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BACKGROUND: Food insecurity has involved more than 750 million individuals worldwide. The association of food insecurity with socio-economic factors is also undeniable demand more consideration. Food insecurity will become a global priority by 2030. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined current literature concerning the association between food insecurity and psychological distress. METHODS: Relevant researches were identified by searching databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library up to June 2024 without language limitation. Then a snowball search was conducted in the eligible studies. The quality assessment was made through Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Data were available from 44 cross-sectional articles for systematic review and 17 eligible articles for meta-analysis with 2,267,012 and 1,953,636 participants, respectively. Findings support the growing segment of literature on the association between food insecurity and psychological distress. The highly represented groups were households with low income. Psychological and diabetic distress was directly associated with food insecurity as it increased the odds of distress to 329% (OR: 3.29; 95% CI: 2.46-4.40). Sleep problems, anxiety, depression, lower life satisfaction, obesity, and a higher rate of smoking were among the secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION: Food insecurity was a common stressor that can have a negative impact on psychological well-being and even physical health. The findings should be considered in the public health and making policy-making process.
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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly impacts patients' lives, affecting not only their physical health but also their spiritual well-being. While holistic care acknowledges the importance of addressing spiritual needs, the integration of nurse-led spiritual care within CVD management remains understudied. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual and psychological interventions in enhancing quality of life and reducing anxiety among CVD patients. METHODS: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SID, Magiran, and Web of Science) for relevant articles published in English and Persian between 2013 and 2023. The risk of bias in included experimental and quasi-experimental studies was assessed using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I scales. RESULTS: The initial search yielded 1416 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, along with qualitative evaluation, 15 studies with a total of 1035 participants were selected for review. These studies explored the impact of spiritual interventions (e.g., healthy heart model, emotion-oriented approach, communication with a higher power, acceptance, and relationship improvement) on anxiety, stress, life expectancy, depression, blood parameters, spiritual experiences, pain, and negative emotions in CVD patients. All reviewed studies reported positive outcomes with spiritual interventions, demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing anxiety, depression, pain, stress, and negative emotions, while also improving quality of life and possibly life expectancy. CONCLUSION: Integrating spiritual care into routine care for CVD patients presents a promising approach to improve their overall well-being. This review highlights the effectiveness of spiritual interventions in reducing various negative emotions and enhancing quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42023448687).
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Mental Health , Quality of Life , Spiritual Therapies , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adaptation, Psychological , Anxiety/diagnosis , Anxiety/psychology , Anxiety/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/psychology , Cardiovascular Diseases/nursing , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Iran , Nurse's Role , Psychological Well-Being , Spiritual Therapies/nursing , Spirituality , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective: to evaluate the association of Orem self-care model improvement of symptoms and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Methods: A scoping review was carried on bibliographic databases: PubMed-Medline, Scopus, SID and Magiran. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies examining the impact of the Orem self-care model on diabetic patients. Studies considered for inclusion needed to have full-text availability and be written in either English or Persian, with key words including "Models", "Nursing", "Quality of Life", and "Diabetes Mellitus". CONSORT checklist and STROBE statement were selected for quality assessment. Results: A total of 9 studies were included, all using quantitative methodology and focusing on adults or older adults. The majority of articles focused on quality of life and diabetic symptoms. 8 studies showed positive outcomes after implementation of the model. The findings indicate that this model led to an enhanced level of self-efficacy, improved quality of life, and better self-care practices among diabetic patients. Conclusion: Orem self-care model can reduce the diabetic symptoms and improve the quality of life, self-efficacy and self-care in these patients.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Quality of Life , Self Care , Self Efficacy , Humans , Self Care/methods , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Diabetes Mellitus/psychology , Adult , AgedABSTRACT
Objective: to evaluate the association of Orem self-care model improvement of symptoms and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Methods. A scoping review was carried on bibliographic databases: PubMed-Medline, Scopus, SID and Magiran. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies examining the impact of the Orem self-care model on diabetic patients. Studies considered for inclusion needed to have full-text availability and be written in either English or Persian, with key words including "Models", "Nursing", "Quality of Life", and "Diabetes Mellitus". CONSORT checklist and STROBE statement were selected for quality assessment. Results. A total of 9 studies were included, all using quantitative methodology and focusing on adults or older adults. The majority of articles focused on quality of life and diabetic symptoms. 8 studies showed positive outcomes after implementation of the model. The findings indicate that this model led to an enhanced level of self-efficacy, improved quality of life, and better self-care practices among diabetic patients.Conclusion.Orem self-care model can reduce the diabetic symptoms and improve the quality of life, self-efficacy and self-care in these patients.
Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación del modelo de autocuidado de Orem en el mejoramiento de los síntomas y en la calidad de vida en pacientes con diabetes. Método. Se realizó una revisión de alcance empleando las bases bibliográficas PubMed-Medline, Scopus, SID y Magiran. Los criterios de inclusión abarcaron estudios que examinaran el impacto del modelo de autocuidado de Orem en pacientes diabéticos. Los estudios considerados para su inclusión debían tener disponibilidad de texto completo y estar escritos en inglés o persa, con palabras clave como: "Models", "Nursing", "Quality of Life" y "Diabetes Mellitus". Se utilizaron para la evaluación de la calidad de los estudios la lista de comprobación CONSORT y la declaración STROBE. Resultados. Se incluyeron un total de 9 estudios, todos ellos con metodología cuantitativa y centrados en adultos y en ancianos. La mayoría de los artículos se estudiaron la calidad de vida y los síntomas diabéticos. 8 estudios mostraron resultados positivos tras la aplicación del modelo de Orem. Los hallazgos indican que este modelo condujo a un mayor nivel de autoeficacia, mejor calidad de vida y mejores prácticas de autocuidado entre los pacientes diabéticos. Conclusión.El modelo de autocuidado de Orem puede ayudar a disminuir los síntomas diabéticos y mejorar la calidad de vida, la autoeficacia y el autocuidado en estos pacientes.
Objetivo. Avaliar a associação do modelo de autocuidado de Orem na melhora dos sintomas e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com diabetes. Métodos. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo usando os bancos de dados PubMed-Medline, Scopus, SID e Magiran. Os critérios de inclusão incluíram estudos que examinaram o impacto do modelo de autocuidado de Orem em pacientes diabéticos. Os estudos considerados para inclusão tinham que estar disponíveis em texto completo e escritos em inglês ou persa, com palavras-chave como: "Models", "Nursing", "Quality of Life" e "Diabetes Mellitus". A lista de verificação CONSORT e a declaração STROBE foram usadas para avaliar a qualidade dos estudos. Resultados. Foram incluídos 9 estudos, todos com metodologia quantitativa e com foco em adultos e idosos. A maioria dos artigos estudou a qualidade de vida e os sintomas diabéticos. Oito estudos mostraram resultados positivos após a aplicação do modelo de Orem. Os achados indicam que esse modelo levou a um nível mais alto de autoeficácia, melhor qualidade de vida e melhores práticas de autocuidado entre os pacientes diabéticos. Conclusão. O modelo de autocuidado de Orem pode ajudar a diminuir os sintomas da diabetes e melhorar a qualidade de vida, a autoeficácia e o autocuidado desses pacientes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Models, Nursing , Diabetes MellitusABSTRACT
Background & aim: Stress, anxiety, and depression are among the major public health problems worldwide. These problems, which may lead to more challenges, continue to grow. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the main factors affecting the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among citizens of Karaj. Materials & methods: A total of 920 people participated in the study. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), consisting of 21 items, was used for the assessment of the studied problems. Single and multiple regressions were used for the data analysis. In addition, all statistical analysis was done by Stata version 12 at the 0.05significance level. Results: We found that the prevalence rate of depression, anxiety, and stress was 4.79%, 13.28%, and 15.13%, respectively. Education level was significantly associated with stress (b: 1.21; p < 0.001), anxiety (b: 2.03; p < 0.001), and depression (b: 0.48; p: 0.039). The association of the female gender with stress (b: 2.05; p < 0.001) and anxiety (b: 1.01; p: 0.002) was also confirmed. The association of being divorced or widowed with stress (b: 1.84; p: 0.005), anxiety (b: 1.21; p: 0.001), and depression (b: 1.85; p: 0.003) was approved. There was also a significant association between family size and stress (b: 0.39; p: 0.041). Gender and economic status were known as the most effective factors in the incidence of the studied problems. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of depression, stress, and anxiety in Karaj should be taken into consideration. Therefore, the preventive and therapeutic measures need to be considered for reducing the effects of the risk factors.