Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Azitromicina/uso terapéutico , Tos/microbiología , Neumotórax/etiología , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/microbiología , Tos Ferina/complicaciones , Bordetella pertussis/aislamiento & purificación , Drenaje/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Neumotórax/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumotórax/fisiopatología , Radiografía Torácica , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/fisiopatología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Tos Ferina/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Recent whooping cough (pertussis) outbreaks in many countries highlight the crucial need for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of Bordetella pertussis infection of the respiratory tract. The baboon is a recently described preclinical model for the study of B. pertussis infection and may be ideal for the evaluation of new pertussis vaccines. However, many pathophysiological aspects, including bacterial localization and interactions, have yet to be described in this model. Here, we used a baboon model of infection with a fluorescent GFP-expressing B. pertussis strain, derived from European clinical isolate B1917. Juvenile baboons were used to evaluate susceptibility to infection and transmission. Non-invasive in vivo imaging procedures, using probe-based confocal endomicroscopy coupled with bronchoscopy, were developed to track fluorescent bacterial localization and cellular interactions with host cells in the lower respiratory tract of infected animals. All B1917-GFP-challenged animals developed classical pertussis symptoms, including paroxysmal cough, nasopharyngeal colonization, and leukocytosis. In vivo co-localization with antigen presenting cells and progressive bacterial colonization of the lower airways were also assessed by imaging during the first weeks of infection. Our results demonstrate that in vivo imaging can be used to assess bacterial colonization and to point out interactions in a baboon model of pertussis.
Asunto(s)
Bordetella pertussis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Pulmón/microbiología , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Tos Ferina/transmisión , Animales , Bordetella pertussis/genética , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Proteínas Fluorescentes Verdes/genética , Papio , Vacuna contra la Tos Ferina/administración & dosificación , Tos Ferina/microbiología , Tos Ferina/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Bordetella pertussis isolation by culture has low detection sensitivity for diagnosing pertussis; the diagnosis is confirmed by measuring serum anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT) or anti-filamentous hemagglutinin antibody titers, and by genetic testing (polymerase chain reaction/loop-mediated isothermal amplification). Isolation of B. pertussis in adults is difficult, resulting in a delayed diagnosis, as a delayed cough may present ≥3 months after onset. Differentiation from bronchial asthma is also important. We encountered an adult patient in whom B. pertussis was isolated by culture who previously received rituximab for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and steroids for prolonged cough. No elevation of anti-PT antibody titers was observed in the patient.
Asunto(s)
Bordetella pertussis/aislamiento & purificación , Esputo/microbiología , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Asma/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tos Ferina/tratamiento farmacológicoAsunto(s)
Bordetella pertussis/aislamiento & purificación , Calcinosis/microbiología , Tos Ferina/microbiología , Calcinosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Calcinosis/terapia , Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Radiografía , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Tos Ferina/terapiaAsunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/complicaciones , Empiema Pleural/etiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicaciones , Infecciones Oportunistas/etiología , Tos Ferina/complicaciones , Anemia/etiología , Bordetella pertussis/aislamiento & purificación , Empiema Pleural/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones Oportunistas/diagnóstico por imagen , Infecciones Oportunistas/microbiología , Derrame Pleural/etiología , Derrame Pleural/microbiología , Radiografía , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Tos Ferina/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Severe B. pertussis infection in infants is characterized by severe respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, leukocytosis, and death. This retrospective case analysis highlights the course and outcome of severe B. pertussis infection treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) at a single center. Over the last decade, out of a total caseload of nearly 800 infants and children, 12 infants with severe B. pertussis have been referred for ECMO therapy to our center. All infants with pertussis infection who received ECMO therapy were less than 3 months of age at presentation and unvaccinated. There was a high mortality rate (7 of 12 infants died), which was associated with an elevated neutrophil count at presentation and multiorgan dysfunction characterized by intractable pulmonary hypertension, persistent systemic hypotension, renal insufficiency, and fits. ECMO should be offered to children with pertussis infection and respiratory failure refractory to mechanical ventilation. However, further research is required to determine the optimal management for infants receiving ECMO therapy with this disease.
Asunto(s)
Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea , Tos Ferina/terapia , Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea/métodos , Hemofiltración , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/complicaciones , Lactante , Pulmón/patología , Necrosis , Radiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tos Ferina/complicaciones , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Tos Ferina/patología , Tos Ferina/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The chest radiographs of 238 patients admitted to hospital with acute whooping cough are reviewed. Radiographic abnormalities were detected in 63 (26%) patients; pulmonary consolidation was seen in 50 (21%) patients, collapse in nine (4%) and lymphadenopathy in 22 (9%). The most common type of consolidation was peribronchial (72%). Both collapse and consolidation were commoner on the right and tended to involve the lower and middle lobes. These abnormalities were more common in those aged 1 year old or more (p less than 0.001) but no other clinical feature was found to predict those patients with an abnormal chest radiograph. Follow-up radiographs demonstrated no significant radiographic sequelae. Comparison with previous series shows a reduced frequency and change in the pattern of radiological abnormalities over the last 20 years.
Asunto(s)
Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Lactante , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , Radiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tos Ferina/patologíaRESUMEN
X-ray findings in chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children are presented on the basis of observations made during the last 20 years. Six groups of diseases can be differentiated according to signs and clinical course: Pneumonias with delayed healing, chronic relapsing infiltrations, mucoviscidosis, chronic pleuropneumonia with abscess formation, chronic interstitial processes and chronic infiltrations with bronchiectasis. The typical phenomena and possibilities of differential diagnosis are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Bronquiales/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Bronquios/anomalías , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagen , Bronquiolitis Viral/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Preescolar , Enfermedad Crónica , Fibrosis Quística/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Hemosiderosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Histiocitosis de Células de Langerhans/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Sarampión/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumonía/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumonía por Aspiración/diagnóstico por imagen , Atelectasia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía , Síndrome , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagenAsunto(s)
Trastornos Respiratorios/diagnóstico por imagen , Ruidos Respiratorios/diagnóstico , Asma/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Neumonía/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumonía por Pneumocystis/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagenAsunto(s)
Neumonía , Amebiasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Ascariasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Infecciones Bacterianas/diagnóstico por imagen , Filariasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Helmintiasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Infecciones por Uncinaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Sarampión/diagnóstico por imagen , Melioidosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Paragonimiasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Peste/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumonía/diagnóstico por imagen , Neumonía/microbiología , Neumonía/parasitología , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico por imagen , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía , Esquistosomiasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Estrongiloidiasis/diagnóstico por imagen , Toxoplasmosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Medicina Tropical , Tos Ferina/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
A review of the diagnostic methods of pertussis (clinical, radiological, laboratoryy: 42 case reports in a period of 2 1/2 years, being all hospitalized children with pertussis, aged from 23 days to 7 years. A review of the treatment with hyperimmune globulin, antibiotics, symptomatic treatment, and the results obtained, is presented.