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BACKGROUND: "Perceived Symptom Manageability (PSM)" is essential in symptom management among people living with HIV. As a standardized assessment instrument was lacking, we developed a PSM scale for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PSM-HIV). METHODS: Data analysis was performed using the sample from HIV-designated medical institutions (N = 540). Psychometric testing, namely reliability and validity, is assessed by unidimensionality, internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The final version of the PSM- HIV scale contained 15 items. This scale was submitted to a principal components analysis with varimax rotation, and three factors were obtained, explained by a total variance of 63.10%. The three factors were named Cognitive-Behavioral, Affective Interaction, and Self-Attitude. The results show that the scale had high reliability, Cronbach's α of the scale ranged from 0.71 to 0.92, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was 0.88. The structural equation model supports a factor model with the acceptable fit (χ2/df (CMIN/DF) = 2.50, Root Mean square Residual (RMR) = 0.03, Goodness-of-Fit Index (GFI) = 0.93, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) = 0.90, Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.93, Incremental Fit Index (IFI) = 0.96, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.96). The average variance extracted was 0.38 â¼ 0.59, and the composite reliability was 0.70 â¼ 0.91, indicating that the convergent validity of the scale is acceptable. Subjects with different stages of the disease reached significance(χ2 = 9.02; df = 2, P<0.05), meaning moderate Known-Groups Comparison Validation. CONCLUSIONS: The PSM-HIV scale is a valid instrument that measures overall attitude and belief about controlling or coping with HIV-relevant symptoms.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Humans , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires , Psychometrics , Factor Analysis, Statistical , HIV Infections/diagnosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people living with HIV (PLWH) is one of the critical goals of HIV prevention and control in the following decades, and perceived social support (PSS) has always exhibited a positive influence on patients' HRQOL. This study aims to describe the gap in social support in improving HRQOL between symptomatic and asymptomatic PLWH. METHODS: By analysing secondary data from an online survey, a multicenter, descriptive and crosssectional study was conducted. The correlation trend and differences between PSS and HRQOL among asymptomatic and symptomatic PLWH were determined. RESULTS: Information from 493 PLWH with ART medication was finally analyzed: 34.89% asymptomatic PLWH and 65.11% symptomatic PLWH. There were significant differences observed between the two groups in terms of family income (χ2 = 9.782, P = 0.021), HIV-positive duration (χ2 = 19.541, P < 0.001), stage of disease (χ2 = 9.617, P = 0.008), and comorbidities (χ2 = 26.119, P < 0.001). The mean score of HRQOL of PLWH for the whole domain of the questionnaire was 86.56 (SD = 15.95). In six domains of QOL and PSS, the asymptomatic group had better conditions than the symptomatic group. There was a linear association between PSS and HRQOL, not only in the symptomatic group but also asymptomatic population, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. When the level of PSS was between 60 and 80, the HRQOL of the symptomatic group was similar to that of the asymptomatic group. While the score of PSS exceeded 80, the HRQOL of the symptomatic group was less sensitive to the changes in PSS. The social and environmental status of HRQOL in PLWH was most strongly correlated with their PSS. CONCLUSION: The value of PSS on the HRQOL in PLWH is confirmed, especially for asymptomatic subjects. Healthcare providers need a complete understanding of the gap in social support between the asymptomatic and symptomatic populations. The comprehensive strategies, including symptom management, active treatment, and social support, should be more efficient for improving the overall health of symptomatic PLWH.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Quality of Life , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , Comorbidity , Social SupportABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, which poses a certain threat to humans due to its short incubation period, fast transmission and strong infectivity. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the awareness and prevention behavior against influenza among healthcare workers on the eve of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Beijing, China. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the cross-sectional research design based on the principle of convenience sampling, an online questionnaire survey on the knowledge of flu, vaccination, medical protection behavior, and flu medication was conducted between January and February 2020. Healthcare workers from different healthcare facilities and different job positions in Beijing participated in this survey. RESULTS: A total of 1910 healthcare workers from different medical institutions and jobs were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 32.69 ±8.72 years (range: 18-64 years). There were significant differences in knowledge about clinical signs about flu and prevention approaches among different age groups, individuals with different work experience and job titles (χ2 = 8.903-32.839; p < 0.05). Personnel with different job positions and education levels differed only in the knowledge about clinical signs of flu and identification of high-risk populations. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.979, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.966-0.992) and education level (OR = 0.736, 95% CI: 0.588-0.921) were risk factors for hand hygiene practices, whereas job position (OR = 1.757, 95% CI: 1.146-2.695) and awareness of high-risk populations (OR = 1.405, 95% CI: 1.096-1.800) were protective factors influencing hand hygiene practices (p < 0.05). The only factor influencing mask wearing was the education level (OR = 0.610, 95% CI: 0.450-0.828). CONCLUSION: The knowledge level and preventive behavior of healthcare workers before the outbreak of COVID-19 has been insufficient.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Influenza, Human , Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Beijing , Cross-Sectional Studies , Seasons , Surveys and Questionnaires , Health PersonnelABSTRACT
Objective: Our study aims to completely understand the experience of gynecological related symptoms (GRS) and the association between GRS and quality of life (QOL) among HIV-infected women in China. Design: A cross-sectional, multicenter survey. Setting: The HIV/AIDS designated medical institutions of seven regions in China. Participants: One hundred and fifty-three women with HIV infection. Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures: Primary outcome measures included the score of GRS and QOL from analysis sample. Results: Among 153 participants, 60.13% were asymptomatic, and 39.87% were symptomatic according to their self-report data. In the symptomatic group, 47.54% reported only one symptom, 18.03% reported 2 symptoms, others reported more than 3 symptoms. The most common symptoms were vaginal discharge (25.49%), followed by irregular period (18.95%), bad cramps (13.07%), vaginal odor (11.11%), and vaginal itching (10.46%). The mean score of QOL was 86.82 ± 15.53. The symptomatic group had higher score than the asymptomatic group on each domain of QOL. GRS were negatively correlated with QOL after adjustment for confounding factors. Correlation matrix of GRS and six domains of QOL demonstrated significant negative correlation with each domain of QOL, especially the most strongly negative correlation with physical function of participants. But the association between GRS and environmental domain was weaker. Conclusion: These findings present the multidimensionality of common gynecologic related symptoms and highlight the clinically meaningful associations between GRS and quality of life among women with HIV infection in China. There is an urgent need to take measures to increase vaginal care and education in advance, delivered by trusted health professionals.
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BACKGROUND: Debate has persisted regarding whether PLWH with longer HIV durations have lower levels of prevalence and severity of symptoms compared with their newly diagnosed counterparts. Whether and how the HIV duration impact the symptom distress among middle-aged and older PLWH has not been explored clearly. METHODS: The patients with HIV-infected aged more than 40 years old were included from seven designated medical institutions of seven regions in China. Outcome was the score of symptom distress. We used the multiple regression model to calculate adjusted Coefficient of Regression (ß) with 95% CI in this study. RESULTS: Among 210 participants (mean age 50.8 years; 71.0% male; 68.1% at asymptomatic stage) in the study, the median number of symptoms was 5. Of all symptoms reported, the most distressed symptoms were sleep disturbance (33.33%), followed by memory loss (31.90%), fatigue (26.67%), slow reactions (22.86%), and vision blur (21.90%). All participants were divided into four groups according to HIV duration, and the median of total score of symptom ditress among all participants was 0.1(0.0,0.9). Difference of total scores and clusters' scores of symptom distress among four HIV duration groups were statistically significant. 51 participants with 6-10 years HIV duration were more likely to be higher level of education, at asymptomatic stage and have higher CD4 + T cell count. After adjustment for gender, age, race, education, marital status, employment, family income, region, stage of disease and CD4 + T cell count, the score of symptom distress among participants with 6-10 years HIV duration had was higher with the extension of HIV duration. Specially in physical symptoms and psychological symptoms,participants with 6-10 years HIV duration reported the persisting worse burdensome. CONCLUSIONS: HIV duration with 6-10 yearsmay be a key period that the medical team needs to pay special attention to among middle-aged and elderly PLWH. There is a need to provide medical and psychosocial services targeting middle-aged and elderly PLWH according to their changing symptom distress. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov: ChiCTR2100046225. Registered 11 May 2021.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Aged , China/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fatigue , Female , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , PrevalenceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The incidence of gallbladder carcinoma (GBM) in China has increased in recent years. Here, the functional mechanism of lncRNA TTN-AS1 in GBC was preliminary elucidated. METHODS: The expression levels of lncRNA TTN-AS1, miR-107, and HMGA1 in tissues and cell lines were assessed by RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assays. Cell invasion and migration abilities were evaluated by Transwell assays. The relationship between miR-107 and lncRNA TTN-AS1 or HMGA1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: Upregulation of lncRNA TTN-AS1 and downregulation of miR-107 were detected in GBC. Furthermore, the expressions between TTN-AS1 and miR-107 were mutually inhibited in GBC. Functionally, lncRNA TTN-AS1 promoted cell viability and motility in GBC by sponging miR-107. In addition, miR-107 directly targets HMGA1. And HMGA1 can be positively regulated by lncRNA TTN-AS1 in GBC. Furthermore, HMGA1 promoted GBC progression by interacting with lncRNA TTN-AS1/miR-107 axis. CONCLUSION: LncRNA TTN-AS1 acted as a tumor promoter in GBC by sponging miR-107 and upregulating HMGA1.
Subject(s)
Gallbladder Neoplasms , MicroRNAs , RNA, Long Noncoding , Carcinogens , Cell Line, Tumor , China , Gallbladder Neoplasms/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , HMGA1a Protein/genetics , Humans , MicroRNAs/genetics , Prognosis , RNA, Long Noncoding/geneticsABSTRACT
Evidence from previous studies showed that the dysregulation of microRNA (miR) is frequently associated with tumor progression. The aberrant miR-210 expression has been identified in a variety of tumors. However, its biological roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still need further elucidation. Thus, in the current study we explore the roles of miR-210 in ESCC progression. The findings of our study reveal that miR-210 is down-regulated in ESCC, which indicates poor prognosis and aggressive tumor progression. Moreover, miR-210 restoration was found to enhance ESCC viability, invasion, and migration abilities. F-Box only protein 31 (FBXO31) was confirmed to be one of the targets of miR-210 in ESCC cells. Results also revealed that miR-210 played crucial roles in regulating ESCC cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. In conclusion, data show that miR-210 serves as an anti-ESCC miR via down-regulation of FBXO31 and regulation of EMT and Wnt signaling, suggesting that the miR-210/FBXO31 axis may function as promising therapeutic targets and effective prognostic markers for ESCC patients.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/metabolism , Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/metabolism , F-Box Proteins/metabolism , MicroRNAs/metabolism , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism , Wnt Signaling Pathway , beta Catenin/metabolism , Disease Progression , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/genetics , Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/pathology , F-Box Proteins/genetics , Female , Humans , Male , MicroRNAs/genetics , Middle Aged , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading subtype in lung cancer, with high morbidities and mortalities worldwide. microRNA (miRNA) has appeared to play indispensable roles in a variety of solid carcinomas. The current study focused on the functions of miR-100 in NSCLC. METHODS: qRT-PCR was performed to detect miR-100 and HOXA1 expressions in NSCLC tissues and cells. MTT and transwell assays were used to determine the functions of miR-100 in NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion and migration abilities. Western blot was used to measure related protein expressions. RESULTS: qRT-PCR results showed that miR-100 expressions were dramatically decreased in NSCLC tissues. MTT assays indicated that miR-100 restoration inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation. Furthermore, transwell assay was performed to determine the impacts of miR-100 on NSCLC invasion and migration abilities. As expected, the invasion and migration capacities were significantly repressed. Direct interactions between HOXA1 and miR-100 were also verified via dual-luciferase reporter assays. Western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-100 exerted suppressive functions via regulating EMT and Wnt/ß-catenin in NSCLC cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that miR-100 served antitumor roles in NSCLC, providing new evidence of miR-100 as a promising therapeutic biomarker in NSCLC.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , MicroRNAs/genetics , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Wnt1 Protein/metabolism , beta Catenin/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/secondary , Animals , Apoptosis , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Female , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Mice , Mice, Nude , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Survival Rate , Transcription Factors/genetics , Tumor Cells, Cultured , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism , Wnt1 Protein/genetics , Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays , beta Catenin/geneticsABSTRACT
This study was purposed to investigate the incidence and the model of ABO hemolytic disease in newborn (ABO-HDN) and the results of the three hemolysis test, so as to provide the evidences for clinical diagnosis and therapy. A total of 227 cases of maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility from January 2013 to October 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were enrolled in the study. The ABO blood group of newborn and mother was detemined and three hemolysis tests (direct antiglobulin test, free antibody test, RBC antibody release test) were performed. The results indicated that in 227 cases of ABO incompatible pregnancies,186 cases were ABO-HDN (81.94%). There was no significant difference in the incidence between O-A and O-B incompatible pregnancies (P > 0.05). The positive ratio of direct antiglobulin test, free antibody test and RBC antibody release test were 59.14% (110/186), 84.78% (156/186) and 94.62% (176/186) respectively. It is concluded that the incidence of ABO-HDN is high. The main models of ABO-HDN were O-A and O-B. There was no significant difference in the incidence between O-A and O-B incompatible pregnancies. Three hemolysis tests are high sensitivity and are helpful in early diagnosis and early treatment of HDN.