A pH switchable hydrophilic fluorescent BODIPY sodium disulfonate for Fe3+ multicolor detection: Experimental and DFT studies.

BODIPY-based chemosensors are widely used owing to merits like good selectivity, high fluorescence quantum yield, and excellent optical stability. As such, a pH-switchable hydrophilic fluorescent probe, BODIPY-PY-(SO3Na)2, was developed for detection of Fe3+ ion in aqueous solutions. BODIPY-PY-(SO3Na)2 revealed strong fluorescence intensity and was responsive to pH value in the range of 6.59-1.96. Additionally, BODIPY-PY-(SO3Na)2 showed good selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+. A good linear relationship for Fe3+ detection was obtained from 0.0 µM to 50.0 µM with low detecting limit of 6.34 nM at pH 6.59 and 2.36 nM at pH 4.32, respectively. The response to pH and detection of Fe3+ induced obvious multicolor changes. BODIPY-PY-(SO3Na)2 can also be utilized to quantitatively detect Fe3+ in real water sample. Different mechanisms of Fe3+ detection at investigated pH values were unraveled through relativistic density functional theory (DFT) calculations in BODIPY-PY-(SO3Na)2 and experiments of coexisting cations, anions and molecules. These results enabled us to gain a deeper understanding of the interactions between BODIPY-PY-(SO3Na)2 and Fe3+ and provide valuable fundamental information for design of efficient multicolor chemosensors for Fe3+ as well.

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by regulating macrophages.

Fibrosis is a pathological change mainly characterized by an increase of fibrous connective tissue and decrease of parenchymal cells. Its continuous progress may lead to the destruction of organ structure and function decline. An excess of alternatively activated M2 macrophages have been considered crucial candidates in the progression of fibrosis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), a group of multifunctional growth factors, are essential for organ development and pathophysiological process, however, the roles that BMPs play in innate immune homeostasis in the development of fibrosis and the downstream signals have not been fully explored. In the current study, we firstly found that the expression of BMP4 was significantly down-regulated in human and mouse fibrosis samples. Then we investigated the effects of BMP4 on macrophage polarization in IL-4 environment and related molecular mechanisms, and found that BMP4 caused a decrease in polarized response towards M2, reflected in the expression of the markers Fizz1, Ym1 and Arg1, together with an inhibition in Stat6 phosphorylation. This relied on the Smad1/5/8 signaling, which had a crosstalk with Stat6. Moreover, the in vivo study showed that BMP4 treatment can reduce collagen deposition and delay the development of experimental pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting M2 macrophages through adoptive transfer experiment. These findings revealed a novel role of BMP4 in regulating macrophages, offering potential strategies for treating pulmonary fibrosis.

Chirality-Induced Magnet-Free Spin Generation in a Semiconductor.

Electrical generation and transduction of polarized electron spins in semiconductors (SCs) are of central interest in spintronics and quantum information science. While spin generation in SCs is frequently realized via electrical injection from a ferromagnet (FM), there are significant advantages in nonmagnetic pathways of creating spin polarization. One such pathway exploits the interplay of electron spin with chirality in electronic structures or real space. Here, utilizing chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), the efficient creation of spin accumulation in n-doped GaAs via electric current injection from a normal metal (Au) electrode through a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of chiral molecules (α-helix l-polyalanine, AHPA-L), is demonstrated. The resulting spin polarization is detected as a Hanle effect in the n-GaAs, which is found to obey a distinct universal scaling with temperature and bias current consistent with chirality-induced spin accumulation. The experiment constitutes a definitive observation of CISS in a fully nonmagnetic device structure and demonstration of its ability to generate spin accumulation in a conventional SC. The results thus place key constraints on the physical mechanism of CISS and present a new scheme for magnet-free SC spintronics.

Overexpression of SPP1 is a prognostic indicator of immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: The extracellular phosphoprotein, secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), plays a crucial role in various tumors and regulating the immune system. This study aimed to evaluate its prognostic value and relationship to immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS: In the TCGA and GEO datasets, the information on clinic and transcriptome analysis of SPP1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was examined accordingly. The association of SPP1 expression with overall survival and clinicopathologic characteristics was investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. CancerSEA database was utilized to investigate the role of SPP1 at the cellular level by single-cell analysis. Additionally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to assess the correlation among the immune cells that infiltrated. RESULTS: NSCLC tissues exhibited a notable rise in SPP1 expression compared with that of normal tissues. Furthermore, the overexpression of SPP1 was substantially associated with clinicopathological features and unfavorable survival outcomes in individuals with LUAD, whereas no such correlation was observed in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Immune cells that infiltrate tumors and their corresponding genes were associated with SPP1 expression levels in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS: SPP1 is a reliable indicator for assessing LUAD immune infiltration status and prognosis. With this approach, SPP1 can help earlier LUAD diagnosis and act as a possible immunotherapy target.

Porphyromonas gingivalis aggravates colitis via a gut microbiota-linoleic acid metabolism-Th17/Treg cell balance axis.

Periodontitis is closely related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). An excessive and non-self-limiting immune response to the dysbiotic microbiome characterizes the two. However, the underlying mechanisms that overlap still need to be clarified. We demonstrate that the critical periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) aggravates intestinal inflammation and Th17/Treg cell imbalance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Specifically, metagenomic and metabolomic analyses shows that oral administration of Pg increases levels of the Bacteroides phylum but decreases levels of the Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria phyla. Nevertheless, it suppresses the linoleic acid (LA) pathway in the gut microbiota, which was the target metabolite that determines the degree of inflammation and functions as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand to suppress Th17 differentiation while promoting Treg cell differentiation via the phosphorylation of Stat1 at Ser727. Therapeutically restoring LA levels in colitis mice challenged with Pg exerts anti-colitis effects by decreasing the Th17/Treg cell ratio in an AHR-dependent manner. Our study suggests that Pg aggravates colitis via a gut microbiota-LA metabolism-Th17/Treg cell balance axis, providing a potential therapeutically modifiable target for IBD patients with periodontitis.

Clinical observation of antibacterial photodynamic therapy assisted subgingival curettage for the treatment of chronic periodontitis / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the efficacy of antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunct to subgingival scaling and root planning in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.@*Methods@#This study followed medical ethics guidelines, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Sixteen patients were recruited for this randomized split-mouth controlled trial. The control group underwent subgingival scaling and root planning (SRP), while the experimental group received subgingival scaling and root planing plus aPDT treatment using Perowave® with a toluidine blue O solution photosensitizer. The probing pocket depth (PD), recession, plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI) and proportion of positive sites of bleeding on probing (BOP) (BOP%) at all sites were examined at baseline (before treatment) and at 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment.@*Results@#Follow-up was completed for 13 patients. On the control side, 356 teeth were tested at 2 136 sites. A total of 360 teeth on the test side and 2 160 sites were included in the study. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the baseline indicators between the two groups. After treatment, both groups showed significant improvement in clinical parameters, including PD, PLI, BI, and BOP%,compared with baseline. At 3 months, the BOP% and PLI in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The improvement in BOP% and PLI in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group 3 months after treatment (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#aPDT, as an adjuvant treatment to SRP for chronic periodontitis, can improve gingival bleeding and control periodontal inflammation in the early stage.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived apoptotic bodies alleviate alveolar bone destruction by regulating osteoclast differentiation and function.

Periodontitis is caused by overactive osteoclast activity that results in the loss of periodontal supporting tissue and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential for periodontal regeneration. However, the hypoxic periodontal microenvironment during periodontitis induces the apoptosis of MSCs. Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are the major product of apoptotic cells and have been attracting increased attention as potential mediators for periodontitis treatment, thus we investigated the effects of ABs derived from MSCs on periodontitis. MSCs were derived from bone marrows of mice and were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 72 h, after which ABs were isolated from the culture supernatant using a multi-filtration system. The results demonstrate that ABs derived from MSCs inhibited osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone resorption. miRNA array analysis showed that miR-223-3p is highly enriched in those ABs and is critical for their therapeutic effects. Targetscan and luciferase activity results confirmed that Itgb1 is targeted by miR-223-3p, which interferes with the function of osteoclasts. Additionally, DC-STAMP is a key regulator that mediates membrane infusion. ABs and pre-osteoclasts expressed high levels of DC-STAMP on their membranes, which mediates the engulfment of ABs by pre-osteoclasts. ABs with knock-down of DC-STAMP failed to be engulfed by pre-osteoclasts. Collectively, MSC-derived ABs are targeted to be engulfed by pre-osteoclasts via DC-STAMP, which rescued alveolar bone loss by transferring miR-223-3p to osteoclasts, which in turn led to the attenuation of their differentiation and bone resorption. These results suggest that MSC-derived ABs are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of periodontitis.

The bidirectional effect of neutrophils on periodontitis model in mice: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the regulatory role of neutrophils as the first line of host immune defense in the periodontal microenvironment of mice. METHODS: A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2012 and 2023. In this review, articles investigating the effect of neutrophils on alveolar bone resorption in a mouse model of periodontitis were selected and evaluated according to eligibility criteria. Important variables that may influence outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Eleven articles were included in this systematic review. The results showed that because of their immune defense functions, the functional homeostasis of local neutrophils is critical for periodontal health. Neutrophil deficiency aggravates alveolar bone loss. However, several studies have shown that excessive neutrophil infiltration is positively correlated with alveolar bone resorption caused by periodontitis in mice. Therefore, the homeostasis of neutrophil function needs to be considered in the treatment of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS: Pooled analysis suggests that neutrophils play a bidirectional role in periodontal tissue remodeling in mouse periodontitis models. Therefore, targeted regulation of local neutrophil function provides a novel strategy for the treatment of periodontitis.

Thiol-catalyzed formation of NO-ferroheme regulates intravascular NO signaling.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenously produced signaling molecule that regulates blood flow and platelet activation. However, intracellular and intravascular diffusion of NO are limited by scavenging reactions with several hemoproteins, raising questions as to how free NO can signal in hemoprotein-rich environments. We explore the hypothesis that NO can be stabilized as a labile ferrous heme-nitrosyl complex (Fe2+-NO, NO-ferroheme). We observe a reaction between NO, labile ferric heme (Fe3+) and reduced thiols to yield NO-ferroheme and a thiyl radical. This thiol-catalyzed reductive nitrosylation occurs when heme is solubilized in lipophilic environments such as red blood cell membranes or bound to serum albumin. The resulting NO-ferroheme resists oxidative inactivation, is soluble in cell membranes and is transported intravascularly by albumin to promote potent vasodilation. We therefore provide an alternative route for NO delivery from erythrocytes and blood via transfer of NO-ferroheme and activation of apo-soluble guanylyl cyclase.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus inhibits osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the TLR2/NF-κB pathway.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the role of ultrasonicated Lactobacillus rhamnosus extract in osteoclast differentiation and its underlying mechanism, providing new strategies for the treatment of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Osteoclasts were induced using macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand. Lactobacillus rhamnosus extracts were obtained via ultrasonic crushing and ultracentrifugation. The effects of the LGG extract on osteoclast differentiation were evaluated, and the related signaling pathways were examined using western blotting. A mouse periodontitis model was established, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus extract was injected into the gingival sulcus to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus extract on alveolar bone resorption. RESULTS: At 50 µg/mL, Lactobacillus rhamnosus extract inhibited osteoclast differentiation with no effect on apoptosis and proliferation. This phenomenon was achieved by deactivating the NF-κB/c-Fos/NFATc1 signaling pathway through toll-like receptor 2. The in vivo results showed that the local injection of Lactobacillus rhamnosus extract suppressed osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone resorption. CONCLUSION: The ultrasonicated extract of Lactobacillus rhamnosus inhibited osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the activation of the NF-κB/c-Fos/NFATc1 pathway. Furthermore, it inhibited the destruction of the alveolar bone, providing a new strategy for the use of probiotics in the treatment of periodontitis.

Green location-oriented policies and carbon efficiency: a quasi-natural experiment from National Eco-industrial Demonstration Parks in China.

This paper investigates how National Eco-industrial Demonstration Parks (NEDP) in China affects carbon emission efficiency. The difference-in-differences (DID) strategy is used for analysis. This paper finds that the construction of NEDP is conducive to the improvement of carbon emission efficiency, and the findings remain robust through placebo tests and propensity score matching. Heterogeneity analysis shows NEDP construction has greater utility on carbon efficiency in non-resource-based cities as well as in environmentally friendly cities. The mechanism analysis found that green technology innovation, industrial restructuring, and the relocation of industrial enterprises are effective ways to improve carbon efficiency in NEDP. Finally, this paper finds that the construction of NEDP has obvious spatial spillover effects on carbon efficiency, which can effectively heighten the carbon efficiency level of this locality and nearby areas.

Metabolic regulation of dendritic cell activation and immune function during inflammation.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that bridge innate and adaptive immune responses. Multiple cell types, including DCs, rely on cellular metabolism to determine their fate. DCs substantially alter cellular metabolic pathways during activation, such as oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, which have crucial implications for their functionality. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent progress in DC metabolic studies, focusing on how metabolic reprogramming influences DC activation and functionality and the potential metabolic differences among DC subsets. Improving the understanding of the relationship between DC biology and metabolic regulation may provide promising therapeutic targets for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Thiol catalyzed formation of NO-ferroheme regulates canonical intravascular NO signaling.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenously produced physiological signaling molecule that regulates blood flow and platelet activation. However, both the intracellular and intravascular diffusion of NO is severely limited by scavenging reactions with hemoglobin, myoglobin, and other hemoproteins, raising unanswered questions as to how free NO can signal in hemoprotein-rich environments, like blood and cardiomyocytes. We explored the hypothesis that NO could be stabilized as a ferrous heme-nitrosyl complex (Fe 2+ -NO, NO-ferroheme) either in solution within membranes or bound to albumin. Unexpectedly, we observed a rapid reaction of NO with free ferric heme (Fe 3+ ) and a reduced thiol under physiological conditions to yield NO-ferroheme and a thiyl radical. This thiol-catalyzed reductive nitrosylation reaction occurs readily when the hemin is solubilized in lipophilic environments, such as red blood cell membranes, or bound to serum albumin. NO-ferroheme albumin is stable, even in the presence of excess oxyhemoglobin, and potently inhibits platelet activation. NO-ferroheme-albumin administered intravenously to mice dose-dependently vasodilates at low- to mid-nanomolar concentrations. In conclusion, we report the fastest rate of reductive nitrosylation observed to date to generate a NO-ferroheme molecule that resists oxidative inactivation, is soluble in cell membranes, and is transported intravascularly by albumin to promote potent vasodilation.

Effect of archwire plane and archwire size on anterior teeth movement in sliding mechanics in customized labial orthodontics: a 3D finite element study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate anterior teeth movement with different archwire planes and archwire sizes during space closure with and without miniscrew in sliding mechanics. METHODS: A 3D finite element method was applied to simulate anterior teeth retraction with and without miniscrew and power arm. Initial displacements and pressure stresses of periodontal tissue in anterior teeth were calculated after the teeth were applied with retraction forces with different archwire planes and archwire sizes. RESULTS: High archwire plane showed better torque control of anterior teeth in both sliding mechanics. With intramaxillary retraction, anterior teeth showed lingual tipping and extrusion movement, whereas larger-size archwires did not reduce it. In miniscrew sliding mechanics, anterior teeth showed labial tipping and intrusion movement. Compared with intramaxillary retraction, the retraction force produced less pressure stress on periodontal tissue in miniscrew sliding mechanics with long power arm. CONCLUSIONS: Higher archwire plane is conducive to anterior teeth torque control. In order to achieve the bodily movement of the anterior teeth during space closure, it is more important to choose the appropriate method (miniscrew sliding mechanics with long power arm), instead of increasing the size of the archwire.

Clinical and biochemical effect of laser as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and biochemical efficacy of laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment in chronic periodontitis. METHODS: A systematic search was performed through the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for eligible articles published as of May 2, 2020, supplemented by information search in the System for Information on Programme Literature in Europe and a manual literature search. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) used to compare the adjunctive use of laser and non-surgical treatment alone with an observation period of at least 6 months were included. RESULTS: Sixteen RCTs with a total of 525 subjects were included. Meta-analysis suggested that the additional use of laser to scaling and root planing (SRP) showed significant superiority over SRP alone among most of clinical parameters involved. Regarding the GCF, although volume in the laser group was lower at week 4 and 12, no significant difference was found regarding the cytokines level. Subgroup analysis revealed that the combined therapy produced no significant difference in PD, CAL and PI at most time points for studies in respect to smokers. No treatment-related adverse events had been reported in the included studies. CONCLUSIONS: Pooled analysis suggested that laser-assisted non-surgical treatment improved clinical outcome to SRP alone in the management of non-smoking chronic periodontitis patients.

DNA methylation alterations and their potential influence on macrophage in periodontitis.

OBJECTIVES: To explore how various methylation mechanisms function and affect macrophages in periodontitis, with an aim of getting a comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis of the disease. SUBJECT: Alterations in DNA methylation are associated with different periodontitis susceptible factors and disrupt immunity homeostasis. The host's immune response to stimulus plays a vital role in the progression of periodontitis. Macrophages are key immune cells of immune system. They act as critical regulators in maintaining issue homeostasis with their nature of high plasticity. The altered methylation status of genes may cause abnormal expression of proteins in the progress of periodontitis, thus, exert potential influence on macrophages. RESULTS: Certain genes are selectively activated or silenced due to the changes in the methylation status, which causes the alteration of the expression level of cytokines/chemokines, signal molecules, extracellular matrix molecules, leads to the change in local microenvironment, affects activation states of immune cells including macrophages, thus influences the host immune response during periodontitis.. This results in differential susceptibility and therapeutic outcome. CONCLUSION: DNA methylation alteration may cause aberrant expression level of genes associated with periodontal diseases, thus results in deregulation of macrophages, which supports the prospect of using DNA methylation-related parameter as a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.

Systemic therapy of MSCs in bone regeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Over the past decades, many studies focused on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy for bone regeneration. Due to the efficiency of topical application has been widely dicussed and systemic application was also a feasible way for new bone formation, the aim of this study was to systematically review systemic therapy of MSCs for bone regeneration in pre-clinical studies. METHODS: The article search was conducted in PubMed and Embase databases. Original research articles that assessed potential effect of systemic application of MSCs for bone regeneration in vivo were selected and evaluated in this review, according to eligibility criteria. The efficacy of MSC systemic treatment was analyzed by random effects meta-analysis, and the outcomes were expressed in standard mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses were conducted on animal species and gender, MSCs types, frequency and time of injection, and bone diseases. RESULTS: Twenty-three articles were selected in this review, of which 21 were included in meta-analysis. The results showed that systemic therapy increased bone mineral density (SMD 3.02 [1.84, 4.20]), bone volume to tissue volume ratio (2.10 [1.16, 3.03]), and the percentage of new bone area (7.03 [2.10, 11.96]). Bone loss caused by systemic disease tended to produce a better response to systemic treatment (p=0.05 in BMD, p=0.03 in BV/TV). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that systemic therapy of MSCs promotes bone regeneration in preclinical experiments. These results provided important information for the systemic application of MSCs as a potential application of bone formation in further animal experiments.

Substrate and product complexes reveal mechanisms of Hedgehog acylation by HHAT.

Hedgehog proteins govern crucial developmental steps in animals and drive certain human cancers. Before they can function as signaling molecules, Hedgehog precursor proteins must undergo amino-terminal palmitoylation by Hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT). We present cryo-electron microscopy structures of human HHAT in complex with its palmitoyl-coenzyme A substrate and of a product complex with a palmitoylated Hedgehog peptide at resolutions of 2.7 and 3.2 angstroms, respectively. The structures reveal how HHAT overcomes the challenges of bringing together substrates that have different physiochemical properties from opposite sides of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane within a membrane-embedded active site for catalysis. These principles are relevant to related enzymes that catalyze the acylation of Wnt and of the appetite-stimulating hormone ghrelin. The structural and mechanistic insights may advance the development of inhibitors for cancer.

D-Mannose Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells via the miR669b/MAPK Pathway.

The adipogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) plays an important role in the process of obesity and host metabolism. D-Mannose shows a potential regulating function for fat tissue expansion and glucose metabolism. To explore the mechanisms through which D-mannose affects the adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro, we cultured the ADSCs with adipogenic medium inducement containing D-mannose or glucose as the control. The adipogenic differentiation specific markers Pparg and Fabp4 were determined by real-time PCR. The Oil Red O staining was applied to measure the lipid accumulation. To further explore the mechanisms, microarray analysis was performed to detect the differences between glucose-treated ADSCs (G-ADSCs) and D-mannose-treated ADSCs (M-ADSCs) in the gene expression level. The microarray data were further analyzed by a Venn diagram and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). MicroRNA inhibitor transfection was used to confirm the role of key microRNA. Results. D-Mannose intervention significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs, compared with the glucose intervention. Microarray showed that D-mannose increased the expression of miR669b, which was an inhibitor of adipogenesis. In addition, GSEA and western blot suggested that D-mannose suppressed the adipogenic differentiation via inhibiting the MAPK pathway and further inhibited the expression of proteins related to glucose metabolism and tumorigenesis. Conclusion. D-Mannose inhibits adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs via the miR669b/MAPK signaling pathway and may be further involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and the inhibition of tumorigenesis.

MoTe2 p-n Homojunctions Defined by Ferroelectric Polarization.

Doped p-n junctions are fundamental electrical components in modern electronics and optoelectronics. Due to the development of device miniaturization, the emergence of two-dimensional (2D) materials may initiate the next technological leap toward the post-Moore era owing to their unique structures and physical properties. The purpose of fabricating 2D p-n junctions has fueled many carrier-type modulation methods, such as electrostatic doping, surface modification, and element intercalation. Here, by using the nonvolatile ferroelectric field polarized in the opposite direction, efficient carrier modulation in ambipolar molybdenum telluride (MoTe2 ) to form a p-n homojunction at the domain wall is demonstrated. The nonvolatile MoTe2 p-n junction can be converted to n-p, n-n, and p-p configurations by external gate voltage pulses. Both rectifier diodes exhibited excellent rectifying characteristics with a current on/off ratio of 5 × 105 . As a photodetector/photovoltaic, the device presents responsivity of 5 A W-1 , external quantum efficiency of 40%, specific detectivity of 3 × 1012 Jones, fast response time of 30 µs, and power conversion efficiency of 2.5% without any bias or gate voltages. The MoTe2 p-n junction presents an obvious short-wavelength infrared photoresponse at room temperature, complementing the current infrared photodetectors with the inadequacies of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor incompatibility and cryogenic operation temperature.