Characteristics of astigmatism in school-age children aged 5 to 13 years in northeast Sichuan: a cross-sectional school-based study.

Background: Astigmatism is closely associated with myopia progression, vision loss, eye fatigue and amblyopia, which seriously endangers children's eye health. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characteristic distribution of astigmatism in children in Langzhong City, providing valuable insights for allocating resources and develop prevention and control strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional study and random sampling survey were conducted. Between January and November 2021, 21,415 students aged 5 to 13 years from 14 primary schools in Langzhong City underwent non-cycloplegic refractive testing using autorefraction. The data on myopia were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 23.0. Results: The inclusion criterion was set at an absolute astigmatism value of ≥0.50D. Among the 21,415 children studied, 61.70% were found to have astigmatism. The prevalence of astigmatism varied significantly across different grades (χ2=501.414, P<0.001). The predominant types of astigmatism were mild astigmatism (0.50-1.00D) and with-the-rule astigmatism. Mixed astigmatism was primarily observed in children in grades 1 and 2, while compound myopic astigmatism was more common in children in grades 3 to 6. These differences were statistically significant. As the degree of astigmatism increased, the proportions of against-the-rule astigmatism, oblique astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism, and simple hyperopic astigmatism decreased, whereas the proportions of with-the-rule astigmatism, mixed astigmatism, and compound hyperopic astigmatism increased. Conclusions: The prevalence of astigmatism among school-age children aged 5 to 13 years in northeast Sichuan is notably high, with compound myopic astigmatism and with-the-rule astigmatism being the most common types. Regular refractive examinations are crucial for the early detection and management of astigmatism.

Novel Metal-Free Synthesis of 3-Substituted Isocoumarins and Evaluation of Their Fluorescence Properties for Potential Applications.

A novel metal-free synthesis of 3-substituted isocoumarins through a sequential O-acylation/Wittig reaction has been established. The readily accessible (2-carboxybenzyl)-triphenylphosphonium bromide and diverse chlorides produced various 1H-isochromen-1-one in the presence of triethylamine, employing sequential O-acylation and an intramolecular Wittig reaction of acid anhydride. Reactions using these facile conditions have exhibited high functional group tolerance and excellent yields (up to 90%). Moreover, the fluorescence properties of isocoumarin derivatives were evaluated at the theoretical and experimental levels to determine their potential application in fluorescent materials. These derivatives have good photoluminescence in THF with a large Stokes shift and an absolute fluorescence quantum yield of up to 14%.

Synergistic Effects of MOFs and Noble Metals in Photocatalytic Reactions: Mechanisms and Applications.

Photocatalytic technology can efficiently convert solar energy to chemical energy and this process is considered as one of the green and sustainable technology for practical implementation. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted widespread attention due to their unique advantages and have been widely applied in the field of photocatalysis. Among them, noble metals have contributed significant advances to the field as effective catalysts in photocatalytic reactions. Importantly, noble metals can also form a synergistic catalytic effect with MOFs to further improve the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions. However, how to precisely control the synergistic effect between MOFs and noble metals to improve the photocatalytic performance of materials still needs to be further studied. In this review, the synergistic effects of MOFs and noble metal catalysts in photocatalytic reactions are firstly summarized in terms of noble metal nanoparticles, noble metal monoatoms, noble metal compounds, and noble metal complexes, and focus on the mechanisms and advantages of these synergistic effects, so as to provide useful guidance for the further research and application of MOFs and contribute to the development of the field of photocatalysis.

[Impact of different angles of pulmonary surfactant administration on bronchopulmonaryplasia and intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants: a prospective randomized controlled study]. / ä¸åŒè§’åº¦æ³¨å ¥è‚ºè¡¨é¢æ´»æ€§ç‰©è´¨å¯¹æ—©äº§å„¿æ”¯æ°”ç®¡è‚ºå‘è‚²ä¸è‰¯å’Œé¢ å† å‡ºè¡€çš„å½±å“ï¼šä¸€é¡¹å‰çž»æ€§éšæœºå¯¹ç §ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of different angles of pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 146 preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 2019 to May 2023. The infants were randomly assigned to different angles for injection of pulmonary surfactant groups: 0° group (34 cases), 30° group (36 cases), 45° group (38 cases), and 60° group (38 cases). Clinical indicators and outcomes were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The oxygenation index was lower in the 60° group compared with the other three groups, with shorter invasive ventilation time and oxygen use time, and a lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia than the other three groups (P<0.05). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was lower in the 60° group compared to the 0° group (P<0.05). The cure rate in the 60° group was higher than that in the 0° group and the 30° group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical efficacy of injection of pulmonary surfactant at a 60° angle is higher than other angles, reducing the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

Upregulation of POC1A in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumour progression and predicts poor prognosis.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is characterized by a high incidence rate and mortality. Recently, POC1 centriolar protein A (POC1A) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various cancers, contributing to cancer onset and development. However, the association between POC1A and LUAD remains unexplored. We extracted The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets to analyse the differential expression of POC1A and its relationship with clinical stage. Additionally, we performed diagnostic receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of POC1A in LUAD. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between POC1A expression and immune infiltration, tumour mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint expression and drug sensitivity. Finally, we verified POC1A expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell experiments were conducted to validate the effect of POC1A expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. POC1A exhibited overexpression in most tumour tissues, and its overexpression in LUAD was significantly correlated with late-stage presentation and poor prognosis. The high POC1A expression group showed lower levels of immune infiltration but higher levels of immune checkpoint expression and TMB. Moreover, the high POC1A expression group demonstrated sensitivity to multiple drugs. In vitro experiments confirmed that POC1A knockdown led to decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. Our findings suggest that POC1A may contribute to tumour development by modulating the cell cycle and immune cell infiltration. It also represents a potential therapeutic target and marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD.

XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan protects triptolide-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via mitophagy mediated PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway.

PURPOSE: XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for invigorating the kidney, nourishing blood, and promoting blood circulation. This study aimed to explore the effect of XJCRTSZW on triptolide (TP)-induced oxidative stress injury. METHODS: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and XJCRTSZW. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, CCK-8, JC-1 staining, transmission electron microscopy, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were performed in this study. RESULTS: XJCRTSZW treatment observably ameliorated the TP-induced pathological symptoms. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of estradiol, anti-Mullerian hormone, progesterone, superoxide dismutase, ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential, p62, and Hsp60 mRNA, and protein levels in vivo and in vitro (p < 0.05). However, TP-induced elevation of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations, malondialdehyde levels, reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis rate, mitophagy, and the mRNA and protein expressions of LC3-II/LC3-I, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), and Parkin were decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, XJCRTSZW treatment markedly increased cell viability in vitro (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: XJCRTSZW protects TP-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via the mitophagy-mediated PINK1/Parkin pathway.

Investigation and analysis of the status of myopia and related behavior in children and adolescents in Northeast Sichuan.

PURPOSE: In this study, we examined the current status of myopia among primary and secondary school children in northeastern Sichuan to analyze the factors connected to myopia and provide data support and a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of myopia. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional study and a comprehensive sampling survey, 34,138 students aged 5-19 years were screened for refraction in 22 primary and secondary schools in Langzhong, and 4000 behavioral questionnaires were delivered at random. After evaluation and rational problem-solving, a total of 3764 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The percentage of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Langzhong was 65.61%, with female students having a higher rate than male students ( P < 0.05); 52.81% of primary school students, 86.26% of secondary school students, and 88.17% of high school students had myopia. The incidence of myopia detection increased with school age ( P < 0.001), indicating a correlation between age and myopia prevalence. The prevalence of myopia was mainly low (40.53%) and moderate myopia (19.89%). The prevalence of high myopia (5.19%) was relatively high. The prevalence of myopia among female students (5.54%) was greater than that in male students ( P < 0.05) and increased with age ( P < 0.001). The proportion of students who wore eyeglasses was 24.36%, with a larger proportion of female students (25.93%) than male students (22.61%) ( P < 0.001). In addition, the rate of eyeglass use increased with school age ( P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that higher grade point averages, female gender, and long-term usage of electronic items were risk factors for myopia. The results of the questionnaire survey revealed that students in this region were under immense pressure to perform well academically, spent a lot of time engaged in near-work activities, and had a low rate of myopia awareness; 24.43% of the students had not had a vision examination in the previous year, indicating that parents did not pay sufficient attention to eye health. CONCLUSION: The incidence of myopia among children and teenagers is high in Northeast Sichuan, and the outlook for addressing the problem is bleak. Therefore, it is critical to improve vision monitoring and eye health education.

Exploring the Central Mechanism of Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Treating Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity Based on Hypothalamic LepR-Mediated JAK2/STAT3 Pathway / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the effects of acupoint catgut embedding therapy on body mass,lipid metabolism,serum leptin and mRNA and protein expressions of hypothalamic leptin receptor(LepR)-mediated Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)pathway in rats with diet-induced obesity(DIO).Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 10 in normal group and 30 in modeling group.A high-fat diet was used to establish the DIO rat model.After successful modeling,the modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group,the acupoint catgut embedding group and the acupoint catgut embedding + AG490(JAK2/STAT3 pathway blocker)group,with 10 rats in each group.The acupoint catgut embedding group and the acupoint catgut embedding + AG490 group were embedded on day(s)1,8,15 and 22 after successful modeling,the acupoints were selected from the Zhongwan(RN12),Shuidao(ST28),Tianshu(ST25),Pishu(BL20),Weishu(BL21),Sanjiaoshu(BL22)with a total of 4 treatments,and the acupoint catgut embedding + AG490 group was injected intraperitoneally with 1 mg/kg of AG490 every day during the treatment period;the normal group and the model group were only grasped and fixed.Body mass was measured before and after treatment.Lipid metabolism indexes of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and serum leptin levels were measured after treatment,and the mRNA expressions of hypothalamus LepR,JAK2 and STAT3 were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and the protein expressions of hypothalamus LepR,JAK2 and STAT3 were detected by Western Blot.Results Before treatment,compared with the normal group,the body mass of the model group,the acupoint catgut embedding group,and the acupoint catgut embedding+AG490 group were all elevated(P＜0.01),and compared with the model group,there was no significant difference in the body mass between the acupoint catgut embedding group and the acupoint catgut embedding+AG490 group(P＞0.05).After treatment,compared with the normal group,body mass,leptin and TG,TC,LDL-C levels were increased,and mRNA and protein expression levels of LepR,JAK2,STAT3 were decreased in the model group(all P＜0.01);compared with the model group,body mass,leptin and TG,TC,LDL-C levels were decreased in the acupoint catgut embedding group,and mRNA and protein levels of LepR,JAK2,STAT3 were increased in the acupoint catgut embedding + AG490 group(all P＜0.01);compared with the acupoint catgut embedding + AG490 group,the body mass,leptin and TG,TC,LDL-C levels were decreased,and mRNA and protein levels of LepR,JAK2,STAT3 were increased in the acupoint catgut embedding group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Acupoint catgut embedding has a good effect on weight loss and lipid reduction in DIO rats,and its central mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of serum leptin level and activation of hypothalamic LepR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Swyer syndrome with gonadal non-dysgerminoma malignant germ cell tumors: a report of 15 cases in a national medical center / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, treatment, and survival outcomes of Swyer syndrome with gonadal non-dysgerminoma malignant germ cell tumor (MGCT-NDG). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on Swyer syndrome patients with MGCT-NDG between January 2011 and December 2022 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital to investigate their characteristics and outcomes. Results: A total of 15 patients (4.9%, 15/307) with Swyer syndrome were identified in 307 MGCT-NDG patients. The average age at diagnosis of MGCT-NDG and Swyer syndrome were (16.8±6.7) and (16.7±6.6) years, respectively. Six cases were preoperatively diagnosed as Swyer syndrome, of which 4 cases received bilateral gonadectomy with or without hysterectomy, while the other 2 cases underwent removal of gonadal tumor and unilateral gonadectomy with hysterectomy, respectively. Of the 9 patients postoperatively diagnosed as Swyer syndrome, unilateral gonadectomy, removal of gonadal tumor, and unilateral gonadectomy with hysterectomy were performed in 6 patients, 2 patients, and 1 patient, respectively. Mixed malignant germ cell tumor (MGCT;10 cases), yolk sac tumor (4 cases), and immature teratoma (1 case) were the pathological subtypes, in the descending order. There were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ⅰ in 6 cases, stage Ⅱ in 3 cases, stage Ⅲ in 5 cases, and stage Ⅳ in 1 case, respectively. Eleven patients received reoperation for residual gonadectomy after a average delay of (7.9±6.2) months, including 8 MGCT-NDG patients and 1 gonadoblastoma patient, no tumor involved was seen in the remaining gonads in the other 2 cases. Ten patients experienced at least one recurrence, with a median event free survival of 9 months (5, 30 months), of which 2 patients received surgery only at the time of initial treatment. All patients with recurrence received surgery and combined with postoperative chemotherapy. After a median follow-up of 25 months (15, 42 months), 10 patients were disease-free, 3 patients died of the tumor, 1 died of side effects of leukemia chemotherapy, and 1 survived with disease. Conclusion: The incidence rate of Swyer syndrome in patients with MGCT-NDG is about 4.9%; timely diagnosis and bilateral gonadectomy should be emphasized to reduce the risk of reoperation and second carcinogenesis in this population.

Research progress on mTOR signaling pathway and regulatory T cell nutrition metabolic regulation mechanism / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

In the tumor microenvironment, metabolic reprogramming can impact metabolic characteristics of T cells, thus inducing immunosuppression to promote tumor immune escape. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating diverse functions of various immune cells. This review mainly focuses on the molecular mechanism of mTOR signaling in regulating cellular energy metabolism process, and the activation status of mTOR signaling under different nutritional environments. In addition, it also summarizes the role of the mTOR signaling in regulatory T cell (Tregs) metabolism and function in current studies, and evaluates the potential of mTOR as a clinical immunotherapeutic target and its current application challenges.

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for locally advanced renal cell carcinoma patients after surgery / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To construct a nomogram survival prediction model for patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma based on SEER database (n=7893), so as to provide reference for future prognosis study. 【Methods】 Case data were downloaded from the SEER database, and divided into the experimental group and validation group with a ratio of 7∶3 by simple randomization.The clinical information was analyzed, independent risk factors influencing prognosis were screened, and the overall survival (OS) and tumor-specific survival (CSS) were mapped.Model performance was evaluated using consistency index, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), internal and external validation, and calibration curves. 【Results】 Patients’ age, tumor size, disease progression tpye, TNM stage, number of positive lymph nodes, marital status and pathological type were significantly correlated with OS and CSS (P<0.01).Based on the above predictors, the internal verification AUC of the 1-, 3- and 5- year OS nomogram model was 0.809, 0.721 and 0.715, respectively.The internal validation AUC of the nomogram model for 1-, 3- and 5- year CSS was 0.802, 0.745 and 0.735, respectively.The external validation AUC of the OS nomogram model was 0.792, 0.628 and 0.620 at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively, and the external validation AUC of CSS was 0.943, 0.803 and 0.737 at 1.3 and 5 years, respectively, showing good model differentiation and accuracy. 【Conclusion】 The prediction performance of the nomogram model is good, and it can provide reference for individualized treatment.

Associations of alcohol, coffee, green tea and dairy products with prostate cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 A two-sample Mendelian randomization method was used to explore whether there is a causal relationship between the intake of alcohol, coffee, green tea and dairy products and the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), in order to clarify the risk factors for the incidence of PCa and find a prevention pathway for PCa. 【Methods】 Data of alcohol, coffee, green tea, dairy products and prostate cancer were collected with genome-wide association study (GWAS).The causal relationship between their intake and the risk of PCa was analyzed with two-sample Mendelian randomization (2SMR).MR analysis was conducted with inverse-variance weighting (IVW).Sensitivity analysis was performed with weighted median, MR-Egger regression, Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) tests. 【Results】 Coffee intake (OR: 0.994, 95%CI: 0.990-0.999, P=0.014) and green tea intake (OR: 0.999, 95%CI: 0.998-0.999, P=0.036) were negatively correlated with the risk of PCa.Alcohol intake (OR: 0.997, 95%CI: 0.990-1.004, P=0.392) and dairy intake (OR: 1.025, 95%CI: 0.983-1.069, P=0.256) were not associated with the risk of PCa.In weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and retention one method analyses, the results were robust without heterogeneity or pleiotropy. 【Conclusion】 There was a causal association between coffee intake and green tea intake and the onset of PCa, but no causal association between alcohol intake and dairy intake and PCa onset.

Finite element analysis of three-dimensional frame screws and minimally invasive plate for fixation of Sanders Ⅲ calcaneal fractures / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Satisfactory clinical results have been achieved in the treatment of Sanders Ⅲ calcaneal fractures by percutaneous compression fixation with three-dimensional frame screws.However,whether the stability of minimally invasive plate internal fixation can be achieved in terms of biomechanics,and the advantages and disadvantages after comparison are still unknown. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the fixation effect of different internal fixation devices on Sanders Ⅲ calcaneal fractures by finite element analysis. METHODS:A finite element model of Sanders Ⅲ calcaneal fracture was made based on CT data of a 26-year-old healthy male volunteer.The calcaneal fracture models were fixed by minimally invasive three-dimensional frame screws and minimally invasive Y-plate.The longitudinal loads of 350 and 700 N were applied respectively.The displacement and stress distribution of the two models were analyzed,and the stability of each model was compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The peak stress of bone block and implant in the minimally invasive three-dimensional frame screw model was significantly lower than that in the minimally invasive minimally invasive plate model.The average stress of bone block and implant in the three-dimensional frame screw model was also significantly lower than that in the minimally invasive plate model.(2)The maximum displacement of the two models was located at the medial side of the articular surface of the posterior talus,and the maximum displacement of the three-dimensional frame screw model was smaller than that of the minimally invasive plate model.(3)The longitudinal displacement between the anterior fragment and the medial fragment of the minimally invasive plate model was smaller,and the transverse and vertical displacement between the medial fragment and the middle fragment of the three-dimensional group screw model was smaller.(4)It is concluded that both of the two internal fixation models can provide satisfactory fixation effect.The three-dimensional frame screw model can provide better transverse and vertical stability with more uniform stress distribution and smaller comprehensive displacement of bone fragments,while the minimally invasive plate has more advantages in maintaining longitudinal stability.

Study on the Impacts of the Professional Background of the Director of Public Hospital on the Economic Operation of Hospital / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To analyze and explain the influences of the professional background of the directors of public hospitals on the economic operation of the hospital,and to provide research support for training compound hospital management talents and improving the relevant policies of public hospital director management.Methods:The fixed effect model was used to conduct a quantitative analysis based on the data of individual directors and hospital economic performance of public hospitals in Guangdong from 2005 to 2018.Results:Compared with hospitals whose directors without clinical medical backgrounds,the medical income,the number of admissions and medical expenditure of the hospitals whose directors with clinical medical backgrounds were lower,and turnover of bed rate was higher,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with hospitals where the directors had not obtained a degree related to management and did not participate in management training,the asset-liability ratio and management cost of the hospital where the directors had obtained a degree or participated in the training were lower,and the liquidity ratio was higher,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion:For the economic operation indicators closely related to clinical work,directors with clinical medical background have a more significant impact because of their advantages in clinical front-line learning and work experience.For the economic operation indicators closely related to asset management,administration and cost management,directors with management learning experience can better reveal and exert their advantages in applying advanced management concepts,methods and tools,and have a more significant impact.

Expression levels and clinical significance of miR-183-5p and THEM4 in colon cancer tissues / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To study the expression levels and clinical significance of microR-NA-183-5p(miR-183-5p)and thioesterase superfamily member 4(THEM4)in colon cancer tissues.Methods:A total of 96 patients with colon cancer who in Hebei China Petroleum Central Hospital gathered as the research objects.During the course of radical resection of colon cancer patients,the colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected.The relative expression levels of miR-183-5p and THEM4 mRNA in colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected.Analysis of the correlation between miR-183-5pand THEM4mRNA in colon cancer and their relation-ship with prognosis.COX regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of pa-tients with colon cancer.Results:Compared with adjacent normal tissues,the expression level of miR-183-5p in colon cancer tissues increased(P＜0.05),and the expression level of THEM4 mRNA decreased(P＜0.05).MiR-183-5p was negatively correlated with THEM4 mRNA expression in colon cancer tissue(r=-0.529,P＜0.05).The survival rate of the high expression group of miR-183-5p lower than that of the low expression group(P＜0.05),the survival rate of the high expression group of THEM4 was obviously higher than that of the low expression group(P＜0.05).TNM stage(Ⅲ-Ⅳ),high expres-sion of miR-183-5p and low expression of THEM4 were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of miR-183-5p in cancer tissues of patients with colon cancer is increased,and the expression level of THEM4 is decreased,both are closely relat-ed to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.

Value of surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy in locally advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: a single-center retrospective cohort study / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation in locally advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC) .Methods:This is a single-center retrospective cohort study. Locally advanced NECC patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Acadmy of Medical Sciences from January 2011 to April 2022 were enrolled. They were divided into concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, and surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation group. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), recurrence rate, and mortality rate.Results:(1) Forty-six cases were included, 22 in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, 24 in surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group. With 16 patients (35%, 16/46) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), the NACT effective rate was 15/16. (2) The median follow-up time was 27.5 months (range: 10-106 months), with 26 (57%, 26/46) experienced recurrences. There were 4 (9%, 4/46) pelvic recurrences and 25 (54%, 25/46) distant recurrences, and 3 (7%, 3/46) both pelvic and distant recurrences. Compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group had lower pelvic recurrence rate [14% (3/22) vs 4% (1/24); χ2=1.296, P=0.255] but without statistic difference. Both groups had similar distant recurrence rate [55% (12/22) vs 54% (13/24); χ2=0.001, P=0.979] and overall recurrence rate [59% (13/22) vs 54% (13/24); χ2=0.113, P=0.736]. (3) During the follow-up period, 22 cases (48%, 22/46) died, with 11 cases (50%, 11/22) in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group and 11 cases (46%, 11/24) in surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group, without significant difference ( χ2=0.080, P=0.777). The postoperative 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 62.3% and 36.9%. Compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, the patients in surgery combined chemotherapy and radiation group showed an extended trend in PFS (17.0 vs 32.0 months) and OS (37.0 vs 50.0 months) but without statistic differences ( P=0.287, P=0.125). Both groups had similar 3-year OS rate (54.2% vs 69.9%; P=0.138) and 5-year OS rate (36.1% vs 38.8%; P=0.217). Conclusions:Our study supports the multi-modality treatment strategy (including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation) as an important component in the treatment of locally advanced NECC. The combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation seems to have advantages in the treatment of locally advanced NECC, but needs to be confirmed by further multicenter studies.

XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan protects triptolide-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via mitophagy mediated PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway

Purpose: XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for invigorating the kidney, nourishing blood, and promoting blood circulation. This study aimed to explore the effect of XJCRTSZW on triptolide (TP)-induced oxidative stress injury. Methods: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and XJCRTSZW. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, CCK-8, JC-1 staining, transmission electron microscopy, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were performed in this study. Results: XJCRTSZW treatment observably ameliorated the TP-induced pathological symptoms. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of estradiol, anti-Mullerian hormone, progesterone, superoxide dismutase, ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential, p62, and Hsp60 mRNA, and protein levels in vivo and in vitro (p < 0.05). However, TP-induced elevation of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations, malondialdehyde levels, reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis rate, mitophagy, and the mRNA and protein expressions of LC3-II/LC3-I, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), and Parkin were decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, XJCRTSZW treatment markedly increased cell viability in vitro (p < 0.05). Conclusions: XJCRTSZW protects TP-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via the mitophagy-mediated PINK1/Parkin pathway.

Synthesis of Luminescent Indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones via a Sequential Ugi/Iodine-Promoted Cyclization/Staudinger/Aza-Wittig Reaction.

A new efficient synthesis of indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones via a sequential Ugi/iodine-promoted cyclization/Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction was developed. The acid catalyzed three-component reactions of 2-azidobenzaldehydes, 2-[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]benzenamines (or o-aminoacetophenones), and isocyanides gave Ugi-3CR intermediates, which reacted subsequently with I2/DMSO and triphenylphosphine to produce indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones in good overall yields. The obtained indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones were all colored in bright red or orange. Their luminescent property was studied preliminarily and some of them showed high molar absorption coefficients, strong fluorescence emission intensity, and good absolute light quantum yields.

Analysis of Nucleoporin 107 Overexpression and Its Association with Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Bioinformatics Methods.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and mortality. Current studies indicate nucleoporin 107 (NUP107) is involved in the construction of nuclear pore complex, and NUP107 overexpression contributes to the growth and development in most types of cancers, but its effect in LUAD has not been elucidated. Methods: Differences in NUP107 expression were investigated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and multiple Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. Enrichment analysis were implemented to probe the NUP107 function. The association of NUP107 with the degree of immune cell infiltration was investigated by the TIMER database, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and ESTIMATE. The association of NUP107 expression with tumor mutation burden (TMB), TP53, and immune checkpoint was analyzed. Single-cell RNA sequencing data were used to detect NUP107 expression in different cell clusters. Finally, we performed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to prove the difference of NUP107 expression. Results: NUP107 was overexpressed in LUAD and mainly expressed in cancer stem cell (CSC). Overexpression of NUP107 in LUAD suggested a poorer prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis pointed out that NUP107 was mainly linked to the regulation of cell cycle. Both immune cell infiltration and TMB were found to be in connection with NUP107. Cases in the group with high NUP107 expression had poorer immune infiltration, but had higher expression of immune checkpoints, TMB, and proportion of TP53 mutations. Conclusion: NUP107 is a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic factor for LUAD and may be involved in tumor progression through its effects on cell cycle and immune infiltration.

Long-term survival in esophagectomy for early-stage esophageal cancer versus endoscopic resection plus additional chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Esophagectomy is still advised as an additional treatment for patients with superficial esophageal cancer (EC, T1a-T1b) after endoscopic resection (ER). However, esophagectomy often deteriorates the general condition of EC patients. In recent years, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been recognized as a reliable, non-surgical treatment that can improve the prognosis. How to combine ER with adjuvant therapy to bring maximal benefits to patients has become a hot clinical research hot topic. However, the current studies have mostly been conducted retrospectively, in single centers, and with small clinical samples; there have been few prospective and large sample size randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes of adjuvant CRT versus esophagectomy in the treatment of early EC, and to provide a reference for clinical research and practice. Methods: A comprehensive and extensive literature search was performed via the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science online and all randomized cohort studies and retrospective cohort studies were collected. The quality of research was evaluated according to Cochrane's quality standards, and statistical analysis was conducted with Stata 13.0 and RevMan 5.3 software and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: A total of 9 cohort studies, including 790 patients, were included for meta-analysis. The long term effects of the esophagectomy group were better than those of the CRT after ER group [odds ratio (OR) =6.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.96 to 18.84, P=0.002] in disease-free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR) =0.24, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.85, P=0.03] and overall survival (OS) (HR =1.02, 95% CI: 0.57 to 1.82, P=0.94). Other survival indicators showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions: The 2 groups showed no significant results in OS. Although we found that CRT may be suitable for patients with high-risk of relapse or unable to tolerate surgery, it cannot totally replace surgical treatment; further randomized trials are required to verify this view.