Agreement Between Viscoelastic Coagulation Monitor (VCM), TEG 5000, and Coagulation Tests in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Study.

The performance of viscoelastic coagulation monitor (VCM) compared with TEG 5000 (TEG) is unknown. In this multicenter study, the authors evaluated the agreement among VCM/TEG parameters and their relationship with standard coagulation tests in critically ill patients. Viscoelastic coagulation monitor, TEG, and laboratory samples were analyzed simultaneously. Viscoelastic coagulation monitor/TEG agreement was computed by Bland and Altman's plots, association with laboratory parameters was studied with Spearman's correlation coefficient and random-intercept linear models. One-hundred and twenty-seven patients enrolled, 320 paired observations: 210 (65.6%) under unfractioned heparin (UFH), 94 (29.4%) under low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), 16 (5.0%) no heparin. Under UFH prolonged clot formation times and reduced the amplitude of viscoelastic tracings on both devices, especially on TEG. The type of heparin affected the agreement between VCM/TEG homolog parameters. Reaction time (TEG-R) resulted 23.1 min longer than the homolog clotting time (VCM-CT) under UFH; maximum amplitude (TEG-MA) resulted 29.5 mm higher than maximum clot firmness (VCM-MCF) under LMWH. Weak correlation was observed between VCM-CT/TEG-R and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)/anti-Xa; no correlation was found between VCM-alpha/TEG-angle and fibrinogen concentration. Viscoelastic coagulation monitor-MCF showed strong (LWMH) to moderate (UFH) correlation with platelet count, while TEG-MA only showed lower correlation. Viscoelastic coagulation monitor and TEG are differently affected by heparin. The platelet count is well represented by VCM-MCF even during UFH administration.

ECMO for intractable status asthmaticus following atracurium.

Intraoperative allergic reactions are rare but serious events associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We report the salvage of intraoperative anaphylaxis leading to extreme hypercapnic respiratory failure by veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A 38-year-old woman undergoing thyroidectomy developed intractable bronchospasm after administration of atracurium, leading to extreme hypercapnic respiratory failure (PaCO2 > 250 mmHg, pH 6.773). After the failure of conventional medical therapy and ventilatory optimization, the patient was connected to a veno-venous ECMO circuit. PaCO2 of 45.6 mmHg and pH of 7.25 were achieved in 1 h, by slowly increasing sweep gas flows up to 3.5 L/min and using continuous end-tidal CO2 monitoring to gauge the procedure. After extubation and disconnection from ECMO, the patient was discharged on the 6th day without sequelae. Rapid reversal of extreme hypercapnic acidosis by ECMO was feasible, without any neurologic sequelae. Veno-venous ECMO support may be a valuable option for the salvage of intraoperative anaphylaxis.