Accuracy and feasibility in building a personalized 3D printed femoral pseudoaneurysm model for endovascular training.

BACKGROUND: The use of three-dimensional(3D) printing is broadly across many medical specialties. It is an innovative, and rapidly growing technology to produce custom anatomical models and medical conditions models for medical teaching, surgical planning, and patient education. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of 3D printing in creating a superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm model based on CT scans for endovascular training. METHODS: A case of a left superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm was selected, and the 3D model was created using DICOM files imported into Materialise Mimics 22.0 and Materialise 3-Matic software, then printed using vat polymerization technology. Two 3D-printed models were created, and a series of comparisons were conducted between the 3D segmented images from CT scans and these two 3D-printed models. Ten comparisons involving internal diameters and angles of the specific anatomical location were measured. RESULTS: The study found that the absolute mean difference in diameter between the 3D segmented images and the 3D printed models was 0.179±0.145 mm and 0.216±0.143mm, respectively, with no significant difference between the two sets of models. Additionally, the absolute mean difference in angle was 0.99±0.65° and 1.00±0.91°, respectively, and the absolute mean difference in angle between the two sets of data was not significant. Bland-Altman analysis confirmed a high correlation in dimension measurements between the 3D-printed models and segmented images. Furthermore, the accuracy of a 3D-printed femoral pseudoaneurysm model was further tested through the simulation of a superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm coiling procedure using the Philips Azurion7 in the angiography room. CONCLUSIONS: 3D printing is a reliable technique for producing a high accuracy 3D anatomical model that closely resemble a patient's anatomy based on CT images. Additionally, 3D printing is a feasible and viable option for use in endovascular training and medical education. In general, 3D printing is an encouraging technology with diverse possibilities in medicine, including surgical planning, medical education, and medical device advancement.

The impact of transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy on the quality of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a low-volume setting.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Although quality improvement is crucial for ERCP, a low practice volume can pose challenges to achieving high-quality bile duct cannulation. Transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy (TPS) has been proven effective for advanced cannulation. However, existing data mainly come from skilled endoscopists in large medical centers. The impact of TPS on ERCP quality in a lower-volume setting deserves investigation. METHODS: Our hospital performs approximately 200 ERCPs annually, with 1 expert endoscopist performing approximately half of them and 3 nonexpert endoscopists sharing the remaining cases. TPS was started and became our predominant advanced cannulation technique in April 2016. We retrospectively reviewed ERCP cases 3 years before and after the introduction of TPS. The primary endpoints of the study were the differences in 2 ERCP quality indicators, the bile duct cannulation rate and the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). RESULTS: A total of 701 ERCP cases with naïve papilla were analyzed, with 350 patients treated before the introduction of TPS and 351 patients treated afterward. The successful cannulation rate was significantly improved (before, 87.4%; after, 92.3%, P = .032), whereas the incidence of PEP decreased, but not significantly (before, 4.0%; after, 2.8%; P = .402). All endoscopists benefited from using TPS, with nonexperts demonstrating a significantly higher improvement in the cannulation rate (before, 85.5%; after, 93.1%; P = .019). CONCLUSIONS: TPS can effectively enhance the quality of ERCP irrespective of practice volume.

Similarities and differences between IBS-C and FC with regards to symptomatology, sleep quality and psychological attributes.

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional constipation (FC) are highly prevalent in the general population and have significant symptom overlap, while the clinical associations and psychological links between IBS and FC remains poorly understood. We aimed to compare the clinical, metabolic and psychological factors between patients with FC patients and constipation predominated IBS. METHODS: We consecutively enrolled 360 patients from the outpatient clinics of Hualien Tzu Chi medical center. Constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) and FC were diagnosed based on Rome III criteria. All participants completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) score and the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ) score. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients had FC and twenty-three patients had IBS-C. Compared to asymptomatic controls, FC/IBS-C groups had female predominance (p < 0.001), FC as well as more GI discomforts and inferior psychosocial characteristics (p < 0.05). Compared to FC, IBS-C had higher severity scores of abdominal distention (4.52 ± 1.90 vs. 3.07 ± 1.88) and heartburn (2.17 ± 1.50 vs. 1.46 ± 1.14). However, FC was independently associated with poor sleep quality [adjusted OR: 1.19 (1.08-1.31), p < 0.001] and IBS-C with depression [adjusted OR: 1.07 (1.02-1.12), p = 0.005]. CONCLUSION: Patients with FC and IBS-C shared many similar GI complaints and psychosocial characteristics, however IBS-C had more severe bloating, heartburn and depression and FC had worse sleeping quality.