ABSTRACT
This study aimed to assess the exposure of Brazilian residents (Nâ¯=â¯86) from rural areas to multiple mycotoxins and characterize the associated risk in two sampling periods (SP) (April-May and December/2016). Mycotoxins in food and urine samples were determined by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Mean probable daily intake (PDI) values based on occurrence data in foods in both SP varied from 0.007 to 0.013, 0.069 to 1.002, 0.119 to 0.321 and 0.013-0.156⯵gâ¯kg-1 body weight (bw) day-1 for aflatoxins (AFs), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FBs) and zearalenone (ZEN), respectively. Mean PDI values based on urinary biomarkers were 0.001, 84.914, 0.031, 0.377 and 0.002⯵gâ¯kg-1 bw day-1 for AFB1, DON, ochratoxin A (OTA), FB1 and ZEN, respectively. Hazard quotient (HQ) calculated using food data revealed a potential health concern for ZEN in 2nd SP. HQâ¯>â¯1 based on urinary biomarkers were observed for DON in the two SP. Although OTA was not detected in any food sample, the HQ based on urinary OTA levels was >1 in the 1st SP. Margin of exposure values for AF from food and urine data in the 1st SP were below 10,000, indicating potential health risks.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers/analysis , Biomarkers/urine , Dietary Exposure , Mycotoxins/toxicity , Adult , Brazil , Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Diet Records , Female , Food Contamination/analysis , Humans , Limit of Detection , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment , Rural Health , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methodsABSTRACT
A escolha de materiais biocompatíveis sintéticos sofreu grande evolução. Os tecidos encontrados hoje no mercado são extremamente atraentes porque reduzem tanto o tempo de operação quanto o desconforto do paciente. Não há incisão adicional, e o tempo de internação hospitalar também é reduzido. Os resultados de operações mostram-se muito promissores utilizando-se estes materiais. São comparáveis aos resultados de cirurgias clássicas em seguimento de curto e longo prazo
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Fascia Lata , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/therapy , Polypropylenes , Polytetrafluoroethylene , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Prostheses and Implants , Surgical Mesh , VaginaABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar a importância da ligadura da artéria hipogástrica no tratamento das hemorragias ginecológicas incontroláveis. Os autores fazem uma revisão da base anatômica, fisiopatológica e técnica do método. Além disso, são explicadas as situações nas quais este procedimento deve ser realizado