Meta-analysis of the association between major foods with added fructose and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objectives: The relationship between the consumption of foods with added fructose and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was inconsistent in previous epidemiological studies, and no meta-analysis has been performed on the pooled results. Hence, this study aims to assess the associations between the consumption of major foods with added fructose and NAFLD in a meta-analysis. Methods: Through PubMed and Web of Science, an extensive literature search of publications before July 2022 was conducted. We included studies that investigated the associations between the intake of ≥1 food sources with added fructose (biscuits and cookies, cake, sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs], sweets, candies, chocolate, or ice cream) and NAFLD in a general adult population. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to pool odds ratios [ORs, 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)] depending on the degree of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 15 studies with 65 149 participants were finally brought into the meta-analysis. Based on the results, it seems that the prevalence of NAFLD was higher among those who consumed foods with added fructose (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.17-1.48). Subgroup analysis showed that consumption of foods with added fructose was associated with a greater prevalence of NAFLD in subgroups of cohort and cross-sectional studies, of SSBs, participants from Asia or North America, disease assessment using ultrasound, CT, or MRI, and exposure assessment using dietary recall and food frequency questionnaires. Conclusion: Our results indicated that major foods with added fructose intake have a positive association with the prevalence of NAFLD. Reduction of added fructose consumption may represent an early opportunity to mitigate or prevent NAFLD.

The Status of Blood Lipids Among Children and Adolescents - China, 2016-2017.

What is already known about this topic?: Dyslipidemia is attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A recent report suggests dyslipidemia prevalence has increased among children and adolescents. What is added by this report?: Dyslipidemia prevalence was 19.43% among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in 2016-2017. The abnormal blood lipid prevalence and the average blood lipid levels showed a diversified distribution across demographics. What are the implications for public health practice?: Continued monitoring of abnormal blood lipids among Chinese children and adolescents, especially triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), may inform public health interventions to promote long-term cardiovascular health and prevent CVD in adulthood.

Sleep Status Among Children and Adolescents Aged 6-17 Years - China, 2016-2017.

What is already known about this topic?: There has been little to no description of sleep status among children and adolescents nationwide in recent years. What is added by this report?: This report assesses the sleep duration and sleep patterns of children and adolescents in China. Approximately half of the adolescents did not get the recommended amount of sleep on school days, and more than half overslept on weekends. What are the implications for public health practice?: The importance of children and adolescents meeting recommended sleep durations needs greater emphasis, especially among older age groups and those in urban areas.