Psychological profiles in patients receiving maintenance dialysis: Classification, correlates, and behavioral health outcomes.

This study identified psychological profiles based on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, positive affect, and posttraumatic growth in 298 patients receiving maintenance dialysis, and examined their relationships with self-management at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Five psychological response profiles were identified: well-being (42.95%), resilient (26.17%), moderate-distress-with-growth (17.79%), distressed (11.07%), and high-distress-with-growth (2.01%). Patients were more likely to be in the distressed profile if they were younger, had less social support, received peritoneal dialysis, and suffered from a greater symptom burden of kidney disease. The well-being profile showed better self-management behavior at baseline and 1-year follow-up. The distressed profile was associated with worse self-management at baseline and the resilient profile was associated with worse self-management at follow-up. The findings highlighted the beneficial role of positive psychological constructs in promoting self-management behavior, which implied that beyond eliminating psychological distress, it is important to facilitate positive psychological well-being.

Two 2D spin-crossover coordination polymers constructed by [Pd(SCN)4]2- building blocks.

Two new two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymers, [FeII(L)2{PdII(SCN)4}] (L1 = 2-methoxypyrazine, 1; and L2 = (E)-3-(phenyldiazenyl)pyridine, 2), were successfully constructed by using square-planar [Pd(SCN)4]2- building blocks. Complex 1 exhibits complete and one-step spin-crossover (SCO) behavior, while 2 exhibits incomplete and two-step SCO behavior. Further structural insight into this synergy reveals that the flat/flexing [Fe{Pd(SCN)4}]∞ sheets in 1 and 2 are stabilized by interlayered/intralayered supramolecular interactions.

A brain-to-gut signal controls intestinal fat absorption.

Although fat is a crucial source of energy in diets, excessive intake leads to obesity. Fat absorption in the gut is prevailingly thought to occur organ-autonomously by diffusion1-3. Whether the process is controlled by the brain-to-gut axis, however, remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (DMV) plays a key part in this process. Inactivation of DMV neurons reduces intestinal fat absorption and consequently causes weight loss, whereas activation of the DMV increases fat absorption and weight gain. Notably, the inactivation of a subpopulation of DMV neurons that project to the jejunum shortens the length of microvilli, thereby reducing fat absorption. Moreover, we identify a natural compound, puerarin, that mimics the suppression of the DMV-vagus pathway, which in turn leads to reduced fat absorption. Photoaffinity chemical methods and cryogenic electron microscopy of the structure of a GABAA receptor-puerarin complex reveal that puerarin binds to an allosteric modulatory site. Notably, conditional Gabra1 knockout in the DMV largely abolishes puerarin-induced intestinal fat loss. In summary, we discover that suppression of the DMV-vagus-jejunum axis controls intestinal fat absorption by shortening the length of microvilli and illustrate the therapeutic potential of puerarin binding to GABRA1 in fat loss.

Malware Identification Method in Industrial Control Systems Based on Opcode2vec and CVAE-GAN.

Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) have faced a significant increase in malware threats since their integration with the Internet. However, existing machine learning-based malware identification methods are not specifically optimized for ICS environments, resulting in suboptimal identification performance. In this work, we propose an innovative method explicitly tailored for ICSs to enhance the performance of malware classifiers within these systems. Our method integrates the opcode2vec method based on preprocessed features with a conditional variational autoencoder-generative adversarial network, enabling classifiers based on Convolutional Neural Networks to identify malware more effectively and with some degree of increased stability and robustness. Extensive experiments validate the efficacy of our method, demonstrating the improved performance of malware classifiers in ICSs. Our method achieved an accuracy of 97.30%, precision of 92.34%, recall of 97.44%, and F1-score of 94.82%, which are the highest reported values in the experiment.

Recombinant collagen for the repair of skin wounds and photo-aging damage.

The skin, being the body's primary defense mechanism, is susceptible to various injuries such as epidermal wounds, natural aging, and ultraviolet-induced damage. As a result, there is growing interest in researching skin repair methods. Traditional animal-derived collagen, widely available on the market, poses risks due to its immunogenicity and potential for viral contamination. In contrast, recombinant collagen sourced from human genes offers a safer alternative. To investigate the potential of human recombinant collagen in skin repair, our research team applied two types, type I human collagen (Col I) and CF-1552(I), to two different skin injury models: a wound-healing model and a photo-aging model. Our findings indicate that both Col I and CF-1552(I) effectively enhance wound healing and repair skin damaged by ultraviolet exposure. Notably, CF-1552(I) showed effects comparable to Col I in promoting cell proliferation in the wound-healing model and increasing malondialdehyde content in the photo-aging model, suggesting that CF-1552(I) may offer greater potential for skin repair compared to the larger Col I molecule.

Effects of a Novel Magnetic Nanomaterial on Oral Biofilms.

Dental caries is one of the most common oral chronic infectious diseases, and novel antibacterial materials must be developed to control plaque and inhibit formation of dental caries. Combining magnetic nanomaterials with antibacterial agents to decrease the formation of bacterial biofilm has been a hot topic in the biomedical field. The present study developed a novel magnetic nanomaterial chemically combined with dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) and initially investigated its inhibiting effects on biofilms by using traditional caries-related bacteria and saliva flora models. The novel magnetic nanomaterials successfully loaded DMADDM according to thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy results. Further, the novel nanoparticle Fe3O4@SiO2@DMADDM with concentration of 8 mg/mL could effectively reduce Streptococcus mutans biofilm and decrease the production of lactic acid. The 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that Fe3O4@SiO2@DMADDM could depress the proportion of caries-related bacteria in saliva-derived biofilm, such as Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Neisseria. Therefore, Fe3O4@SiO2@DMADDM is a novel effective antibacterial magnetic nanomaterial and has clinical potential in plaque control and dental caries prevention.

Digital transformation and synergistic reduction in pollution and carbon Emissions--An analysis from a dynamic capability perspective.

Pollution control and carbon emission reduction pose significant challenges for developing countries, and achieving synergistic reductions in pollution and carbon emissions (SRPCs) has emerged as the optimal choice. Digitization, a prevailing trend in the current era, presents new opportunities for realizing the SRPC. We utilize data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2022 to investigate the impact of corporate digital transformation on the SRPC. The research reveals the following. (1) Enterprise digital transformation significantly promotes the SRPC, a conclusion validated through a series of robustness tests. However, the SRPC resulting from digital transformation is characterized by weak synergy, which is primarily observed in the coordinated reduction in air pollution and carbon emissions. (2) This effect is notably stronger for companies near environmental regulatory authorities, those receiving government environmental subsidies, and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). (3) Enhancing managerial collaborative management capabilities, promoting corporate technological innovation capabilities, and alleviating financing pressure are the primary mechanisms at play. This research provides important policy and practical insights for promoting the SRPC in the context of digitization, fostering sustainable development.

Pearcey Talbot-like plasmon: a plasmonic bottle array generation scheme.

In this Letter, a surface wave, the Pearcey Talbot-like plasmon, which has the properties of self-imaging and multiple autofocusing, is presented as a novel, to the best of our knowledge, plasmonic bottle array generation scheme. With originality, the overall structure and the partial intensity of the plasmonic bottle array can be adjusted through the initial input, and modifying the Pearcey function enables the plasmonic bottle array to exhibit self-bending characteristics, which makes particle capture and manipulation easier and more flexible. A scheme to generate the plasmon is proposed, and we prove it by the finite-difference time-domain numerical simulations.

Multi-Channel Multi-Scale Convolution Attention Variational Autoencoder (MCA-VAE): An Interpretable Anomaly Detection Algorithm Based on Variational Autoencoder.

With the rapid development of industry, the risks factories face are increasing. Therefore, the anomaly detection algorithms deployed in factories need to have high accuracy, and they need to be able to promptly discover and locate the specific equipment causing the anomaly to restore the regular operation of the abnormal equipment. However, the neural network models currently deployed in factories cannot effectively capture both temporal features within dimensions and relationship features between dimensions; some algorithms that consider both types of features lack interpretability. Therefore, we propose a high-precision, interpretable anomaly detection algorithm based on variational autoencoder (VAE). We use a multi-scale local weight-sharing convolutional neural network structure to fully extract the temporal features within each dimension of the multi-dimensional time series. Then, we model the features from various aspects through multiple attention heads, extracting the relationship features between dimensions. We map the attention output results to the latent space distribution of the VAE and propose an optimization method to improve the reconstruction performance of the VAE, detecting anomalies through reconstruction errors. Regarding anomaly interpretability, we utilize the VAE probability distribution characteristics, decompose the obtained joint probability density into conditional probabilities on each dimension, and calculate the anomaly score, which provides helpful value for technicians. Experimental results show that our algorithm performed best in terms of F1 score and AUC value. The AUC value for anomaly detection is 0.982, and the F1 score is 0.905, which is 4% higher than the best-performing baseline algorithm, Transformer with a Discriminator for Anomaly Detection (TDAD). It also provides accurate anomaly interpretation capability.

Efficacy of a Web-Based Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Program in Improving Predialysis Blood Pressure Control Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Hypertension is highly prevalent among patients undergoing hemodialysis, with a significant proportion experiencing poorly controlled blood pressure (BP). Digital BP management in this population has been underused. Objective: This study aimed to explore the efficacy of a web-based home BP monitoring (HBPM) program in improving predialysis BP control and enhancing knowledge, perception, and adherence to HBPM among patients with hypertension undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted at 2 hemodialysis units. Patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the web-based HBPM program as the intervention group or to usual care as the control group over a 6-month period. The primary outcomes were the predialysis BP control rate, defined as less than 140/90 mm Hg, and the predialysis systolic and diastolic BP, assessed from baseline to the 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included patient knowledge, perception, and adherence to HBPM, evaluated using the HBPM Knowledge Questionnaire, HBPM Perception Scale, and HBPM Adherence Scale, respectively. A generalized estimating equations analysis was used to analyze the primary outcomes in the intention-to-treat analysis. Results: Of the 165 patients enrolled in the program (n=84, 50.9% in the web-based HBPM group and n=81, 49.1% in the control group), 145 (87.9%) completed the follow-up assessment. During the follow-up period, 11 instances of hypotension occurred in 9 patients in the web-based HBPM group, compared to 15 instances in 14 patients in the control group. The predialysis BP control rate increased from 30% (25/84) to 48% (40/84) in the web-based HBPM group after the 6-month intervention, whereas in the control group, it decreased from 37% (30/81) to 25% (20/81; χ22=16.82, P<.001; odds ratio 5.11, 95% CI 2.14-12.23, P<.001). The web-based HBPM group demonstrated a significant reduction after the 6-month intervention in the predialysis systolic BP (t163=2.46, P=.02; ß=-6.09, 95 % CI -10.94 to -1.24, P=.01) and the predialysis diastolic BP (t163=3.20, P=.002; ß=-4.93, 95% CI -7.93 to -1.93, P=.001). Scores on the HBPM Knowledge Questionnaire (t163=-9.18, P<.001), HBPM Perception Scale (t163=-10.65, P<.001), and HBPM Adherence Scale (t163=-8.04, P<.001) were significantly higher after 6 months of intervention. Conclusions: The implementation of a web-based HBPM program can enhance predialysis BP control and the knowledge, perception, and adherence to HBPM among patients undergoing hemodialysis. This web-based HBPM program should be promoted in appropriate clinical settings.

Newborn screening and genetic diagnosis of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency in Quanzhou,China.

Background and aims: 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency (3-MCCD) is an autosomal recessive leucine catabolism condition caused by 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (3-MCC) deficiency due to MCCC1/MCCC2 variants. We investigated its incidence and features in Quanzhou, China. Materials and methods: We screened 643,606 newborns (January 2014 to December 2022) for elevated 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5OH) levels using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Molecular analyses identified MCCC1/MCCC2 variants in suspected 3-MCCD cases. Results: Seventeen neonates, two maternal patients, and one paternal patient had 3-MCCD. Its incidence in the Quanzhou study population was 1/37,859 newborns. All patients and neonates with 3-MCCD exhibited increased C5OH concentrations. Most patients [76.5%(13/17)] had increased urinary 3-methylcrotonylglycine (3-MCG) and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (3-HIVA) levels. Eight neonates and all adults with 3-MCCD had secondary carnitine deficiency. We identified seventeen variants, including 6 novel ones.MCCC1and MCCC2 variants were found in 47.1% and 52.9% of patients,with c.1331G > A (31.3%) and c.351_353delTGG (50.0%) being the most prevalent, respectively. Clinical symptoms were observed in 11.8% of patients. Conclusion: We identified six new MCCC1/MCCC2 variants, enhancing our understanding of the 3-MCCD molecular profile. Secondary carnitine deficiency occurred in eight neonates and all adult patients. Although clinical symptoms were observed in 11.8% of patients, whether they were related to 3-MCCD remain unclear. Therefore, further studies are required to decide whether 3-MCCD and C5OH indicators should continue to be used.

Superlarge, Rigidified DNA Tetrahedron with a Y-Shaped Backbone for Organizing Biomolecules Spatially and Maintaining Their Full Bioactivity.

A major impediment to the clinical translation of DNA tiling nanostructures is a technical bottleneck for the programmable assembly of DNA architectures with well-defined local geometry due to the inability to achieve both sufficient structural rigidity and a large framework. In this work, a Y-backbone was inserted into each face to construct a superlarge, sufficiently rigidified tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (called RDT) with extremely high efficiency. In RDT, the spatial size increased by 6.86-fold, and the structural rigidity was enhanced at least 4-fold, contributing to an ∼350-fold improvement in the resistance to nucleolytic degradation even without a protective coating. RDT can be mounted onto an artificial lipid-bilayer membrane with molecular-level precision and well-defined spatial orientation that can be validated using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay. The spatial orientation of Y-shaped backbone-rigidified RDT is unachievable for conventional DNA polyhedrons and ensures a high level of precision in the geometric positioning of diverse biomolecules with an approximately homogeneous environment. In tests of RDT, surface-confined horseradish peroxidase (HRP) exhibited nearly 100% catalytic activity and targeting aptamer-immobilized gold nanoparticles showed 5.3-fold enhanced cellular internalization. Significantly, RDT exhibited a 27.5-fold enhanced structural stability in a bodily environment and did not induce detectable systemic toxicity.

An integrated QTL and RNA-seq analysis revealed new petal morphology loci in Brassica napus L.

BACKGROUND: Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops and a wildly cultivated horticultural crop. The petals of B. napus serve to protect the reproductive organs and attract pollinators and tourists. Understanding the genetic basis of petal morphology regulation is necessary for B. napus breeding. RESULTS: In the present study, the quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for six B. napus petal morphology parameters in a double haploid (DH) population was conducted across six microenvironments. A total of 243 QTLs and five QTL hotspots were observed, including 232 novel QTLs and three novel QTL hotspots. The spatiotemporal transcriptomic analysis of the diversiform petals was also conducted, which indicated that the expression of plant hormone metabolic and cytoskeletal binding protein genes was variant among diversiform petals. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of QTL and RNA-seq analysis revealed that plant hormones (including cytokinin, auxin, and gibberellin) and cytoskeleton were key regulators of the petal morphology. Subsequently, 61 high-confidence candidate genes of petal morphology regulation were identified, including Bn.SAUR10, Bn.ARF18, Bn.KIR1, Bn.NGA2, Bn.PRF1, and Bn.VLN4. The current study provided novel QTLs and candidate genes for further breeding B. napus varieties with diversiform petals.

Transcriptomics to evaluate the influence mechanisms of ethanol on the ester production of Wickerhamomyces anomalus with the induction of lactic acid.

Wickerhamomyces anomalus is one of the most important ester-producing strains in Chinese baijiu brewing. Ethanol and lactic acid are the main metabolites produced during baijiu brewing, but their synergistic influence on the growth and ester production of W. anomalus is unclear. Therefore, in this paper, based on the contents of ethanol and lactic acid during Te-flavor baijiu brewing, the effects of different ethanol concentrations (3, 6, and 9% (v/v)) combined with 1% lactic acid on the growth and ester production of W. anomalus NCUF307.1 were studied and their influence mechanisms were analyzed by transcriptomics. The results showed that the growth of W. anomalus NCUF307.1 under the induction of lactic acid was inhibited by ethanol. Although self-repair mechanism of W. anomalus NCUF307.1 induced by lactic acid was initiated at all concentrations of ethanol, resulting in significant up-regulation of genes related to the Genetic Information Processing pathway, such as cell cycle-yeast, meiosis-yeast, DNA replication and other pathways. However, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the inhibition of pathways associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism may be the main reason for the inhibition of growth in W. anomalus NCUF307.1. In addition, 3% and 6% ethanol combined with 1% lactic acid could promote the ester production of W. anomalus NCUF307.1, which may be related to the up-regulation of EAT1, ADH5 and TGL5 genes, while the inhibition in 9% ethanol may be related to down-regulation of ATF2, EAT1, ADH2, ADH5, and TGL3 genes.

Exploration and evaluation of reporting quality of randomised controlled trials on blended learning in medical education.

Aims/Background Blended learning has been a commonly adopted teaching mode in the medical education community in recent years. Many studies have shown that the blended learning mode is superior to the traditional teaching mode. Nonetheless, pinpointing the specific advantages provided by blended teaching methods is challenging, since multiple elements influence their effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of the conclusions of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on blended learning in medical education by assessing their quality, and to provide suggestions for future related studies. Methods Two investigators searched PUBMED and EMBASE, and assessed RCTs related to medical blended learning published from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021. The analysis of the overall quality of each report was based on the 2010 consolidated standard of reporting trials (CONSORT) Statement applying a 28-point overall quality score. We also conducted a multivariate assessment including year of publication, region of the trial, journal, impact factor, sample size, and the primary outcome. Results A total of 22 RCTs closely relevant to medical blended learning were eventually selected for study. The results demonstrated that half of the studies failed to explicitly describe at least 34% of the items in the 2010 CONSORT Statement. Medical blended learning is an emerging new teaching mode, with 95.45% of RCTs published since 2010. However, many issues that we consider crucial were not satisfactorily addressed in the selected RCTs. Conclusion Although the 2010 CONSORT Statement was published more than a decade ago, the quality of RCTs remains unsatisfactory. Some important items were inadequately reported in many RCTs such as sample size, blinding, and concealment. We encourage researchers who focus on the effects of blended learning in medical education to incorporate the guidelines in the 2010 CONSORT Statement when designing and conducting relevant research. Researchers, reviewers, and editors also need to work together to improve the quality of relevant RCTs in accordance with the requirements of the 2010 CONSORT Statement.

Association of muscle mass and radiodensity assessed by chest CT with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients.

PURPOSE: This study investigates the prognostic value of skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) measured by chest CT in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2021 involving HD patients at a dialysis center. Chest CT scans at the twelfth thoracic vertebra level (T12) were analyzed to assess SMI and SMD. Sex-specific cut-off values for two metrics were determined using maximally selected rank statistics. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to evaluate the associations of SMI and SMD with mortality. The discrimination of prognostic models was also compared. RESULTS: The study included 603 patients with a median age of 58 years. Of these, 187 (31.0%) patients with SMI < 30.00 cm2/m2 (male) or < 25.04 cm2/m2 (female) and 192 (31.8%) patients with SMD < 32.25 HU (male) or < 30.64 HU (female) were categorized as lower SMI and SMD, respectively. Over a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 144 deaths occurred. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lower SMI and SMD were independently associated with all-cause mortality (SMI: HR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.03-2.10; SMD: HR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.20-2.54) and CVD mortality (SMI: HR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.03-2.94; SMD: HR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.02-2.95). Adding SMI and SMD to the established risk model improved the C-index from 0.82 to 0.87 (P < 0.001). Decision curve analysis showed that the prognostic model incorporating both SMI and SMD offered the highest net benefit for predicting all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle metrics derived from CT scans at T12 level provide valuable prognostic information which could enhance the role of chest CT in muscle assessment among HD patients.

Evidence of size-dependent toxicity of polystyrene nano- and microplastics in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867) during the intestinal regeneration.

Microplastics are ubiquitous pollutants in the global marine environment. However, few studies have adequately explored the different toxic mechanisms of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in aquatic organisms. The sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, is a key organism in the marine benthic ecosystem due to its crucial roles in biogeochemical cycles and food web. This study investigated the bioaccumulation and adverse effects of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics (PS-M/NPs) of different sizes (20 µm, 1 µm and 80 nm) in the regenerated intestine of A. japonicus using multi-omics analysis. The results showed that after 30-day exposure at the concentration of 0.1 mg L-1, PS-MPs and PS-NPs accumulated to 155.41-175.04 µg g-1 and 337.95 µg g-1, respectively. This excessive accumulation led to increased levels of antioxidases (SOD, CAT, GPx and T-AOC) and reduced activities of immune enzymes (AKP, ACP and T-NOS), indicating oxidative damage and compromised immunity in the regenerated intestine. PS-NPs had more profound negative impacts on cell proliferation and differentiation compared to PS-MPs. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PS-NPs primarily affected pathways related to cellular components, e.g., ribosome, and oxidative phosphorylation. In comparison, PS-MPs had greater influences on actin-related organization and organic compound metabolism. In the PS-M/NPs-treated groups, differentially expressed metabolites were mainly amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol phospholipid, and purine nucleosides. Additionally, microbial community reconstruction in the regenerated intestine was severely disrupted by the presence of PS-M/NPs. In the PS-NPs group, Burkholderiaceae abundance significantly increased while Rhodobacteraceae abundance decreased. Correlation analyses demonstrated that intestinal regeneration of A. japonicus was closely linked to its enteric microorganisms. These microbiota-host interactions were notably affected by different PS-M/NPs, with PS-NPs exposure causing the most remarkable disruption of mutual symbiosis. The multi-omic approaches used here provide novel insights into the size-dependent toxicity of PS-M/NPs and highlight their detrimental effects on invertebrates in M/NPs-polluted marine benthic ecosystems.

Bidirectional photomagnetism, exciplex fluorescence and dielectric anomalies in a spin crossover Hofmann-type coordination polymer.

Stepped spin crossover (SCO) complexes with three or more spin states have promising applications in high-order data storage, multi-switches and multi-sensors. Further synergy with other functionalities, such as luminescence and dielectric properties, will provide a good chance to develop novel multifunctional SCO materials. Here, a bent pillar ligand and luminescent pyrene guest are integrated into a three-dimensional (3D) Hofmann-type metal-organic framework (MOF) [Fe(dpoda){Au(CN)2}2]·pyrene (dpoda = 2,5-di-(pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole). The magnetic data show an incomplete and two-step SCO behavior with the sequence of 1 ↔ 1/2 ↔ 1/4. The rare bi-directional light-induced excited spin-state trapping (LIESST) effect and light-induced stepped thermal relaxation after LIESST are observed. The pyrene guests interact with dpoda ligands via offset face-to-face π⋯π interactions to form intermolecular exciplex emissions. The competition between thermal quenching and stepped SCO properties results in a complicated and stepped exciplex fluorescence. Moreover, the stepped dielectric property with higher dielectric permittivity at lower temperature may be related to the more frustrated octahedral distortion parameters in the intermediate spin states. Hence, a 3D Hofmann-type MOF with bent pillar ligands and fluorescent guests illustrates an effective way for the development of multifunctional switching materials.

Prevalence and influencing factors of patient delay in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Determine the prevalence and influencing factors of patient delay in stroke patients and explore variation in prevalence by country and delayed time. METHODS: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), Weipu database, and Wanfang database were comprehensively searched for observational studies from inception to April, 2023. The pooled prevalence, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS: In total, 2721 articles were screened and data from 70 studies involving 85,468 subjects were used in meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of patient delay in stroke patients was 59% (95% CI, 0.54-0.64). The estimates of pooled prevalence calculated for African, Asian, and European patient delay in stroke patients were 55% (0.29-0.81), 61% (0.56-0.66), and 49% (0.34-0.64).According to the patient delay time, the prevalence of 6 h, 5 h, 4.5 h, 3.5 h, 3 h and 2 h were 54% (0.47-0.61), 73% (0.61-0.86), 60% (0.49-0.71), 81% (0.68-0.93), 52% (0.42-0.62), 63% (0.19-1.07). Distance from the place of onset to the hospital > 10 km [OR=2.49, 95%CI (1.92, 3.24)], having medical insurance [OR = 0.45, 95%CI (0.26,0.80)], lack of stroke-related knowledge [OR = 1.56, 95%CI (1.08,2.26)], education level below junior high school [OR = 1.69, 95%CI (1.22,2.36)], non-emergency medical services (Non-EMS) [OR = 2.10, 95%CI (1.49,2.97)], living in rural areas [OR = 1.54, 95%CI (1.15,2.07)], disturbance of consciousness [OR = 0.60, 95%CI (0.39,0.93)], history of atrial fibrillation [OR = 0.53, 95%CI (0.47,0.59)], age ≥ 65 years [OR = 1.18, 95%CI (1.02,1.37)], National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) ≤ 4 points [OR= 2.26, 95%CI (1.06,4.79)]were factors for patient delay in stroke patients. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of patient delay in stroke patients is high, we should pay attention to the influencing factors of patient delay in stroke patients and provide a theoretical basis for shortening the treatment time of stroke patients.

Evaluation of the effect of Torulaspora delbrueckii on important volatile compounds in navel orange original brandy using E-nose combined with HS-SPME-GC-MS.

Simultaneous inoculation of non-Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the alcoholic fermentation process has been found to be an effective strategy for enhancing wine flavor. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Torulaspora delbrueckii NCUF305.2 on the flavor of navel orange original brandy (NOOB) using E-nose combined with HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the sensitivity of NOOB to W5C, W3C, W1S, and W3S sensors by mixed fermentation (MF). Esters in NOOB increased by 4.13%, while higher alcohols increased by 21.93% (p < 0.001), terpenes and others increased by 52.07% and 40.99% (p < 0.01), respectively. Notably, several important volatile compounds with relative odor activity values above 10 showed an increase. Sensory analysis revealed that a more pronounced citrus-like flavor and higher overall appearance scores were found in MF than in pure fermentation (PF). These findings offer valuable theoretical guidance for enhancing the quality of fruit brandies.