ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The nonsurgical treatment of chest wall deformity by a vacuum bell or external brace is gradual, with correction taking place over months. Monitoring the progress of nonsurgical treatment of chest wall deformity has relied on the ancient methods of measuring the depth of the excavatum and the protrusion of the carinatum. Patients, who are often adolescent, may become discouraged and abandon treatment. METHODS: Optical scanning was utilized before and after the intervention to assess the effectiveness of treatment. The device measured the change in chest shape at each visit. In this pilot study, patients were included if they were willing to undergo scanning before and after treatment. Both surgical and nonsurgical treatment results were assessed. RESULTS: Scanning was successful in 7 patients. Optical scanning allowed a visually clear, precise assessment of treatment, whether by operation, vacuum bell (for pectus excavatum), or external compression brace (for pectus carinatum). Millimeter-scale differences were identified and presented graphically to patients and families. CONCLUSION: Optical scanning with the digital subtraction of images obtained months apart allows a comparison of chest shape before and after treatment. For nonsurgical, gradual methods, this allows the patient to more easily appreciate progress. We speculate that this will increase adherence to these methods in adolescent patients.
ABSTRACT
Depending on the severity of the condition and associated risk, surgical intervention may not always be the first choice. This is true for treating chest wall deformities such as pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. For both conditions, novel non-surgical treatments have been developed to gradually alleviate the malformation making use of the elastic nature of the costal cartilages at an early age of the patient. To quantify the performance of such treatments, this paper introduces and discusses the development of a software-based instrument that utilizes 3D chest optical images (surface scans) as input and uses registration techniques to produce an objective gauge of a patient's physical improvement after undergoing treatments. Further discussed is an experiment designed to investigate the construct validity of the developed instrument.