Mucoceles can often present as a complication after prior sinus surgery or maxillofacial trauma when mucosal drainage is obstructed. Their presence in the orbit following orbital wall fracture and subsequent repair represent an exceedingly rare complication whose occurrence is limited to a few reported cases in the literature. In these patients, continuous cyst expansion and subsequent mass effect may lead to ophthalmic symptoms, including orbital pain, proptosis, diplopia, and globe dystopia. We report the discovery of an orbital mucocele after orbital floor fracture repair and its possible association with the nonporous reconstruction plate utilized for fixation. When a patient with history of orbital wall reconstruction presents with new-onset ocular symptoms, an orbital mucocele should be considered as a potential diagnosis.
BACKGROUND: The standard for managing traumatic pneumothorax (PTX), hemothorax (HTX), and hemopneumothorax (HPTX) has historically been large-bore (LB) chest tubes (>20-Fr). Previous studies have shown equal efficacy of small-bore (SB) chest tubes (≤19-Fr) in draining PTX and HTX/HPTX. This study aimed to evaluate provider practice patterns, treatment efficacy, and complications related to the selection of chest tube sizes for patients with thoracic trauma. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on adult patients who underwent tube thoracostomy for traumatic PTX, HTX, or HPTX at a Level 1 Trauma Center from January 2016 to December 2021. Comparison was made between SB and LB thoracostomy tubes. The primary outcome was indication for chest tube placement based on injury pattern. Secondary outcomes included retained hemothorax, insertion-related complications, and duration of chest tube placement. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-one patients were included and 297 (87.1%) received LB tubes. No significant differences were found between the groups concerning tube failure and insertion-related complications. LB tubes were more frequently placed in patients with penetrating MOI, higher average ISS, and higher average thoracic AIS. Patients who received LB chest tubes experienced a higher incidence of retained HTX. DISCUSSION: In patients with thoracic trauma, both SB and LB chest tubes may be used for treatment. SB tubes are typically placed in nonemergent situations, and there is apparent provider bias for LB tubes. A future randomized clinical trial is needed to provide additional data on the usage of SB tubes in emergent situations.
Chest Tubes , Hemothorax , Pneumothorax , Thoracic Injuries , Thoracostomy , Humans , Chest Tubes/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Male , Female , Hemothorax/etiology , Hemothorax/therapy , Adult , Thoracostomy/instrumentation , Pneumothorax/therapy , Pneumothorax/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Middle Aged , Hemopneumothorax/etiology , Hemopneumothorax/therapy , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data
Pressure ulcers (PUs) affect 2.5 million patients per year. Even after successful reconstruction, 50% of PUs recur. Patients with multiply recurrent PUs eventually consume all locoregional donor sites. This underscores the need for novel, less invasive approaches in PU reconstruction. Here, we report the first successful use of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes in PU reconstruction. The patient presented with a right ischial ulcer that persisted despite 9 months of wound care and appropriate antibiotic therapy. After six subcutaneous ExoFlo exosome injections over 8 weeks, the PU was completely healed. Additional studies of this promising technology should be performed.
