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1.
Adv Mater ; : e2407718, 2024 Aug 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39194367

ABSTRACT

Photo-assisted Zn-air batteries can accelerate the kinetics of oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions (ORR/OER); however, challenges such as rapid charge carrier recombination and continuous electrolyte evaporation remain. Herein, for the first time, piezoelectric catalysis is introduced in a photo-assisted Zn-air battery to improve carrier separation capability and accelerate the ORR/OER kinetics of the photoelectric cathode. The designed microhelical catalyst exploits simple harmonic vibrations to regenerate the built-in electric field continuously. Specifically, in the presence of the low-frequency kinetic energy that occurs during water flow, the piezoelectric-photocoupling catalyst of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)@ferric oxide(Fe@P(V-T)) is periodically deformed, generating a constant reconfiguration of the built-in electric field that separates photogenerated electrons and holes continuously. Further, on exposure to microvibrations, the gap between the charge and discharge potentials of the Fe@P(V-T)-based photo-assisted Zn-air battery is reduced by 1.7 times compared to that without piezoelectric assistance, indicating that piezoelectric catalysis is highly effective for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. This study provides a thorough understanding of coupling piezoelectric polarization and photo-assisted strategy in the field of energy storage and opens a fresh perspective for the investigation of multi-field coupling-assisted Zn-air batteries.

2.
Mar Pollut Bull ; 206: 116732, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39033600

ABSTRACT

Assessing water exchange capability is an essential step to understand the vulnerability of waterbody to potential pollution. To characterize the spatiotemporal variations of water exchange rate in Hong Kong waters, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and transport model was implemented. In this study, water residence time (Tre) representing the water exchange rate was <10 days in open waters but exceeded 60 days in weakly-flushed Tolo Harbour. Sensitivity experiments revealed that river discharge accelerated water exchange in western areas, especially during the wet season, causing 45 % ~ 37 % declines in regional Tre. Conversely, tidal currents were the primary limiting factor, particularly during winter. Furthermore, the seasonal reversal of vertical Tre difference in Mirs Bay demonstrated how intrusion water facilitates water exchange by dilution effects. This comprehensive assessment of coastal water exchange capability not only enhances understanding of local marine pollution distribution but also informs coastal management strategies, which can be applied to other coastal water areas.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Seasons , Seawater , Water Movements , Hong Kong , Seawater/chemistry , Rivers/chemistry , Hydrodynamics
3.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; : e202411845, 2024 Jul 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39031481

ABSTRACT

Chemically self-recharging zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), which are capable of auto-recharging in ambient air, are promising in self-powered battery systems. Nevertheless, the exclusive reliance on chemical energy from oxygen for ZIBs charging often would bring some obstacles in charging efficiency. Herein, we develop photo-assisted chemically self-recharging aqueous ZIBs with a heterojunction of MoS2/SnO2 cathode, which are favorable to enhancing both the charging and discharging efficiency as well as the chemical self-charging capabilities under illumination. The photo-assisted process promotes the electron transfer from MoS2/SnO2 to oxygen, accelerating the occurrence of the oxidation reaction during chemical self-charging. Furthermore, the electrons within the MoS2/SnO2 cathode exhibit a low transfer impedance under illumination, which is beneficial to reducing the migration barrier of Zn2+ within the cathode and thereby facilitating the uniform inserting of Zn2+ into MoS2/SnO2 cathode during discharging. This photo-assisted chemical self-recharging mechanism enables ZIBs to attain a maximum self-charging potential of 0.95 V within 3 hours, a considerable self-charging capacity of 202.5 mAh g-1 and excellent cycling performance in a self-charging mode. This work not only provides a route for optimizing chemical self-charging energy storage, but also broadens the potential application of aqueous ZIBs.

4.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 62(44): e202311739, 2023 Oct 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37723129

ABSTRACT

Rechargeable lithium-oxygen (Li-O2 ) batteries with high theoretical energy density are considered as promising candidates for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, whereas their commercial application is hindered due to poor cyclic stability caused by the sluggish kinetics and cathode passivation. Herein, the intrinsic stress originated from the growth and decomposition of the discharge product (lithium peroxide, Li2 O2 ) is employed as a microscopic pressure resource to induce the built-in electric field, further improving the reaction kinetics and interfacial Lithium ion (Li+ ) transport during cycling. Piezopotential caused by the intrinsic stress-strain of solid Li2 O2 is capable of providing the driving force for the separation and transport of carriers, enhancing the Li+ transfer, and thus improving the redox reaction kinetics of Li-O2 batteries. Combined with a variety of in situ characterizations, the catalytic mechanism of barium titanate (BTO), a typical piezoelectric material, was systematically investigated, and the effect of stress-strain transformation on the electrochemical reaction kinetics and Li+ interface transport for the Li-O2 batteries is clearly established. The findings provide deep insight into the surface coupling strategy between intrinsic stress and electric fields to regulate the electrochemical reaction kinetics behavior and enhance the interfacial Li+ transport for battery system.

5.
Chinese Journal of Cardiology ; (12): 66-72, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-969744

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the efficacy of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and coronary angiography guided drug eluting stent (DES) implantation for the treatment of left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesions. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies, which compared IVUS with coronary angiography guided DES implantation for the treatment of LMCA lesions published before August 2021 were searched in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Baseline data, interventional procedures and endpoint events of each study were collected. The primary endpoint was major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE), and the secondary endpoints were all-cause death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR) and target vessel revascularization (TVR). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool were used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Results: Nine studies were included, including 3 RCT and 6 observational studies, with a total of 5 527 cases of LMCA. All the 6 observational studies had NOS scores≥6, and the 3 RCT had a low risk of overall bias. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with coronary angiography guided group, MACE rate (OR=0.55, 95%CI 0.47-0.66, P<0.001), all-cause death (OR=0.56, 95%CI 0.43-0.74, P<0.001), cardiac death (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.30-0.61, P<0.001), MI (OR=0.64, 95%CI 0.52-0.79, P<0.001), TLR (OR=0.49, 95%CI 0.28-0.86, P=0.013) and TVR (OR=0.77, 95%CI 0.60-0.98, P=0.037) were all significantly lower in the IVUS guided group. Conclusions: Compared with angiography guided, IVUS guided PCI with DES implantation in LMCA lesions could significantly reduce the risk of MACE, death, MI, TLR and TVR. IVUS is thus superior to coronary angiography for guiding PCI treatment among patients with LMCA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Coronary Artery Disease/complications , Coronary Angiography , Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods , Risk Factors , Myocardial Infarction/etiology
6.
Comput Methods Programs Biomed ; 227: 107213, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36356386

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a novel strategy to localize anomalies in the arterial network based on its response to controlled transient waves. The idea is borrowed from system identification theories in which wave reflections can render significant information about a target system. Cardiovascular system studies often focus on the waves originating from the heart pulsations, which are of low bandwidth and, hence, can hardly carry information about the arteries with the desired resolution. METHODS: Our strategy uses a relatively higher bandwidth transient signal to characterize healthy and unhealthy arterial networks through a frequency response function (FRF). We tested our novel approach on data simulated using a one-dimensional cardiovascular model that produced pulse waves in the larger arteries of the arterial network. Specifically, we excited the blood flow from the brachial artery with a relatively high bandwidth flow disturbance and collected the subsequent pressure waveform at peripheral positions. To better differentiate FRFs of healthy and unhealthy networks, we used a FRF that removes the effects of heart pulsations. RESULTS: Results demonstrate the ability of the proposed FRF to detect and follow-up on the development of a common carotid artery (CCA) stenosis. We tested distinct geometrical variations of the stenosis (size, length and position) and observed differences between the FRFs of healthy and unhealthy networks in all cases; such differences were mainly due to geometrical variations determined by the stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: We have provided a theoretical proof of concept that demonstrates the ability of our novel strategy to detect and track the development of CCA stenosis by using peripheral pressure waves that can be measured non-invasively in clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Carotid Stenosis , Humans , Constriction, Pathologic , Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging , Brachial Artery/physiology , Models, Cardiovascular , Computer Simulation , Blood Pressure/physiology , Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Arteries/physiology
7.
ACS Nano ; 16(8): 12364-12376, 2022 Aug 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35914235

ABSTRACT

At present, photoassisted Li-air batteries are considered to be an effective approach to overcome the sluggish reaction kinetics of the Li-air batteries. And, the organic liquid electrolyte is generally adopted by the current conventional photoassisted Li-air batteries. However, the superior catalytic activity of photoassisted cathode would in turn fasten the degradation of the organic liquid electrolyte, leading to limited battery cycling life. Herein, we tame the above limitation of the traditional liquid electrolyte system for Li-CO2 batteries by constructing a photoassisted all-solid-state Li-CO2 battery with an integrated bilayer Au@TiO2/Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP)/LAGP (ATLL) framework, which can essentially improve battery stability. Taking advantage of photoelectric and photothermal effects, the Au@TiO2/LAGP layer enables the acceleration of the slow kinetics of the carbon dioxide reduction reaction and evolution reaction processes. The LAGP layer could resolve the problem of liquid electrolyte decomposition under illumination. The integrated double-layer LAGP framework endows the direct transportation of heat and Li+ in the entire system. The photoassisted all-solid-state Li-CO2 battery achieves an ultralow polarization of 0.25 V with illumination, as well as a high round-trip efficiency of 92.4%. Even at an extremely low temperature of -73 °C, the battery can still deliver a small polarization of 0.6 V by converting solar energy into heat to achieve self-heating. This study is not limited to the Li-air batteries but can also be applied to other battery systems, constituting a significant step toward the practical application of all-solid-state photoassisted Li-air batteries.

8.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 14(28): 32105-32111, 2022 Jul 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35791739

ABSTRACT

A nitro-decorated microporous covalent organic framework, TpPa-NO2, has been synthesized in a gram scale with a one-pot reaction. It can effectively selectively separate C2H4 from a C2H2/C2H4/CO2 mixture and capture CO2 from CO2/N2 based on ideal adsorption solution theory calculations and transient breakthrough experiments. Theoretical calculations illustrated that the hydrogen atoms of imine bonds, carbonyl oxygen, and nitro group show high affinity toward C2H2 and CO2, playing vital roles in efficient separation.

9.
Adv Mater ; 34(10): e2107826, 2022 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35266208

ABSTRACT

Photoassisted electrochemical reaction is regarded as an effective approach to reduce the overpotential of lithium-oxygen (Li-O2 ) batteries. However, the achievement of both broadband absorption and long term battery cycling stability are still a formidable challenge. Herein, an oxygen vacancy-mediated fast kinetics for a photoassisted Li-O2 system is developed with a silver/bismuth molybdate (Ag/Bi2 MoO6 ) hybrid cathode. The cathode can offer both double advantages for light absorption covering UV to visible region and excellent electrochemical activity for O2 . Upon discharging, the photoexcited electrons from Ag nanoplate based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) are injected into the oxygen vacancy in Bi2 MoO6 . The fast oxygen reaction kinetics generate the amorphous Li2 O2 , and the discharge plateau is improved to 3.05 V. Upon charging, the photoexcited holes are capable to decompose amorphous Li2 O2 promptly, yielding a very low charge plateau of 3.25 V. A first cycle round-trip efficiency is 93.8% and retention of 70% over 500 h, which is the longest cycle life ever reported in photoassisted Li-O2 batteries. This work offers a general and reliable strategy for boosting the electrochemical kinetics by tailoring the crystalline of Li2 O2 with wide-band light.

11.
Water Res ; 204: 117594, 2021 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34474249

ABSTRACT

Hydraulic modeling of a foul sewer system (FSS) enables a better understanding of the behavior of the system and its effective management. However, there is generally a lack of sufficient field measurement data for FSS model development due to the low number of in-situ sensors for data collection. To this end, this study proposes a new method to develop FSS models based on geotagged information and water consumption data from smart water meters that are readily available. Within the proposed method, each sewer manhole is firstly associated with a particular population whose size is estimated from geotagged data. Subsequently, a two-stage optimization framework is developed to identify daily time-series inflows for each manhole based on physical connections between manholes and population as well as sewer sensor observations. Finally, a new uncertainty analysis method is developed by mapping the probability distributions of water consumption captured by smart meters to the stochastic variations of wastewater discharges. Two real-world FSSs are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed method can significantly outperform the traditional FSS model development approach in accurately simulating the values and uncertainty ranges of FSS hydraulic variables (manhole water depths and sewer flows). The proposed method is promising due to the easy availability of geotagged information as well as water consumption data from smart water meters in near future.


Subject(s)
Craniofacial Dysostosis , Water , Humans , Probability , Sewage , Uncertainty , Wastewater
12.
J Environ Manage ; 284: 112051, 2021 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33515839

ABSTRACT

During the past three decades, harmful algal blooms (HAB) events have been frequently observed in marine waters around many coastal cities in the world including Hong Kong. The increasing occurrence of HAB has caused acute influences and damages on water environment and marine aquaculture with millions of monetary losses. For example, the Tolo Harbour is one of the most affected areas in Hong Kong, where more than 30% HAB occurred. In order to forewarn the potential HAB incidents, the machine learning (ML) methods have been increasingly resorted in modelling and forecasting water quality issues. In this study, two different ML methods - artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) - are implemented and improved by introducing different hybrid learning algorithms for the simulations and comparative analysis of more than 30-year measured data, so as to accurately forecast algal growth and eutrophication in Tolo Harbour in Hong Kong. The application results show the good applicability and accuracy of these two ML methods for the predictions of both trend and magnitude of the algal growth. Specifically, the results reveal that ANN is preferable to achieve satisfactory results with quick response, while the SVM is suitable to accurately identify the optimal model but taking longer training time. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the used ML methods could ensure robustness to learn complicated relationship between algal dynamics and different coastal environmental variables and thereby to identify significant variables accurately. The results analysis and discussion of this study also indicate the potentials and advantages of the applied ML models to provide useful information and implications for understanding the mechanism and process of HAB outbreak and evolution that is helpful to improving the water quality prediction for coastal hydro-environment management.


Subject(s)
Harmful Algal Bloom , Water Quality , Conservation of Natural Resources , Environmental Monitoring , Hong Kong , Machine Learning
13.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-882523

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the effect of rotational errors on the positioning accuracy (PA) and to assess whether correcting rotation in patients with head-neck tumors in radiotherapy or not.Methods:The image information of 34 patients with head-neck tumors treated at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between August 2019 and January 2020 was collected. Mega-voltage computed tomography (MVCT) images of each patient were taken before radiotherapy, and were registered with planned kilo-voltage computed tomography (KVCT) images by two registration methods. All information was divided into control group (translation only) and intervention group (translation and rotation) according to different registration methods, there were 144 fractioned registered images for each group, respectively. The position errors of the two registration methods were recorded and compared. Data were carried out with Wilcoxon signed rank test and Spearman rank correlation.Results:Translational errors of the control group and the intervention group were 0.10 (5.35) mm and 0.00 (5.78) mm in right-left direction, and there was a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.675, P=0.007); 0.75 (2.78) mm and 0.60 (2.68) mm in superior-inferior direction, and there was a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.819, P=0.005); 0.10 (0.90) mm and 0.20 (1.28) mm in anterio-posterior direction, and there was a statistically significant difference ( Z=-3.984, P<0.001). Rotational errors of the intervention group were -0.20 (0.60)°, 0.35 (2.00)°, 0.00 (0.98)° in pitch, roll, yaw, respectively. The distribute of 3D vector corrected frequency for two groups was positively skewed. The corrected cumulative frequency (CCF) varied with 3D vector, 3D vector was 8.0 mm, and 19 F and 16 F fractioned treatments of the control group and the intervention group were not corrected, respectively; 3D vector was between 8.0-13.5 mm, the corrected tendency of the intervention group was slower and fractioned treatment was completed later. The analytical results of Spearman rank correlation showed that rotational errors in pitch were negatively correlated with translational errors of the control group in superior-inferior direction ( r=-0.182, P=0.029) and the intervention group in anterio-osterior direction ( r=-0.484, P<0.001); rotational errors in roll were negatively correlated with translational errors of the intervention group in right-left direction ( r=-0.334, P<0.001); rotational errors in yaw which were positively correlated with translational errors of the intervention group in right-left direction ( r=0.370, P<0.001) were negatively correlated with translational errors of the control group in superior-inferior direction ( r=-0.171, P=0.040) and the same was true for the intervention group ( r=-0.203, P=0.015); total angles were positively correlated and negatively correlated with translational errors of the control group in superior-inferior direction ( r=0.246, P=0.003) and anterio-posterior direction ( r=-0.188, P=0.024), and positively correlated with 3D vector of the control group ( r=0.198, P=0.017), total angles were positively correlated with translational errors of the intervention group in superior-inferior direction ( r=0.170, P=0.041) and with 3D vector of the intervention group ( r=0.239, P=0.004); there were no correlations between rotational errors and the other translational errors (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Although the corrected rotation increases translational errors in anterio-posterior direction and 3D vector, it improves PA for head-neck tumors in radiotherapy. When rotational errors are not corrected, rotational offsets are present with corrected translation to decrease its effect on PA.

14.
Infect Drug Resist ; 13: 3187-3193, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32982333

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors, pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance of systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Bx), 329 cases of TRUS-Bx were collected, retrospectively, in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Military Medical University, from April 2017 to October 2019. METHODS: A total of 329 cases were all qualified and grouped into the SIRS group (25 cases) and the non-SIRS group (304 cases). Of all the cases, incidence and risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were analyzed. Urine and blood samples of patients with SIRS after TRUS-Bx were also collected for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.34-2.12, P <0.001), history of diabetes (OR = 5.48, 95% CI = 1.53-19.68, P = 0.008), urinary infection before operation (OR = 9.19, 95% CI = 2.92-20.93, P < 0.001) and erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) ≥ 20 mm/h (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.08, P = 0.039) were independent risk factors of SIRS after TURS-PB. CONCLUSION: The incidence of SIRS and urinary sepsis was 7.59% and 2.13%, respectively, and major pathogens of SIRS after TRUS-Bx were Escherichia coli (58.33%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.5%). Imipenem, meropenem, tigecycline, piperacillin/tazobactam, teicoplanin, vancomycin, amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam had a very strong inhibitory effect to those pathogenic bacteria (sensitivity 85.72%~100%). Levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, penicillin G, compound neonomine and second-generation cephalosporins showed less but also worked as a good inhibitor to pathogenic bacteria (42.86%~80.95%).

15.
Sci Total Environ ; 737: 139705, 2020 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32783821

ABSTRACT

Since the establishment of the world-class Three Gorges Dam (TGD) across the Yangtze River, China, the downstream reach has experienced a long-term adjustment with regard to the river morphology and hydrodynamics, imposing a profound impact on the environmental conditions of human living and aquatic ecosystem. This study presents an investigation on the river channel morphological characteristics and hydrodynamic environment of a large bifurcation-confluence complex downstream of the TGD through detailed field survey and numerical modeling. Results show that the main stem, before being bifurcated into two sub-channels (the North Channel and the South Channel), experiences a meander, leading to the severe bed scouring near the outer bank (pools) resulted from a high flow mass flux and bed shear stress. Because of being bifurcated, the river width with largely growing may result in the reduction of flow velocity and sediment deposition (riffles), and thereby two plugbars are formed near the entrance of two sub-channels. In the meantime, the velocity-reversal phenomenon (flow velocity and friction velocity) is identified when low flows are transited into high flows. The flow mass flux, however, is always larger in pool regions, which is highly related to water depth. As a result, the topographic steering of flows by riffles, bars and floodplains may have more impact on flow path under low flow conditions, while the bankline shape would become more important under high flows. Furthermore, the topographic steering could play a key role in the pattern of flow separations near the confluence. More interestingly, the confluence flow separation only occurs under low flow conditions and its occurring location shifts upwards the tributary (the North Channel), which differs from observations in previous studies. The visualized numerical results of friction velocity distribution indicate that sediment is more likely to deposit in the North Channel (entrance) with lower friction velocity, implying the potential closure of the sub-channel.

16.
Nat Commun ; 11(1): 2191, 2020 May 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32366827

ABSTRACT

Lithium-oxygen batteries with ultrahigh energy density have received considerable attention as of the future energy storage technologies. The development of effective electrocatalysts and a corresponding working mechanism during cycling are critically important for lithium-oxygen batteries. Here, a single cobalt atom electrocatalyst is synthesized for lithium-oxygen batteries by a polymer encapsulation strategy. The isolated moieties of single atom catalysts can effectively regulate the distribution of active sites to form micrometre-sized flower-like lithium peroxide and promote the decomposition of lithium peroxide by a one-electron pathway. The battery with single cobalt atoms can operate with high round-trip efficiency (86.2%) and long-term stability (218 days), which is superior to a commercial 5 wt% platinum/carbon catalyst. We reveal that the synergy between a single atom and the support endows the catalyst with excellent stability and durability. The promising results provide insights into the design of highly efficient catalysts for lithium-oxygen batteries and greatly expand the scope of future investigation.

17.
ACS Nano ; 14(3): 3281-3289, 2020 Mar 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32119516

ABSTRACT

A number of inherent and thorny obstacles still stand in the way of the practical application of Li-O2 batteries, which require development of an advanced lithium anode and O2 cathode. Herein, the strategy of a symmetrical Li-O2 battery is presented. Specifically, Cu nanoneedle arrays with a nanoengineered Au coating are grown directly on a Cu foam substrate (Au/Cu@FCu), which can act as both the anode backbone and the cathode in a Li-O2 battery. The excellent conductivity, high porosity, large specific surface, and superior lithiophilicity as well as high catalytic activity of the Au/Cu@FCu electrodes can simultaneously regulate the deposition behavior of the lithium metal in the anode and catalyze the formation/decomposition of Li2O2 in the cathode. As a result, the Li uniformly deposited on the Au/Cu@FCu anode without Li dendrites, showing a high Coulombic efficiency over 96% and a long and stable cycle lifetime over 970 h. At the same time, the Au/Cu@FCu cathode demonstrates extremely low overpotentials (0.64 V) and a much higher specific capacity of 27 270 mAh g-1 compared to the Li-O2 batteries with a carbon-free cathode reported to date. Moreover, the "ebb and flow" phenomenon of the anode and cathode morphology is also observed in the Li-O2 battery.

18.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 59(6): 2338-2343, 2020 Feb 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31763751

ABSTRACT

An efficient and readily scalable thioetherification between 1,1-diphenylethene (DPE) and sodium arylsulfinate was developed for the synthesis of 1,1-diphenylvinylsulfide (DPVS) with the yield up to 99 %. The photophysical properties of DPVS show that the introduction of arylsulfenyl groups onto the parent molecule DPE makes DPVS a novel type of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (AIEgen) with large Stoke's shift (up to 188 nm). These DPVS possess AIE properties due to restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM), as demonstrated by crystal structure analysis. Importantly, the AIE performance of DPVS can be applied to sense the nitroaromatic explosive picric acid in aqueous systems through a "turn-off" response.

19.
Cancer Manag Res ; 11: 5871-5882, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31303793

ABSTRACT

Background: ZNF488 acts as an oncogene which promotes cell invasion and endows tumor cells stem cell capacity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics and patients' survival in NPC remain undefined. Methods: In this study, 158 cases of confirmed NPC were subjected to immunohistochemistry staining for evaluating endogenous expression. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate the survival rates. The relationship between ZNF488 and clinicopathological characteristics was statistically calculated by chi-squared test, univariate and multivariate analysis. In addition, adhesion assay, MTT and colony formation assays were performed for measuring adhesion and proliferation capacity. Cell cycle analysis via flow cytometry was conducted to explore cell cycle distribution. Western blot was used to detect pathway protein levels, and the pFAK (Y397) kit was used for focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation. Results: We demonstrated that high expression of ZNF488 was significantly correlated with locoregional failure (P=0.018) and distant metastasis (P=0.001). Patients with high ZNF488 expression had poorer overall survival (P<0.001), loco-regional recurrence-free survival (P<0.001), distance metastasis-free survival (P<0.001) and progression-free survival (P<0.001) than those with low ZNF488 group. Multivariate analysis showed that ZNF488 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for predicting NPC patients' survival (HR, 3.314; 95% CI, 1.489-7.386; P=0.003). Additionally, ZNF488-induced collagen IV/FAK/AKT to enhance adhesion ability meanwhile led to the upregulation of Cyclin D1 to facilitate cell proliferation through promoting cell cycle progression and inhibition of apoptosis through caspase-independent way. Conclusion: These results reveal that ZNF488, as an independent prognostic indicator, promotes cell adhesion and proliferation through collagen IV/FAK/AKT/Cyclin D1 pathway in NPC.

20.
Nanoscale ; 11(24): 11513-11520, 2019 Jun 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31038505

ABSTRACT

The design of a nanoporous cathode for Li-O2 batteries that can achieve high chemical stability and superior electrochemical performance remains a formidable challenge. A novel approach for the fabrication of nanoengineered PdNi alloys directly coated onto Ni nonwoven fabric (PdNi/NiNF) obtained through electrospinning has been proposed. On the basis of the contributions of the porous structure, the prepared metal-based cathodes can exhibit high chemical and mechanical stabilities, high catalytic activity, and high conductivity. In this design, the major side reactions were excluded when compared with popularly used carbon cathodes, and excellent cycling stability (266 cycles) could be achieved. The proposed cathode exhibited a high discharge capacity of 15 700 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1, which was 5 times higher than those reported for carbon-free cathodes.

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