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1.
Polymers (Basel) ; 16(9)2024 May 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38732761

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a comprehensive review of natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs) for lower-limb prosthetic designs. It covers the characteristics, types, and properties of natural fiber-reinforced composites as well as their advantages and drawbacks in prosthetic designs. This review also discusses successful prosthetic designs that incorporate NFRCs and the factors that make them effective. Additionally, this study explores the use of computational biomechanical models to evaluate the effectiveness of prosthetic devices and the key factors that are considered. Overall, this document provides a valuable resource for anyone interested in using NFRCs for lower-limb prosthetic designs.

2.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J ; 60(11): 1353-1358, 2023 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35668609

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in cases and prevalence at birth rates of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in Mexico between 2003 and 2019. DESIGN: Ecological study. SETTING: Multiple data sources systematically collected into a national epidemiological surveillance data warehouse. PARTICIPANTS: National Live Birth Information System. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Both cases and prevalence at birth rates of CL/P in Mexico within a 17-year period were used as dependent variables. RESULTS: At the national level there were 23 184 new cases of CL/P (average of 1364 per year) in the 32 states of Mexico, with an average prevalence at birth rate of 0.53 per 1000 live births. The states with the highest prevalence at birth rates of CL/P during the period were Hidalgo (1.59) and Jalisco (1.32), while the states with the lowest rates were Nayarit (0.22) and Durango (0.29). A slight decrease in both cases (z = -2.41, P = .016) and prevalence at birth rates (z = -2.58, P = .010) of CL/P was observed at the national level. States such as Durango, Puebla, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Mexico City, State of Mexico, Coahuila and Jalisco showed a clear downward trend (P < .05) in their prevalence at birth of CL/P between 2003 and 2019, while in Hidalgo its trend was upward (P = .05). Significant differences by sex and region were observed (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Some states consistently had the highest or lowest prevalence of CL/P. Decreasing trends in the overall prevalence at birth rates were observed. More detailed, epidemiological studies are necessary to adequately characterize CL/P in the Mexican population.


Subject(s)
Cleft Lip , Cleft Palate , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Cleft Lip/epidemiology , Cleft Palate/epidemiology , Prevalence , Mexico/epidemiology
3.
Carbohydr Res ; 499: 108221, 2021 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33358524

ABSTRACT

An efficient synthetic route to prepare O-(2-O-benzyl-3,4-di-O-acetyl-α/ß-l-fucopyranosyl)-trichloroacetimidate from l-fucose was developed by introducing the thiophenyl group at the anomeric center and the benzylidene functional group to protect the 3 and 4 positions. Although three approaches were considered, the best result was obtained when, after the 2-hydroxyl benzylation, both protective groups were simultaneously removed by using acetic anhydride and perchloric acid supported on silica as catalyst. Selective deacetylation of the obtained tri-O-acetate followed by the reaction of the resultant hemiacetal with trichloroacetonitrile and DBU afforded the trichloroacetimidate with an overall yield of 56% from the l-fucose.


Subject(s)
Acetamides/chemical synthesis , Chloroacetates/chemical synthesis , Fucose/chemical synthesis , Acetamides/chemistry , Carbohydrate Conformation , Chloroacetates/chemistry , Fucose/analogs & derivatives , Fucose/chemistry
4.
Front Neurol ; 11: 598974, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33324338

ABSTRACT

Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) has changed in its clinical and pathophysiological definition throughout time. Several etiologies have been described in addition to classic causes of EPC. The following case depicts a young woman who had a peculiar onset of epilepsy with a continuous visual aura becoming a form of chronic recurrent and non-progressive EPC. The patient was initially misdiagnosed as a non-neurological entity (assumed psychiatric in origin), but finally, an immune-mediated epilepsy was diagnosed, and EEG showed focal status epilepticus during evolution. Once the diagnosis was achieved and immune treatment was established, the patient is seizure free. Early identification of an immune basis in patients with epilepsy is important because immunotherapy can reverse the epileptogenic process and reduce the risk of chronic epilepsy. To date, this is the only case reported with EPC manifesting as a continuous visual aura associated with antiglutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (anti-GAD65) and anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (anti-NMDA) antibodies.

5.
iScience ; 23(6): 101156, 2020 Jun 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32450520

ABSTRACT

The Sc(III) MOF-type MFM-300(Sc) is demonstrated in this study to be stable under physiological conditions (PBS), biocompatible (to human skin cells), and an efficient drug carrier for the long-term controlled release (through human skin) of antioxidant ferulate. MFM-300(Sc) also preserves the antioxidant pharmacological effects of ferulate while enhancing the bio-preservation of dermal skin fibroblasts, during the delivery process. These discoveries pave the way toward the extended use of Sc(III)-based MOFs as drug delivery systems (DDSs).

6.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 27(3): 146-153, Jul-Sep 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1047303

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el empoderamiento es un factor clave para la atención de personas con insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) que se someten a diálisis peritoneal; su finalidad es la responsabilidad del paciente sobre su enfermedad. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de empoderamiento que tiene el paciente con IRC sobre el cuidado de la diálisis peritoneal. Métodos: estudio analítico, transversal, en el que participaron 174 pacientes con diálisis peritoneal. Se utilizó un instrumento con 24 ítems con respuestas de opción múltiple, con el que se evaluó el nivel de empoderamiento en alto, medio y bajo. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y la prueba de chi cuadrada. Resultados: 57.5% de los pacientes tuvo un nivel medio de empoderamiento. En relación con las dimensiones de empoderamiento, los pacientes tuvieron 85.1% en conocimiento, 88.1% en autocuidado, 83% en toma de decisiones y 81.9% en obtención de información, por lo que recayeron también en un nivel medio. La asociación de empoderamiento con edad, escolaridad y redes de apoyo tuvo una p < 0.001. Conclusiones: el nivel de empoderamiento de los pacientes en el cuidado de la diálisis peritoneal fue medio, por lo que es necesario incrementarlo, a fin de mejorar la calidad de vida.


Introduction: Empowerment is a key factor for the care of people with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) who undergo peritoneal dialysis; its main purpose is the patients' responsibility for their disease. Objective: To assess the level of empowerment that the patient with CRI has about the care of peritoneal dialysis. Methods: Analytical, cross-sectional study, which induded 174 patients with peritoneal dialysis. It was used an instrument with 24 items, with multiple-choice questions, which assessed the level of empowerment as high, médium and low. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used. Results: 57.5% of patients had a médium level of empowerment. Conceming empowerment dimensions, patients presented 85.1% in knowledge, 88.1% in self-care, 83% in decision-making and 81.9% in obtaining information, which are considered médium levels as well. The association of empowerment with age, schooling and support networks produced a p valué < 0.001. Conclusions: The patients' level of empowerment about peritoneal dialysis was médium, which is why it is necessary to increase it, in order to improve the quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation , Quality of Life , Laboratory and Fieldwork Analytical Methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Peritoneal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Mexico
7.
Clin Interv Aging ; 14: 219-224, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30787597

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the distribution of various indicators of oral health among elderly people with and without multimorbidity (ie, two or more chronic diseases). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted using a sample of Mexican elderly individuals aged ≥60 years. The average age of the cohort was 79.06±9.78 years, and 69.1% were women. The variables indicating oral health were as follows: functional dentition, edentulism, hyposalivation, xerostomia, root caries and periodontitis. The multimorbidity variable was operationally categorized as follows: 0= subjects with no chronic disease or one chronic disease and 1= subjects with two or more chronic diseases. Questionnaires were used to collect information on various variables regarding general health. Likewise, the participants underwent a clinical oral examination. The analysis was performed using Stata 11.0. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of multimorbidity was 27.3%. The prevalences of various oral health indicators were as follows: without functional dentition 89.9%; hyposalivation 59.7%; edentulism 38.9% and self-reported xerostomia 25.2%. Dental caries were observed in 95.3% of the subjects, and the prevalence of severe periodontitis was 80%. We found a significant difference only in edentulism; its prevalence was higher among subjects with multimorbidity (55.3% vs 32.7%, P=0.015) than among those without multimorbidity. CONCLUSION: The presence of edentulism in this sample of Mexican older adults was higher in subjects with multimorbidity. Multimorbidity and oral diseases constitute a true challenge in elderly people, because they affect quality of life and are associated with high health care costs.


Subject(s)
Dental Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Health Status Indicators , Multimorbidity , Oral Health/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Mouth, Edentulous/epidemiology , Prevalence , Quality of Life , Self Report , Surveys and Questionnaires
8.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 45(3)dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1506982

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La hiperdoncia, es una anomalía de número en la que se forman dientes o estructuras parecidas a dientes en exceso con respecto a la cantidad normal, teniendo como resultado órganos dentales llamados supernumerarios. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 7 años 11 meses de edad con dentición mixta y retraso en la erupción de los incisivos centrales y laterales superiores. En la radiografía panorámica se observa una zona radiopaca entre el incisivo central superior permanente (OD 21) y el incisivo lateral superior permanente (OD 22) diagnosticando un diente supernumerario. Con ayuda de una radiografía oclusal y una periapical de la zona se valoró y se determinó su extracción bajo anestesia local. Se realizó la cirugía sin complicaciones y se derivó al paciente a la clínica de ortodoncia. Conclusiones: En el presente reporte se pudo observar que llevando un buen control del caso y con la ayuda de estudios radiográficos se puede lograr un avance significativo sin dañar la integridad bucal del paciente en un futuro. Significancia clínica: El diagnóstico precoz puede mejorar con ayuda de los diversos tipos de radiografías disponibles en odontología, así se evitan complicaciones al paciente infantil.


Introduction: Hyperdontia is a number anomaly in which teeth or structures similar to teeth are formed in excess of the normal amount, resulting in supernumerary dental organs. Case presentation: a male patient 7 years 11 months of age with mixed dentition and delayed eruption of the central and upper lateral incisors presented for evaluation. The panoramic radiograph showed a radiopaque area between the permanent upper central incisor (OD 21) and the permanent upper lateral incisor (OD 22). A supernumerary tooth was diagnosed. With the help of an occlusal and a periapical radiograph of the area, the tooth was evaluated and an extraction under local anesthesia was planned. The surgery was performed without complications and the patient was referred to the orthodontic clinic. Conclusions: In the present report, we note that time intervention and with the help of radiographic studies, a significant result can be achieved without damaging the patient's future oral integrity. Early diagnosis can be improved with the help of the various types of radiographs available in dentistry, thus avoiding complications in infants.

9.
Rev. colomb. ciencias quim. farm ; 47(2): 233-253, maio-ago. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978270

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La neurotransmisión dopaminérgica interviene en los mecanismos que involucran los procesos motores, cognoscitivos, conductuales y neurocrinos y su mal funcionamiento la involucra en los trastornos neurodegenerativos que afectan al sistema nervioso central (SNC), tales como en la enfermedad de Parkinson y la enfermedad de Huntington, entre otras. Con el propósito de encontrar una solución terapéutica a estas patologías, en publicaciones anteriores hemos reportado la síntesis, la evaluación farmacológica y el estudio teórico computacional de los compuestos análogos mono y dihidroxilados (sobre el anillo indano) del N-aralquil-2-aminoindano 4-8, análogos 4,7-dimetoxi-2-aminoindano-N-aralquil, bajo sus formas metoxiladas sobre el anillo bencénico del fragmento aralquil 9 y el derivado fenólico 10, así como también los análogos diclorados del N-aralquil-2-aminoindano 11 con actividades dopaminérgicas centrales. En el presente trabajo se sintetizaron los clorhidratos del 2-aminoindano- N-[2-(mono o dimetoxi)-fenil)-1-metil-etil] 12-15 y su evaluación farmacológica mostraron respuestas agonísticas como potenciales agentes antihuntington y antipárkinson.


SUMMARY Dopaminergic neurotransmission is implicated in mechanisms that involve motor, cognoscitive, conductual and neurocrine process, and its malfunction involucrates it in neurodegenerative disorders affecting central nervous system (CNS), like Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, among others. On the purpose of finding some therapeutic for these pathologies, in previous researches we have reported synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and theoretical computational study of compounds analogues mono or di hydroxilated (on indane ring) of N-aralkyl-2-aminoindane 4-8, analogues 4,7-dimethoxy-2-aminoindane-N-aralkyl, under its methoxylated forms on benzene ring of aralkyl fragment 9 and phenolic derivate 10, also dichlorade analogs of N-aralkyl-2-aminoindane 11 with central dopaminergic activities. In this work were synthesized hydrochlorides of 2-aminoindane-N-[(mono or di methoxy)-phenyl-1-methyl-ethyl] (12-15) and its pharmacologic evaluation showed agonistic responses as potential agents anti Huntington and/or anti Parkinson.

10.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 56(1): 98-105, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29368902

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Calendula officinalis is a phytodrug used as analgesic, antiseptic and wound-healing agent due to its collagenogenic effect, which is why it is a convenient and affordable treatment that promotes alveolar bone preservation after tooth extraction in vivo. The aim of this study was to use Calendula officinalis during and after tooth extraction to determine its ability to preserve bone after this procedure. METHODS: We established two groups matched by age, gender and position of the third molar. We used with patients on the experimental group Calendula officinalis diluted 10% as an irrigant during surgical extraction of third molars. We performed the conventional way with the control group irrigating with saline solution. Subsequently, both groups continued to make mouthwash for a week with the irrigating agent. Every week for a month, each patient underwent periapical radiography, out of which we took measurements of alveolar ridges and depth of alveolar bone, which were compared. CONCLUSIONS: There is statistically significant evidence to state that Calendula officinalis favorably affects bone preservation after extraction.


INTRODUCCIÓN: la Calendula officinalis es un fitofármaco al que se le atribuyen múltiples usos, entre los que destacan el de analgésico, antiséptico y cicatrizante por su efecto colagenogénico, lo que lo hace un tratamiento conveniente y económico que favorece la preservación ósea alveolar después de la extracción dental in vivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue utilizar la Calendula officinalis durante y después de la extracción dental para determinar si tiene capacidad de preservación ósea después de la extracción. MÉTODOS: se seleccionaron dos grupos pareados por edad, género y posición del tercer molar. A un grupo experimental se le aplicó Calendula officinalis diluida al 10% en solución fisiológica como agente irrigante durante la extracción quirúrgica del tercer molar. Al grupo control se le realizó el procedimiento de manera convencional irrigando con solución fisiológica. Posteriormente ambos grupos continuaron realizando colutorios durante una semana con el agente irrigante. Durante un mes a cada paciente se le realizó semanalmente la toma de radiografía periapical con radiovisiógrafo a la cual se le tomaron medidas de crestas alveolares y profundidad alveolar que fueron comparadas. CONCLUSIONES: existe evidencia estadísticamente significativa para afirmar que la Calendula officinalis influye favorablemente en la preservación ósea posterior a la extracción.


Subject(s)
Alveolar Bone Loss/prevention & control , Calendula , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use , Phytotherapy/methods , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Tooth Extraction , Adolescent , Adult , Alveolar Bone Loss/etiology , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Postoperative Care/methods , Prospective Studies , Therapeutic Irrigation , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
11.
Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) ; 8(4): 155-158, 2018 Dec 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30719333

ABSTRACT

We determined the association between having a history of surgery and the seroreactivity to T. gondii. An age- and gender-matched case-control study of 391 subjects with a history of surgery and 391 subjects without this history was performed. Sera of subjects were analyzed for detection of anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) antibodies using enzyme-linked immunoassays. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 25 (6.4%) of the 391 cases and in 21 (5.4%) of the 391 controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-2.18; P = 0.54). The frequency of cases with high IgG antibody levels (10/25: 40.0%) was equal to that found in controls (8/21: 38.1%) (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.32-3.56; P = 0.89). Of the 25 anti-T. gondii IgG antibody seropositive cases, 5 (16.0%) were also positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Meanwhile, of the 21 anti-T. gondii IgG antibody seropositive controls, 4 (19.0%) were also positive for anti-T gondii IgM antibodies (OR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.17-3.72; P = 0.80). Logistic regression showed that only the variable "hysterectomy" was associated with T. gondii seropositivity (OR = 4.6; 95% CI: 1.6-13.4; P = 0.005). Results suggest that having a history of surgery is not an important risk factor for infection with T. gondii. However, the link between T. gondii infection and hysterectomy should be further investigated.

12.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 44(1)abr. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1506938

ABSTRACT

Los dientes que erupcionan antes de tiempo, desde el nacimiento o posterior a éste, son denominados comúnmente dientes natales o neonatales. Se clasifican de acuerdo al grado de maduración o apariencia. La prevalencia varía de 1 en 44 a 1 en 30,000 nacimientos. Son más frecuentes los dientes natales que los neonatales. Por lo general, pertenecen a la dentición primaria, ocurren de forma bilateral y predominan entre las mujeres. Todavía de etiología desconocida, la teoría más aceptable es que el germen dental tiene una localización superficial. Clínicamente se ven como dientes primarios normales, suelen ser más pequeños, algunas veces de forma cónica. Generalmente son móviles por la falta de formación radicular y presentan alteraciones del esmalte; pueden revelar una apariencia inmadura con hipoplasia del esmalte de bordes irregulares y agudos; su coloración puede ser marrón-amarillento / opaco blanquecino. Radiográficamente hay ausencia de raíz. Histológicamente, la mayoría de los dientes natales y neonatales pueden seguir un patrón de mineralización normal, pero también presentan alteraciones tanto en el esmalte como en la dentina. Otros descubrimientos incluyen ausencia de la capa basal de Weil, vaina de Hertwig y cemento; además de un incremento en el número de vasos sanguíneos dilatados en la pulpa. El tratamiento debe ser adaptado a cada diente y cada niño. Los tratamientos disponibles son: la extracción o el mantenimiento del diente en la arcada. La complicación más común de los dientes neonatales o natales es la ulceración traumática de la parte ventral de la lengua debido a la fricción, llamada úlcera de Riga Fede. No hay reporte de broncoaspiración. El tratamiento de los dientes natales y neonatales deben valorarse con mucho cuidado; estimando su movilidad, integridad, compromiso de la alimentación y la presencia de alguna úlcera.


Teeth that erupt early are commonly referred to as natal or neonatal teeth. They can be classified according to the degree of maturity or appearance. Their prevalence varies from 1 in 44 to 1 in 30,000 births. Natal teeth are more frequent than neonatal teeth, and they often belong to the primary dentition; they occur bilaterally and principally among women. The etiology of these teeth is unknown, and the most acceptable theory is that the tooth germ is located superficially. Clinically, they resemble normal primary teeth, although they are often smaller and sometimes conical. They are generally characterized by a lack of root formation, changes in enamel and dentin, an immature appearance with hypoplastic enamel and sharp irregular and edges, and yellowish-brown/white opaque coloration. Radiographically there is no root. Histologically, most natal and neonatal teeth may follow a pattern of normal mineralization, but also have alterations in both enamel and dentin. Other findings include absence of the basal layer of Weil, Hertwig's sheath and cement; besides an increase in the number of blood vessels in dilated pulp. Treatment should be tailored to each tooth and each child. Available treatments include extraction or maintenance of the tooth in the arch. The most common complication of neonatal teeth or natal is traumatic ulceration of the ventral portion of the tongue due to friction, called Fede-Riga disease (ulcer). No reports of aspiration exist in the literature. The treatment of natal and neonatal teeth should be assessed very carefully to estimate their mobility, integrity, feeding baby, and the presence of some ulcers.

13.
Rev. Soc. Colomb. Oftalmol ; 49(4): 268-279, 2016. ilus. tab. graf.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-905178

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comparar el desempeño clínico de la tonometría por aplanación de Goldmann ( TAG) y la medida por el Analizador de Respuesta Ocular (ORA) en una serie no consecutiva de casos con glaucoma o con sospecha de glaucoma, así como valorar la concordancia y la consistencia de las PIO medidas entre los dos métodos. Métodos: A los pacientes se les realizó evaluación oftalmológica integral, tonometría por aplanación de Goldmann, la medición de las propiedades biomecánicas de la córnea (incluida la PIO ajustada) empleando el ORA, campos visuales y un análisis imagenológico de los discos ópticos y la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica. Se aplicó la prueba t de Student para variables independientes para comparar las diferencias en los promedios de las variables continuas y las pruebas no paramétricas chi cuadrada y U de Mann-Whitney para comparar las diferencias en proporciones de variables categóricas. Se determinó el grado de correlación entre los métodos tonométricos (TAG vs. ORA), empleando el coeficiente de Pearson, así como el coeficiente de variación para las mediciones duplicadas por los dos métodos tonométricos. Por último, se utilizó el método comparativo de Bland-Altman que grafica la dispersión de las diferencias en la medición. Se consideró un valor de P < 0.05 como estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Se incluyeron 210 ojos (106 individuos), con una edad promedio de 61 años (D.E. ± 13.1), siendo la mayoría mujeres (64%) y portadores de glaucoma (62%). La PIO entre ojos con los diversos métodos no fue diferente (P > 0.05). La PIO media determinada por TAG (OD 14.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg, OI 14.5 ± 4.2 mm Hg) fue significativamente menor (P < 0.0001) que la medida por ORA (OD 18.4 ± 4.8 mm Hg, OI 17.9 ± 5.0 mm Hg) y no guardaron una correlación (OD, r = 0.15; OI r = 0.46). El coeficiente de variación para el OD (TAG vs.ORA) fue de 31% y para el OI de 25.8%. Conclusiones: La determinación de PIO medida por ORA difiere significativamente de la determinada por TAG y no parece guardar una correlación entre métodos (en ambos ojos) de la muestra analizada, tal como lo demuestran los hallazgos.


Purpose: To compare the clinical performance of Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) vs Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) measurements in a non-consecutive case series of glaucoma or glaucoma suspects; to assess the concordance and consistency of the IOPs measured between the two methods. Methods: Th e patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation: GAT, measurement of the biomedical properties of the cornea (including adjusted IOP) using the ORA, visual fields and an image analysis of optical disks and nerve fiber layer of the retina using optical coherence tomography. The Student's test for independent variables was used to compare the differences in the mean of the continuous variables and the non-parametric tests of the chi square and Mann-Whitney for the differences in the proportions of categorical variables. The degree of correlation between the tonometric methods (GAT vs ORA), using the Pearson coeffi cient, as well as the coefficient of variation for the measurements duplicated by the two tonometric methods was used. Bland-Altman method was also used. A value of P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We included 210 eyes (106 patients), with a mean age of 61 years (64%), 62% had glaucoma. The IOP between eyes with the different methods was not statistical different (P> 0.05). The mean IOP determined by GAT (OD 14.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg, OI 14.5 ± 4.2 mm Hg) was lower (P <0.0001) than that measured by ORA (OD 18.4 ± 4.8 mm Hg, OS 17.9 ± 5.0 mm Hg). No correlation wasfounded (OD, r = 0.15; OS r = 0.46). The coefficient of variation for the OD (GAT vs. ORA) was 31% and for the OS of 25.8%. Conclusions: IOP measurements by ORA differ significantly from the GAT determination and apparently there is no correlation between methods (in both eyes)."


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Eye Diseases , Glaucoma , Intraocular Pressure
14.
Rev Invest Clin ; 66(2): 157-63, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24960326

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE. To characterize utilization of oral hygiene devices and customs in schoolchildren. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We performed a cross-sectional study in 1,404 schoolchildren (6- 12 year olds) from 14 public schools in Pachuca, Hidalgo, México, using a questionnaire for sociodemographic variables and 1) Tooth brushing frequency (<1/d vs. at least 1/d), 2) Use of toothpaste (not always vs. always), 3) Flossing (never, does not know vs. at least 1/week), 4) Use of mouthwash (never, does not know vs. at least 1/week). Analyses were performed with nonparametric tests. RESULTS. Mean age was 8.97 ± 1.99 years; 50.1% were male. Prevalence of utilization of oral hygiene devices and associated customs were 85.5% tooth brushing, 90.9% toothpaste, 19.4% flossing, and 28.2% mouthwash. Only 11.8% of participants reported utilization in all 4 categories. We observed differences (p < 0.05) across sexes only in the use of toothpaste, as women used it more often. Differences across age were observed (p < 0.05) for tooth brushing (younger children brushed more often) and flossing (older children flossed more often). CONCLUSIONS. Tooth brushing was the oral hygiene practice more often performed in this sample, with other frequencies being relatively low. There were differences by age and sex across some variables.


Subject(s)
Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Devices, Home Care/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Mouthwashes , Oral Hygiene/methods , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Toothbrushing/statistics & numerical data
15.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 5(4)2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-450702

ABSTRACT

Es bien conocido en el mundo el uso de la hidroxiapatita como material de implante para la restauración de defectos óseos. El presente estudio experimental tuvo como objetivo determinar la histocompatibilidad y las propiedades de osteoconducción y biodegradación del APAFILL-G: hidroxiapatita sintética obtenida por el método de ceramización, desarrollada por el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de La Habana. Para esta experiencia, se emplearon 10 perros Beagle, a los cuales se les realizaron implantes de APAFILL-G en fémur y mandíbula, con sus corres-pondientes controles; fueron sacrificados a los tres y seis meses y al año y dos años de implantados; se obtuvieron muestras de tejido del área de implantación que fueron fijadas en formol neutro y procesadas, previa descalcificación, por el método de inclusión en Parafina y coloreadas con Hematoxilina y Eosina. El estudio se realizó con microscopio óptico. Los resultados permitieron determinar que el APAFILL-G resultó ser histocompatible, osteoconductor y no se observaron signos de biodegradación en ninguna de las muestras en los diferentes períodos estu-diados. Estos resultados corroboran los estudios realizados por otros autores en el mundo


Subject(s)
Durapatite , Prostheses and Implants
16.
Humanidad. med ; 2(3): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-738479

ABSTRACT

El protagonismo de los jóvenes tiene raíces en nuestra historia. Fueron precisamente jóvenes los que se alzaron contra el colonialismo español y figuras como Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Ignacio Agramonte y José Martí iluminaron y enseñaron a la generación del centenario encabezada por Fidel Castro a luchar por las ideas de independencia y soberanía, esta misma batalla es la que hoy libran nuestros jóvenes, precisamente por la importancia del protagonismo estudiantil, se realizó un estudio transversal prospectivo en el Instituto Politécnico de Enfermería “Lidia Doce Sánchez” durante el curso 2001 - 2002, nos auxiliamos de la observación de las actividades curriculares y extracurriculares, además de la entrevista a dirigentes estudiantiles, tomamos como universo los 70 estudiantes que fueron matricula del centro y una muestra de 60 estudiantes, conformada con los tres años que cursan estudios, 23 de primero, 25 de segundo y 12 de tercero. Los datos obtenidos se procesaron y se resumieron en tablas estadísticas. Se utilizaron variables como la asistencia y participación a las diferentes actividades, matutinos, vespertinos, información política, programas audiovisuales y otras. Se alcanzaron índices mayores de participación y mayor nivel de calidad y se destacaron con por cientos más significativos los programas audiovisuales, las asambleas integrales y otras actividades, no sólo en el incremento de la asistencia sino también en la calidad de la participación.


The leadership of young people has deep roots in our history. They were precisely the ones that rebelled against Spanish colonialism, and personalities such as Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, Ignacio Agramonte and José Martí illuminated and taught the “Centennial Generation” headed by Fidel Castro to fight for the ideas of independence and sovereignty. This same battle is the one that our youth faces nowadays, but in order to achieve students' protagonism. A prospective transversal study in “Lidia Doce Sánchez” Polytechnic Institute of Nursing was carried out during the course 2001-2002. The authors of this work made use of observations to the students' curricular and extracurricular activities. Besides, interviews to the students' leaders were also helpful. The research group included the 70 students registered in the school, and from this a sample of 60 students of the three years was selected, 23 coursing the first year, 25 the second year and 12 the third. The data obtained was processed with a calculator CEDAR CD-337 and summarized in statistical charts. Variables as school attendance and participation in the different activities, such as school meetings, political information, audiovisual programs and others were used. Higher levels of participation and quality were achieved mainly in activities related to the audiovisual programs, integral assemblies and other activities.

17.
Centro méd ; 39(1): 22-9, ene. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-148167

ABSTRACT

39 niños, entre 5 y 12 años con crisis de asma bronquial fueron tratados con terbutalina, 15 por la vía inhalatoria y 15 por vía subcutánea. al comparar los resultados obtenidos la mejoría clínica y espirométrica resultó ser semejante para los dos grupos estudiados


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Asthma/therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Status Asthmaticus/therapy , Terbutaline/administration & dosage , Terbutaline/therapeutic use
18.
Rev. cuba. oncol ; 6(2): 265-9, mayo-ago. 1990. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-92544

ABSTRACT

El papel de las células asesinas naturales (NK) en la respuesta antitumoral y en la respuesta antimetastizante del organismo ha sido ampliamente evaluada. Es por eso que en nuestro estudio analizamos el efecto de 3 biopolímeros de origen natural (marino) producidos en nuestro instituto sobre este elemento de la inmunidad no específico. En nuestro trabajo experimental observamos que los productos 22CM062 y 22M016 resultaron ser notables activadores de la función de este tipo de células mientras el producto 22V117 se mostró inefectivo


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Proteoglycans/pharmacology
19.
Rev. cuba. oncol ; 6(2): 270-4, mayo-ago. 1990. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-92545

ABSTRACT

Es altamente conocido el papel que desempeñan los macrófagos en el proceso de inhibición de la metastización. En el presente trabajo reportamos los resultados obtenidos al evaluar 3 biopolímeros de origen marino producidos en nuestro instituto sobre dos funciones características de estas células. Nosotros encontramos que los productos 22CM062 y 22V117 estimularon notablemente la actividad quimioluminiscente y citostática de estas células, mientras que el producto 22M016 produjo un efecto poco notable.


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Macrophages/drug effects , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Proteoglycans/pharmacology
20.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 1(3): 225-34, sept.-dic. 1985. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-118653

ABSTRACT

Se analiza el estudio retrospectivo de algunos factores que se han tomado en consideración como causa de algunas malformaciones congénitas en 49 madres de niños con hidrocefalia y defectos del cierre de tubo neural. Se estudian las malformaciones, de las cuales, la más frecuente es la hidrocefalia congénita


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Neural Tube Defects/epidemiology , Hydrocephalus/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
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