95% CI: 1.2-2.6). Conclusions. A genital exam allowed to detect that 14.8% of adolescent boys had a urogenital disease. The most common conditions were balanopreputial adhesions, varicocele, and phimosis.

Introducción. El examen genital en varones es una evaluación clínica simple y rápida para detectar patología urogenital. Los datos sobre prevalencia de patología urogenital en varones adolescentes son limitados. Nuestro objetivo fue describir la prevalencia de patología urogenital en varones adolescentes. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal en el Servicio de Adolescencia de un hospital público de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Se evaluaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas (HC) de varones de 9 a 20 años atendidos entre 2008 y 2018; se incluyeron las que tenían examen genital. Se recabaron datos de edad, estadio puberal, orquidometría, patología urogenital antes de la adolescencia y al momento de la consulta. La prevalencia se expresó en porcentaje e intervalo de confianza del 95 % (IC95%). Se estimó necesario incluir 1167 HC como muestra poblacional. Resultados. Se evaluaron 2129 HC; se incluyeron 1429. En 686 casos no se hizo el examen genital. La población tuvo una mediana de edad de 12 años (rango intercuartílico 11-14 años). En 72 varones (5,7 %; IC95% 4,5-7,2), se halló una enfermedad genitourinaria antes de la adolescencia. Se detectó al menos una patología urogenital en 272 adolescentes (14,8 %; IC95% 13,1-16,7); las más frecuentes fueron adherencia balanoprepucial 5,3 % (IC95% 4,2-6,6), varicocele 2,7 % (IC95% 2-3,7) y fimosis 1,8 % (IC95% 1,2-2,6). Conclusiones. El examen genital permitió detectar que el 14,8 % de los varones adolescentes atendidos presentó alguna patología urogenital. Las entidades más frecuentes fueron adherencia balanoprepucial, varicocele y fimosis.

Varicocele at High Altitude; Venous Outflow Restriction by Hypobaric Hypoxia.

BACKGROUND: Testicular aches have been reported to occur on exposure to high altitude (HA). As a painful expression of venous congestion at the pampiniform plexus, varicocele (VC) might be a consequence of cardiovascular adjustments at HA. Chile's National Social Security Regulatory Body (SUSESO) emphasized evaluating this condition in the running follow-up study "Health effects of exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia in Chilean mining workers." OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of VC in a population usually shifting between sea level and HA, thereby intermittently being exposed to hypobaric hypoxia. METHODOLOGY: Miners (n=492) agreed to be examined at their working place by a physician, in the context of a general health survey, for the presence of palpable VC, either visible or not. Among them was a group exposed to low altitude (LA) <2,400 m; n=123; another one exposed to moderate high altitude (MHA) working 3,050 m; n=70, and a third one exposed to very high altitude (VHA) >3,900 m, n=165. The Chi2 test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for the descriptive analyses, and logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association of VC with exposure to HA. The Ethics Committee for Research in Human Beings, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, approved this project. RESULTS: VC prevalence (grades 2 and 3) was found to be 10% at LA, 4.1% at MHA, and 16.7% at VHA (p≤0.05). Hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) was lower, and hemoglobin concentrations were higher in workers with high-grade VC at VHA compared to LA and MHA (Wilcoxon tests, p<0.001). Odds ratios (OR) for the association of VC with HA were 3.7 (95%CI: 1.26 to 12.3) and 4.06 (95%CI: 1.73 to 11.2) for MHA and VHA, respectively. CONCLUSION: Association of VC with HA, a clinically relevant finding, may be related to blood volume centralization mediated by hypobaric hypoxia.

Prospective evaluation of the association between varicocele and benign prostatic hyperplasia in men over 40 years of age.

We investigated the association between varicocele and benign prostatic hyperplasia in men over the age of 40 years. A total of 296 outpatients were evaluated. Prostate volume was measured with transrectal ultrasound. Varicocele was diagnosed by physical examination and ultrasound. Prostatic hyperplasia was defined as prostate volume greater than or equal to 40 ml. Two groups were compared: patients with prostate volume less than 40 ml and patients with prostate volume greater than or equal to 40 ml. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mean age, post-void residual, International Prostate Symptom Score and PSA. The percentage of patients with clinical varicocele in the group with a volume less than 40 ml and the group with a volume equal to or greater than 40 ml was 38.2% and 47.7% respectively (p = .12). There were no differences between the two groups in the percentage of patients with clinical or subclinical varicocele (43.2% vs. 52.2%, respectively, p = .12). No differences were found in the percentage of patients with varicocele when comparing men with prostates smaller than 40 ml and greater than or equal to 40 ml.

The association between body mass index and varicocele: A meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: Recently, several studies have found that obesity had a protective effect against varicocele, but no meta-analysis has confirmed this finding. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and varicocele. Material and Methods: We searched for studies in PubMed, Science Direct and the Cochrane Library from inception until February 2018. The association between BMI and varicocele was assessed by pooling the odds ratios (ORs). Results: Eleven eligible studies with a total study population of 1.376.658 participants were included in our analysis. According to BMI, the subjects were defined as belonging to the obese, overweight and underweight groups. Our results showed that the obese group had a lower risk of varicocele when compared with the normal weight group (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 0.37-0.58). Additionally, an overweight BMI had a protective effect against varicocele (OR 0.70, 95% CIs, 0.56-0.86). However, underweight patients had a more than 30% higher risk of varicocele (OR 1.31, 95% CI, 1.04-1.64). Furthermore, there was no publication bias in any of the analyses. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that BMI is negatively associated with the presence of varicocele.

The association between body mass index and varicocele: A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Recently, several studies have found that obesity had a protective effect against varicocele, but no meta-analysis has confirmed this finding. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and varicocele. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We searched for studies in PubMed, Science Direct and the Cochrane Library from inception until February 2018. The association between BMI and varicocele was assessed by pooling the odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS: Eleven eligible studies with a total study population of 1.376.658 participants were included in our analysis. According to BMI, the subjects were defined as belonging to the obese, overweight and underweight groups. Our results showed that the obese group had a lower risk of varicocele when compared with the normal weight group (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 0.37-0.58). Additionally, an overweight BMI had a protective effect against varicocele (OR 0.70, 95% CIs, 0.56-0.86). However, underweight patients had a more than 30% higher risk of varicocele (OR 1.31, 95% CI, 1.04-1.64). Furthermore, there was no publication bias in any of the analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that BMI is negatively associated with the presence of varicocele.

Varicocele in paediatric age: Is the scientific community on the correct pathway?

Varicocele is the primary cause of male infertility and the interests of research about varicocele have changed in the last years. The aim of the study was to analyse how topics of interests about varicocele have changed in the last two decades. Literature about paediatric varicocele between 2000 and 2018 was reviewed, and the subjects of the articles were analysed, selecting the main and secondary topics of each article. A study of their prevalence over the years was performed. In the research, 625 articles were found but only 169 provided data in the paediatric age. The total percentage of exclusively paediatric works was 27.04%, being above average in Europe, North and South America. The main subject both for Europe and North America was surgical technique, while for Asia it was videolaparoscopy. The main issue in South America was fertility; Africa and Oceania do not have enough publications to make statistics. Paediatric articles account for less than one-third of overall articles. The first interest of research is surgical technique. In Europe, the topics seem to exclude fertility potential.

Varicocele among healthy young men in Turkey; prevalence and relationship with body mass index.

AIM: Varicocele is characterized by abnormal tortuosity and dilatation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus within the spermatic cord and is one of the causes related to male infertility. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between varicocele and somatometric parameters. We also aimed to determine prevalence and treatment ratio of this disorder among healthy young Turkish men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 2061 young men aged from 19 to 34 years was enrolled and cross sectionally evaluated for status of varicocele. Body mass index was calculated. Patients were categorized as normal weight, overweight and obese using by National Institutes of Health criteria. Patients underwent physical examinations for the presence and grade of varicocele. If the varicocele was found and previously submitted to different treatment modalities, the age of treatment and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Varicocele was present in 498 men (24.2%). The mean age of the participants was 22.7 ± 1.8 years, and the median BMI was 22.8 ± 2.0 kg/m². There were no significant differences in age, height, weight and BMI among the patients with different grades of varicocele (p > 0.05). Although no significant difference was found in varicocele prevalence between normal weight and over-weight participants (p > 0.05), obese participants had significantly lower varicocele prevalence compared with normal or over weight participants (p = 0.006). A total of 49 men had scrotal pain and the treatment ratio was only 2.8%. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of varicocele was found in about 24% of healthy young Turkish population. Participants with varicocele had significantly lower BMI values compared with those without varicocele. Our findings supported the hypothesis that individuals with a greater BMI may have advantages in relieving the varicocele, but further studies are required to clarify this issue. Additionally treatment ratio was low among young men with varicocele.

Varicocele among healthy young men in Turkey; prevalence and relationship with body mass index

AIM: Varicocele is characterized by abnormal tortuosity and dilatation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus within the spermatic cord and is one of the causes related to male infertility. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between varicocele and somatometric parameters. We also aimed to determine prevalence and treatment ratio of this disorder among healthy young Turkish men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 2061 young men aged from 19 to 34 years was enrolled and cross sectionally evaluated for status of varicocele. Body mass index was calculated. Patients were categorized as normal weight, overweight and obese using by National Institutes of Health criteria. Patients underwent physical examinations for the presence and grade of varicocele. If the varicocele was found and previously submitted to different treatment modalities, the age of treatment and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Varicocele was present in 498 men (24.2%). The mean age of the participants was 22.7 ± 1.8 years, and the median BMI was 22.8 ± 2.0 kg/m². There were no significant differences in age, height, weight and BMI among the patients with different grades of varicocele (p > 0.05). Although no significant difference was found in varicocele prevalence between normal weight and over-weight participants (p > 0.05), obese participants had significantly lower varicocele prevalence compared with normal or over weight participants (p = 0.006). A total of 49 men had scrotal pain and the treatment ratio was only 2.8%. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of varicocele was found in about 24% of healthy young Turkish population. Participants with varicocele had significantly lower BMI values compared with those without varicocele. Our findings supported the hypothesis that individuals with a greater BMI may have advantages in relieving the varicocele, but further studies are required to clarify this issue. Additionally treatment ratio was low among young men with varicocele.

Varicocelectomía con analgesia acupuntural: servicios de Urología en hospitales provinciales clínico-quirúrugicos / Varicocelectomy with acupunctural analgesic: services of Urology at “Leon Cuervo Rubio” and “Abel Santamaria” Provincial Teaching Hospitals, Pinar del Rio 2002-2005

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y aleatorio simple en 150 pacientes del sexo masculino, entre los 15 y 30 años de edad, con el diagnóstico de varicocele, intervenidos quirúrgicamente por el servicio de Urología de la provincia de Pinar del Río (Hospital Universitario Abel Santamaría Cuadrado y el Clínico Quirúrgico Docente León Cuervo Rubio) durante el período comprendido de enero de 2002 a diciembre de 2005. El método estadístico aplicado fue el test de Chi Cuadrado. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación arrojaron, que entre las complicaciones transoperatorias encontradas están la hipertensión arterial, la bradicardia y las complicaciones postoperatorias (sepsis de la herida quirúrgica y orquiepididimitis aguda). La calidad de la analgesia transoperatoria y post-operatoria fue buena en su mayoría, aunque el tiempo quirúrgico resultó prolongado; los gastos hospitalarios son mínimos, todo esto demostró la eficacia del método y justifica su uso por parte de los anestesiólogos y urólogos al ser aplicada en la varicocelectomía, demostrándose una buena estabilidad hemodinámica, mínimas complicaciones y una buena analgesia preoperatorio, así como reducción considerable de los costos y estadía hospitalaria del paciente. Todo lo anterior justifica este estudio y el uso de forma regular de la acupuntura como método de analgesia quirúrgica...(AU)

A prospective, simple and at random study with 150 male patients between 15 and 30 years old suffering from varicocele who underwent surgeries was carried out in the service of urology in both Provincial Teaching Hospitals (Leon Cuervo Rubio and Abel Santamaria) during January 2002 and December 2005. Chi-squared was the statistical method applied. The results obtained in this research showed that among the complications during trans-operative period were hypertension, bradycardia and in the post-operative were sepsis in the surgical wound and orchiepididymitis. The quality of the trans-operative and post-operative analgesia was good in the majority of the cases; though surgical time was longer; the hospital costs were minimized, showing the efficacy of the method which justified its use by anesthesiologists and urologists in Varicocelectomy. A good hemodynamic stability, minimal complications and a good preoperative analgesia; as well as reduction in costs and hospital stay of the patients were observed. The advantages of acupuncture as a surgical-analgesic method give reasons to use it regularly...(AU)

Varicoceles in adolescents and young adults after surgery for hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.

INTRODUCTION: This case-control study aimed at evaluating testicular volume, pubertal and genital development, and incidence of varicoceles in adolescents and young adults after surgery for hepatosplenic schistosomiasis associated with bleeding oesophageal varices. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study involved 26 young males with schistosomiasis who were submitted to splenectomy, left gastric vein ligature, and auto-implantation of splenic tissue in the major omentum during childhood. The mean follow-up period was 4 years after surgery. The control group included 15 healthy volunteers from a school in the same region where the cases lived. They were randomly selected, matched by age and epidemiological characteristics, and had schistosomiasis ruled out. All participants underwent thorough clinical and ultrasound examinations. Special attention was paid to sexual characteristics, testicular ultrasonography, and Doppler flowmetry of spermatic veins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The patients with schistosomiasis had significant deficits in pubertal and genital development and in testicular volume, especially the left one, and a high incidence of varicoceles (61.5%) without a straight association with testicular atrophy.

Fibrose de Symmers associada a varicocele em jovens portadores de esquistossomose na forma hepatoesplênica cirúrgica / Symmers' fibrosis associated with varicocele in jouth with surgical hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni

Com o objetivo de avaliar a possível asscociação entre a prevalência de varicocele e os diferentes graus de fibrose de Symmers, avaliados por histomorfometria, 24 adolescentes e adultos jovens portadores de esquistossomose na forma hepatoesplênica associada a varizes sangrentas de esôfago, que tinham se submetido a esplenectomia , ligadura da veia gástrica esquerda e auto-implante de tecido esplênico em uma bolsa no omento maior, quando crianças, foram incluídos na presente investigação. O estudo também apresentou como objetivo avaliar a possível associação entre os graus de fibrose nesses pacientes e os respectivos volumes testiculares. A dopplerfluxometria foi utilizada para avaliação da presença de varicocele, assim como para determinação dos volumes testiculares. Os resultados evidenciaram uma tendeência à

Sintomas urinários e genitais em mulheres climatéricas / Urinary and genital symptoms in climaterial women

O estudo objetiva investigar a prevalência de distúrbios urinários e genitais em mulheres climatéricas. Entrevistaram-se 229 mulheres que foram submetids ao exame ginecológico no Ambulatório de Climatério do Centro de Atençäo Integral à Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, através de questionário detalhado, observando-se variáveis como idade, raça, estado marital, antecedentes tocoginecológicos, uso de anticoncepçäo hormonal, estado mesntrual, uso de terapia de reposiçäo hormonal, cirurgia prévia de incontinência urinária de repetiçäo, diabetes, tabagismo, tosse crônica, quimioterapia eou radioterapia prévia, distopias genitais, trofismo vaginal, muco cervical e teste de Schiller. A freqüência dos distúrbios urinários foi de 42, 8 por cento, sendo o sintoma mais encontrado a incontinência urinária pouco mais da metade das mulheres (54,1 por cento) apresentavam queixas genitais, sendo a secura vaginal a mais freqüente, seguida pela dispaurenia e prurido. Os fatores que se associaram à prevalência de queixas urinárias foram o número de gestaçöes, números de partos e presença de distopias genitais. Já a presença de parceiro, antecedente de diabetes, cirurgia anterior para incontinência urinária, infecçäo urinária de repetiçäo, menor trofismo gential e menor índice de massa corpórea associaram-se à prevalência genitais. Conclui-se que os fatores associados à prevalência de queixas urinárias e genitais säo distintos e que merecem, portanto, uma abordagem diferente dos pontos de vista propedêutico e terapêutico

Magnitud y características de la consulta externa atendida por médico generalista en centros sanitarios periféricos / Magnitud and characteristics of external care by general physicians in peripheric health centers

Se aborda la problemática de la relación entre médicos generalistas y especialistas y su disociación con las frecuencias de las patologías susceptibles de ser resueltas en el primer nivel de atención (80 a 93,5 por ciento). El objetivo formulado para esta primera etapa del estudio consiste en establecer la magnitud y las características de la consulta atendida por médico generalista a nivel de centros de salud situados en la periferia de la ciudad de La Plata (Argentina). El volumen más importante de consultas se ubicó dentro de las causadas por morbilidad. La demanda predominante responde a patologías propias de las condiciones de vida, con amplio predominio de infecciones respiratorias, seguidas por las gastrointestinales. Por otro lado, los controles se hallan predominantemente referidos al binomio materno-infantil, observándose una reducida carga de exámenes de salud propios del adulto. La concentración de consultas resulta sumamente reducida como consecuencia del modelo prestacional vigente, el que carece de capacidad de retención. Los controles representan algo más del 20 por ciento de la demanda, con una concentración un poco más alta. El predominio de la demanda femenina es notorio, pero deben ser contempladas las causas obstétricas a fin de establecer el alcance genuino de esta preponderancia

Incidencia de infertilidad por varicocele / Infertility incidence by varicocele

De todos aquellos pacientes del HOspital Francisco E. Moscoso Puello que padecieron varicocele entre julio y diciembre de 1989, un total 8 pacientes, se les hizo un estudio prospectivo, transversal y analitico, colectandole muestras de semen pre-posquirurgico, con un periodo de abstinencia sexual de 3 a 7 dias. Fue de vital importancia el post-espermatograma realizado a los 74 dias. El proposito de la investigacion fue relacionar el varicocele y la infertilidad. El varicocele se presento mayormente entre las edades 26-30 años y 36-40 años, con igual frecuencia. Con respecto al tamaño, el de mayor porcentaje fue el de segundo grado. Se concluyo que la incidencia de infertilidad por varicocele en relacion con la aparicion de las patologias concomitantes (epididimitis, tumor, atrofia testiculas) fue de un 12.5 por ciento , reduciendose al 0 por ciento despues de la varicocelectomia. Por tatnto, dicha enfermedad no es un inconveniente para la procreacion

Pesquisaje de afecciones urogenitales entre los niños de los circulos infantiles de la ciudad de Matanzas / Screening of children with urogenital affections from the day-care centers of the Matanzas

Se hace una revisión en los circulos infantiles de la ciudad de Matanzas, durante el período de un año y medio, comprendido entre diciembre de 1973 a mayo de 1975, para determinar la cifra de niños que presentaban afecciones urogenitales. Se vieron un total de 1 449 niños pertenecientes a los sexos masculino y femenino; la edad fluctuó entre los 0 y 5 años, y se encontraron 482 afecciones (33 porciento). La mayor incidencia de afecciones ocurrió en los grupos de edades comprendidas en: 4 a 5 años (prescolar)..........175 niños (36 porciento) y de 2,5 a 4 años (párvulos).........164 niños (34 porciento)(AU)