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1.
Scand J Rheumatol ; 42(1): 45-7, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22991974

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To explore the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 allele frequency in Dupuytren's disease (DD). METHOD: HLA-DRB1 genotypes were analysed by sequence-specific primers (SSPs) in samples collected from 172 men participating in a nested case-control study on the clinical manifestations and progression of DD. Of those, 121 had signs of DD while 51 did not. Of the 121 men with DD, 49 had contracted fingers or had been operated on, while 72 had nodules or fibrous cords in the palms. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were used to evaluate the results. RESULTS: The HLA-DRB1*01 allele was observed in 26 of the 121 affected men (23.7%) but in only four of the controls (7.8%) (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.06-9.75). The HLA-DRB1*01 allele frequency in those affected was 11%, while in the control group it was 4% (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.05-9.03). CONCLUSIONS: This observation indicates a possible association of HLA-DRB1*01 with DD, but further studies are needed for confirmation.


Subject(s)
Dupuytren Contracture/epidemiology , Dupuytren Contracture/genetics , HLA-DRB1 Chains/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Genotype , Health Surveys , Humans , Iceland/epidemiology , Male , Sex Distribution , White People/genetics
2.
J Rheumatol ; 27(11): 2590-6, 2000 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11093438

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study MHC haplotypes and C4AQ0 in Caucasian multicase systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) families from Iceland. METHODS: Eight families with 26 SLE patients, 98 non-SLE first-degree relatives, and a control group were studied. For statistical analysis one SLE patient and one first-degree relative were randomly chosen from each family. C4 allotyping was performed by protein electrophoresis, HLA typing of class I by the lymphocytotoxicity test, and typing of class II alleles with polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers. RESULTS: Six of the 8 families showed a high background of C4A protein deficiency (C4AQ0) and a significant increase was seen in C4AQ0 in the randomly chosen group of patients. A similar tendency that was statistically nonsignificant was seen in first-degree relatives. In the SLE patients C4AQ0 was found on several MHC haplotypes. Half the patients with C4A protein deficiency carry C4AQ0 on the classical C4A deletion haplotype B8-C4AQ0-C4B1-DR3 or variants of it, and the remaining C4A deficient patients on other non-DR3 carrying haplotypes. The transmission of C4AQ0 from parents to patients was in most cases through the family line, although in some instances it originates from outside the multicase SLE family through spouses married into the family. CONCLUSION: In these Caucasian multicase SLE families from Iceland, C4AQ0 shows weaker linkage disequilibrium with DR3 than reported in studies on other white populations, emphasizing the role of ethnicity. The common factor in the MHC haplotypes studied is C4AQ0, supporting a hypothesis that C4AQ0 may be an independent risk factor for SLE.


Subject(s)
Complement C4a/genetics , Haplotypes , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics , Major Histocompatibility Complex/genetics , Complement C4a/deficiency , Female , HLA-B8 Antigen/genetics , HLA-DR3 Antigen/genetics , Humans , Iceland , Male , Pedigree
3.
Laeknabladid ; 86(10): 661-5, 2000.
Article in Icelandic | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17018956

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Approximately 5% of cancer patients are diagnosed with tumour of unknown origin (3-4% in Iceland). Of those 10-30% have liver metastases. Liver metastases of unknown origin is thus not an uncommon problem. In the present study information about the origin and histology of liver metastases of unknown origin was compiled. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records of all biopsies from liver metastases performed in the years 1987-1996 were retrieved from the medical database of the Department of Pathology at the University of Iceland. The biopsies came from a group of 176 patients. Ninety-two cases, in which the origin of the primary tumour was suspected or known, were excluded from the study, leaving 84 cases where the primary was completely unknown. The database of the Icelandic Cancer Society was used to gather data about the final tissue diagnosis and the location of the primary tumour when known. RESULTS: The Cancer Society data revealed the location of the primary tumour in 55 of the 84 cases of liver metastases of unknown origin. The most prevalent (75%) primary tumours were cancers of the pancreas (15), lung (13) and colon/rectum (12). The tissue diagnosis was adenocarcinoma in 33 of the 55 cases. In the male patients 83% of the adenocarcinoma metastases came from the colon/rectum or pancreas. The corresponding figure for the female patients was 67%, while 20% of the tumours in females originated in the gallbladder and biliary tree. CONCLUSIONS: In two thirds of the cases of liver metastases of unknown origin the primary tumour was later discovered. The most prevalent tumours were cancers in the pancreas, lung and colon/rectum. Adenocarcinoma was the tissue diagnosis in 60% of cases.

4.
J Med Genet ; 36(2): 103-7, 1999 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10051006

ABSTRACT

Information in the Icelandic Cancer Registry on breast cancer and its collection of breast cancer families has been used to elucidate changes in breast cancer incidence by time period and by age, and the effect of degree of relationship and age on the familial risk of breast cancer. Since 1921 the incidence rates have increased, but the increase is significantly greater (2.06% per year) for ages over 44 years than for ages 20-44 (1.20% per year). It has been shown before that when familial risk is computed, the age of the proband influences the risk for the relatives. However, this study shows that the age of the relative is also important and with increasing age the familial risk decreases.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Age Factors , Female , Humans , Iceland , Incidence , Pedigree , Risk Factors
5.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev ; 6(11): 863-73, 1997 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9367058

ABSTRACT

The records of a cohort of 11,580 females and 11,366 males participating in an Icelandic cardiovascular risk factor study were linked with the Icelandic Cancer Registry, identifying 1,785 males and 1,490 females who had been registered with neoplastic diseases from 1968 to 1995. The interval between the time of measurement of the variables and the diagnosis of the malignancy ranged from 4 to 27 years. The variables consisted of answers from a questionnaire on smoking and the use of hypertensive drugs and anthropometric and biochemical measurements. Cox's regression was applied to analyze the predictive power of the variables on the risk of cancer after the first examination at the Heart Preventive Clinic, Reykjavík. Univariate analyses, adjusted for age, were performed for each variable and each major site. Within each major site, multivariate regression analysis was applied for variables that were found significantly (10% level in univariate analysis) positive or negative as risk factors. The results show that smoking is the most important risk factor, negative only for endometrium. For lung cancer, the risk is twice as strong for females as it is for males, whereas for pancreas, males have a relative risk ratio of 4.5, compared with 2.4 for females. Height is a risk factor for all sites for each sex, for breast in females, and for kidney in males. Several anthropometric risk factors were studied. Some of these can describe positive or negative relative risk ratios for cancer, and their use may shed light on cancer pathogenesis. Serum cholesterol is a negative risk factor for breast cancer in females, but triglycerides are a positive risk factor for cervix cancer in females and for colon or rectum and thyroid cancer in males. Serum glucose is a positive risk factor for prostate cancer and a negative risk factor for lymphomas and leukemias.


Subject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Anthropometry , Blood Glucose , Blood Pressure , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholesterol/blood , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Iceland/epidemiology , Likelihood Functions , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Regression Analysis , Risk Factors , Smoking , Triglycerides/blood
6.
J Med Genet ; 31(8): 618-21, 1994 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7815419

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the risk of cancer at all sites, and at individual sites other than breast, prostate, ovaries, and endometrium, is increased among relatives of breast cancer patients compared with the general population. DESIGN: A cohort of family members of breast cancer patients was established. The probands were chosen by year of birth or time of diagnosis. Any influence of knowledge of the cancer experience of the relatives has been avoided. The risk estimates are based on expected numbers computed from age and time specific incidence rates for the Icelandic population. SETTING: Iceland. SUBJECTS: The population of Iceland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative risks by degree of relatedness and age of proband. RESULTS: The relative risk of cancer at all sites is raised for males and females. This is more than expected based on the known familial risk of breast cancer, prostate, and ovarian cancer. The excess risk of breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer is confirmed, but not that of cancer of the endometrium. The risk of cancer of the pancreas in both sexes and the stomach and kidneys in females is significantly raised. No evidence was found for decreased risk for any cancer type. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of cancer at all sites in relatives of breast cancer patients is increased. In addition to the risk of breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer, the risk of pancreas cancer and cancer of the stomach and kidneys in females is raised, but the last mentioned observations need further confirmation.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms, Male/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms, Male/genetics , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Iceland/epidemiology , Kidney Neoplasms/epidemiology , Kidney Neoplasms/genetics , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/genetics , Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/epidemiology , Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/genetics , Ovarian Neoplasms/epidemiology , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , Pancreatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Risk , Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology , Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
7.
J Clin Pathol ; 36(11): 1253-5, 1983 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6355196

ABSTRACT

Untreated earlobe capillary blood samples from 5958 girls were screened for rubella antibodies by placing them directly onto haemolysis-in-gel (HIG) test plates. The method is in our experience quick, reliable and also acceptable to young girls. The method is convenient for testing for natural immunity before vaccination and in most but not all cases satisfactory as a test for seroconversion after vaccination. A comparison was made between naturally infected girls and a group of vaccinated girls. Vaccinated girls had lower values and most of the low or doubtful positives were in this group. Serum samples from 51 low positive girls were tested by the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and the serum HIG test and their results compared with their respective direct HIG values.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Mass Screening/methods , Rubella virus/immunology , Rubella/prevention & control , Adolescent , Child , Female , Hemolytic Plaque Technique , Humans , Iceland , Immunity, Innate , Rubella/congenital , Rubella/immunology , Vaccination
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