ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence and determinants of increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in a population of black hypertensive patients and it influence of on the assessment of their overall cardiovascular risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a 16-month, cross-sectional study conducted in the outpatient unit of the cardiology department of the Campus teaching hospital of Lome, and included 1203 hypertensive patients, both sexes, aged 35 years and more. Each patient benefited from a carotid IMT measure. Carotid IMT was increased if it was>0.9mm and the plaque was defined as a carotid IMT>1.2mm. RESULTS: The mean age of our patients was 53.3±10.4 years with a sex ratio of 1.6 in favor of women. The duration of hypertension was less than 5 years in 56.7% and hypertension was grade 1 in 47.7% of cases. The mean carotid IMT was 0.89mm±0.20. The prevalence of the increased carotid IMT was 45.8% and that of an atheroma plaque was 15.8%. Carotid IMT was correlated with age (PË0.0001), duration of arterial hypertension (P=0.01), history of stroke (PË0.0001), and presence of left ventricular hypertrophy to cardiac ultrasound (P=0.01). The overall cardiovascular risk was modified after taking into account the carotid IMT. An increase in cardiovascular risk was observed in 30.5% of hypertensive patients. CONCLUSION: Increased carotid intima-media thickness is frequent in Togolese hypertension. The determining factors are age, duration of arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and stroke. The systematic measurement of the carotid intima-media thickness would better evaluate the overall cardiovascular risk for our patients.
Subject(s)
Black People/statistics & numerical data , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/epidemiology , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/epidemiology , Prevalence , Stroke/epidemiology , Togo/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Une etude retrospective des traumatismes maxillo-faciaux est effectuee dans les services d'ORL et de stomatologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lome; de janvier 1988 a decembre 1992. Le but etant de determiner les facteurs etiologiques afin de proposer des mesures preventives. L'echantillon de l'etude est de 733 patients dont 87;17 pour cent sont de sexe masculin et 78;80 pour cent ages de 19 a 69 ans. Les accidents de circulation constituent la plus importante etiologie (86;95 pour cent). Commercants; fontionnaires; paysans et enfants sont les grandes victimes (83;59 pour cent). Les motocyclettes et bicyclettes sont les moyens de deplacement tres utilises dans les villes exposant aux accidents. Beaucoup reste a faire en matiere de prevention routiere
