Trehalose-Based Glassy Matrices as an Effective Tool to Trap Short-Lived Intermediates in the Nitric Oxide Dioxygenation (NOD) Reaction of Hemoglobin.

The very rapid nitric oxide dioxygenation (NOD) reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with the oxygen bound to the ferrous derivatives of hemeproteins such as hemoglobin and myoglobin to yield nitrate and the ferric derivate (met) of the hemeprotein is of considerable physiological and biomedical importance. The mechanism for this reaction has been elusive due to the rapidity of the reaction. This article describes a method based both on using trehalose-derived glassy matrices to control the reaction of NO with oxyhemoglobin through both a temperature and glass-dependent modulation of the protein dynamics and a novel method of generating NO within the glassy matrix. The results support models in which there is a very rapid formation of an intermediate that immediately decays into an initial nonequilibrium population of high and low ferric nitrate that on a slower time scale relaxed to an easily dissociated equilibrium form of the ferric nitrate derivative of hemoglobin.

Outcomes assessment of patients treated with osseointegrated dental implants at the University of Washington Graduate Prosthodontic Program, 1988 to 2000.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to review and assess the outcomes of subjects treated with dental implants at the University of Washington Graduate Prosthodontic Program from 1988 to 2000. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review and an outcomes assessment were conducted of patients treated with osseointegrated implants between 1988 and 2000 at the University of Washington Graduate Prosthodontic Program. Patients were treated by graduate students. All included patients had a prosthesis that had been in service for at least 5 years. Implants and prostheses were assessed by chart review, phone survey, and clinical review. Clinical review consisted of mobility testing, soft tissue evaluation, and occlusal evaluation. Specific success criteria were used and life table analyses of implants and prostheses were performed. RESULTS: Of a total of 114 patients treated, 69 subjects (60.5% of those treated) participated in the assessment; 103 prostheses supported by 273 implants were reviewed clinically. The estimated cumulative survival rate was 96.3% for all implants and 85.4% for all prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: A retrospective review of 69 subjects who were treated in the University of Washington Graduate Prosthodontic Program between the years 1988 and 2000 showed an implant survival rate of 96.3% and a prosthesis survival rate of 85.4%. Prostheses showed higher failure rates than implants.