Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Lead/pharmacokinetics , Tilapia , Water Pollutants, Chemical/pharmacokinetics , Animal Feed/analysis , Animals , Body Burden , Calcium/analysis , Cichlids , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Fresh Water , Intestines/drug effects , Intestines/ultrastructure , Lead/analysis , Lead/toxicity , Longevity/drug effects , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Zinc/analysisSubject(s)
Coffee , Industrial Waste , Water Pollutants, Chemical/pharmacokinetics , Alum Compounds/metabolism , Bacteria, Aerobic/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Bioreactors , Brazil , Electrolytes/metabolism , Fruit , Plant Extracts/pharmacokinetics , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
The administration of cadmium, as food supplement, its bioaccumulation, and the effects on the development of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were investigated. The average size and weight and its behavior compared with controls were investigated during the period January 31, 1997, until March 31, 1999. At intervals of 60 days the measurements of size and weight were performed, and the concentration of cadmium in feces, water, muscular tissue, and viscera were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The initial average cadmium concentration in food was 5 mg small middle dotkg(-1) and only after 6 months a small effect on size and weight could be observed. With increases in cadmium concentration to 50 mg small middle dotkg(-1), beginning after the 7th month, and 100 mg small middle dotkg(-1) after the 16th month, a clear difference in size and weight and also in behavior could be observed. An LC(50) value of 40 mg small middle dotkg(-1) was observed after the 23rd month.